ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Atilgan ATILGAN, Ali COSKAN, Hasan OZ

The aim of this study is to test the new, non-marketable system for reducing the most common ammonia gas from the harmful gases in the broiler house and gain them to the farmers. This new system is designed to decrease the ammonia level in the poultry house environment without ventilation. The study was carried out in a broiler breeding house with a capacity of 3000, length of 21 m, a wall height of 3.3 m and a width of 10 m. The phosphoric acid system consists of 2 barrels with a volume of 70 liters placed on top of each other, 5 M phosphoric acid solution and polyethylene balls with three different surface areas. A 190 m3 h-1 capacity fan is installed on the top of the system. It is aimed to reduce the ammonia level by passing the poultry air through this planned system. The phosphoric acid placed in the system is wetting the polyethylene balls and the ammonia in the poultry air passing through the surface of the polyethylene balls is trying to be trapped by the acid in these surfaces. This system, which has never been tried before, is thought to be successful in reducing ammonia levels in broiler chickens.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Ibrahim Cihangir OKUYUCU, Huseyin ERDEM, Savas ATASEVER

The aims of this study were to determine some fertility and milk yield traits of Simmental cows under intensive dairy farm conditions in Konya region of Turkey, and to investigate herd management level by these traits. A total of 120 cows constituting the material of the study were grouped by parity (second and third) and calving season (winter, spring, summer and autumn). Two milk yield groups were designed by taking arithmetic average of previous lactation milk yield. The means for number of services per conception (NSC) and service period (SP) were found to be 2.37±0.016 and 92.0±5.32 days, respectively. Also, average daily milk yield (ADMY), and first and second lactation milk yields were determined as 18.7±0.36 kg, 4756±59.41 kg and 5918.7±75.30 kg, respectively. While ADMY values in cows with 3th parity were higher than those with 2nd parity (P<0.01), NSC of cows calved in the spring were found to be lower (2.11±0.15) than those calved in summer (2.90±0.26) (P <0.05). In addition, the SP of cows calved in winter, autumn and spring was found higher than those calved in the summer (P<0.01). The ADMY values cows of calved in the autumn were higher than those calved in the winter and spring (P<0.001) and NSC means were found lower (2.11±0.14) in cows with lower milk yield than those with higher yield (2.79±0.19) in the subsequent insemination period (P<0.01). These results indicate that milk yield was adequate, NSC was high and SP was close to the upper threshold. Finally, it is suggested that herd management indicators should exhaustively be reconsidered by fertility in the investigated dairy farm.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Roostita Lobo BALIA, Gemilang Lara UTAMA, Eka WULANDARI, Lilis SURYANINGSIH, Andry PRATAMA

Currently, one of the most significant threats is the excessive hunting on wild animals. This is because the hunting results into a food product with turnover and big profit. The trigger for the demand for animal protein derived from the flesh of wild animals (bush meat) against certain species may lead to an increase in diseases. Adulteration processed meatballs into one type of processed replaces raw materials with rat meat. In addition, to causing economic losses, the food products consumed are not safe, healthy, whole, and halal, therefore the need for identification of these food products appears. One method that can be used to detect food product adulteration is the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). This test method is an effort to detect the presence of antibodies or specific antigen in a sample. A total of 29 samples were collected from various meatball traders and chicken noodles around Jatinangor. The results showed negative results of 96.55% and positive results 3.45%. A positive result has a greater value than a negative result color (blue) indicating that rat antibody samples bind to streptavidin-peroxidase antigens, where antigen and antibodies occur in homologous process resulting in a change of color (yellow). This test has a high sensitivity level, so that on products that have experienced ripening can still be detected specific antigen. This is evidenced in the positive control of rat meatballs, and antibodies in rat can still be detected. The negative results indicate there is no adulteration meat meatball in the meatball and it is an evidence that Halal in the area of Jatinangor and surrounding areas become an important concern on food in the campus environment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Răzvan POPA, Dana POPA, Livia VIDU, Elena POGURSCHI, Marius MAFTEI, Carmen NICOLAE

The paper aimed to present the economic weights of milk yield, fat and protein percent estimated in the population of Romanian Buffalo from Șercaia Research and Development Station. A total 609 milk yield and associated characters records, belonging to 87 females, which coming from 11 sire families, for 7 lactations were analysed. The method used was multiple linear regression, and as a global indicator the „mozzarella index” was used. The economic values for milk yield, fat and protein percent in seven lactations were calculated as: € 0.9636, € 0.1367, € -0.0974; € 0.9729, € 0.0912, € -0.0661; € 0.9948, € 0.1978, € -0.1935; € 0.9922, € 0.1506, € -0.1452; € 0.9932, € 0.2691, € -0.2645; € 0.9891, € 0.1454, € -0.1352; € 0.9890, € 0.1708, € -0.1597. Results indicated that a major weight should be given to milk yield and fat percent. Negative value associated with protein percent suggest that the fat had a higher price compared to protein, and the payment system should be based on milk yield and fat percent for mozzarella production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Lovita ADRIANI, Andi MUSHAWWIR, Anastasia, Budi RAHAYU

Chicken’s meat is commonly eaten by most of the world's population. Besides, it has a good source of dietary protein and can provide high biological value, the meat also has a source of fat including saturated fatty acids (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids (USFA), cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipids. But lipids categories can be the risk factors or the initiator of metabolic disease. The study aimed to know a potential and the best level of combination chitosan and turmeric powder for improving composition of blood lipid profile such as cholesterol and triacylglycerol, so it can increasing meat quality. The experimental was held for 30 days and the blood samples was investigated in the last days. The experimental design was used completely randomized design with 5 treatment (R1 = Chitosan 0% + Turmeric Powder 0%; R2 = C 1% + T.P 1%; R3 = C 2% + T.P 1%; R4 = C 1% + T.P 2%; R2 = C 2% + T.P 2%) and 4 replicated, in total using 100 DOC. The result is significantly (P<0,05) decreasing cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels. The best level recommendation of combination chitosan and turmeric powder is 1-2%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Mohammed Mohammed Rasheed Hameed WARMAZYAR, Muhammet Ali KARA, Shahla Mohammed Saeed KIRKUKI

The experiment was conducted between March 8th, 2017 and April 26th, 2017 at the Poultry Farm of Animal Sciences Department, College of Agricultural Sciences, Sulaimani University to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of L-carnitine on economic productivity and performance of broiler chickens. By using 260 one-day old of Ross 308 broiler chicks, divided into 5 treatments and 4 replicates based on completely randomized design for 49 days. Feed and water were providedas ad libitum. Chicks were divided into five treatments 52 birds for each treatment. Each treatment contained four replicates of 13 birds. Dietary L-carnitine was added to the diet from the first day to the end of experimental which lasted 49 days at levels of 0% (Control), 0.01% (T1), 0.02% (T2), 0.04% (T3) and 0.08% (T5). The body weight had significantly (p<0.05) affected by L-carnitine supplementation at period 6 and 7, feed intake at 6th, 7th and 8th period, L-carnitine had a significantly (p<0.05) effect on weight gain at 6th and 8th period, it had significant effect on feed conversion ratio at 5th and 6th period. While L-carnitine had no significant effect on the overall body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio at the final of the experiment. However, L-carnitine had no significant effect on dressing percentage with and without giblets while it had a significantly (p<0.05) effect on abdominal fat at T5 compare to other treatments. In addition, there were no significant effects of treatments on the economic index (European Production Efficiency Factor and European Broiler Index).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Raluca Paula TURCU, Cristina TABUC, Petru Alexandru VLAICU, Tatiana Dumitra PANAITE, Mihaela BULEANDRA, Mihaela SARACILA

An experiment on 90, COBB 500 broiler chicks (14-42 days), reared under heat stress, evaluated the effect of the dietary oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) powder and oil, on the balance of the intestinal microflora of broilers. The broilers, assigned to three groups (C, E1, E2), were housed in an experimental hall with 32°C constant temperature, humidity 36% and 23 h light regimen. The conventional diet C included monensin in the premix for the grower phase (14-35 days). Unlike the control group, the diet for the experimental groups included 0.01% oregano oil (E1), or 0.005% oregano oil plus 1% oregano powder (E2). Six broilers/ group were slaughtered in the end of the experiment (42 days), and samples of cecal and intestinal content were collected for bacteriological examination. The experimental results showed that the total Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli and Staphylococcus count was significantly (P≤ 0.05) lower both in the cecal microbiota and in the intestinal microbiota of the experimental groups than in group C, while the lactobacilli count was significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher in groups E1 and E2 than in group C.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Çilem KISA, Ezgi KARAGÖZ, Gülfizar CİCİ, Ömer KÖKER, Birol KILIÇ, Azim ŞİMŞEK, Damla BİLECEN, Ali SOYUÇOK

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of pomegranate peel (PP) and propolis (PR) powders (2%) and their combinations (1%PP and 1%PR) on physico-chemical and microbiological properties of sucuks produced with various nitrite (N) doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) during fermentation (10 d) and storage periods (4oC; 30 d). The results showed that the pH values of all sucuks decreased during fermentation whereas the pH increased during storage (P<0.05). Water activity (aw) decreased during both the fermentation and storage periods (P<0.05). The lowest aw was obtained in samples with PR (P<0.05), whereas nitrite doses did not have a significant effect on aw. OxidationReduction Potential (ORP) increased during fermentation and storage (P<0.05). PP and PR powders and different nitrite concentrations had no effect on pH and ORP. The results indicated that L values increased with PP, and decreased with PR during fermentation and storage (P<0.05). Furthermore, a* increased and b* decreased during fermentation, whereas a* and b* values decreased during storage in all sucuk groups (P<0.05). The lowest a* was determined in samples with PR (P<0.05). There was a gradual increase in TBARS in all sucuks during fermentation and storage (P<0.05). The results showed that PP and PR powders were effective in reducing the TBARS levels (P<0.05). PP inhibited TBARS formation more effectively than PR in nitrite-free samples, whereas this difference between PP and PR was not determined in samples containing different nitrite levels (P<0.05). Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts increased during the fermentation and storage period whereas the yeast-mould counts generally decreased at the end of the fermentation (P<0.05). Furthermore, coliform bacteria counts did not change during fermentation and storage.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Ina VASILEAN, Iuliana APRODU, Marian NECULAU, Livia PĂTRAȘCU

Germination tests were performed on chickpeas, broad beans and green lentils, with the aim of identifying the processing conditions that allow improving germination efficiency and bioactivity profile of the germinated pulses. Germination experiments were carried out under different lighting conditions. The preliminary treatment of the soaked pulses through pulsed light of different fluency values before germination was also tested. Regardless of the investigated pulses, the dark or light regime had no significant influence on the total germination efficiency. Anyway, the light had a positive effect on the germination rate of chickpeas in the first 24 hours. A more pronounced increase of the antioxidant capacity was observed for samples germinated under dark conditions. The investigated pulses reacted differently to the pulsed light stimuli. Only in the case of lentils an increase of the percentage of germinated seeds was observed after the pulsed light treatment. Regarding the synthesis of both proteins and antioxidant compounds, the most promising results were registered for germinated broad beans after the pulsed light treatment at fluence of 43.2 J/cm2.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXI, Issue 1
Written by Semra KÜÇÜK

This experiment was devised to evaluate the effects of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) on blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus at five different salinities (0, 8, 16, 20, 24 ppt) and four different tricaine concentrations (200, 300, 400, 500 mg l-1). Even though, a body of literature exist about the tricaine usage on fish, not much information is present on tricaine with salt. The requirement time to anaesthetize fish depends on intensity of tricaine concentration and salinity. Induction time of fish decreased as tricaine concentrations increased. When exposed to any of tricaine concentrations, fish entered a deep state of anaesthesia (induction time ranged between 0.19 and 2.54 min). Recovery time was highest at 400-500 mg l-1 of tricaine as salinity increased. Tricaine + salt combination is strongly recommended to use in blue tilapia culture. Ideal tricaine concentration was 200 mg l-1 of tricaine at 8 ppt of salinity to reduce stress in blue tilapia.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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