Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Anton HAMZĂU, Stefan-Teofil VLAD, Minodora TUDORACHE, Andra Dorina ȘULER, Andrei MARMANDIU, Ioan PEȚ, Goran PANICI, Ioan CUSTURĂ
Rearing systems play a crucial role in shaping the productivity, welfare, and sustainability of laying hen farming. This review examines the effects of different rearing systems - cage systems (conventional and enriched), barn systems, free-range, and organic systems - on key production parameters, including egg yield, feed conversion efficiency, egg quality, and hen welfare. Studies at the global level reveal that conventional cage systems achieve the highest productivity but often raise concerns about animal welfare. Conversely, free-range and organic systems promote better welfare and consumer trust in product quality but are associated with lower productivity and higher production costs. This review also analyses the impact of environmental factors, genotype selection, and management practices on laying hen performance within each system. Additionally, it discusses emerging trends such as the adoption of enriched cages, precision farming technologies, and sustainable feed alternatives, as well as challenges like disease management and compliance with increasingly strict animal welfare regulations. By synthesizing current global research, this paper aims to highlight best practices and provide a roadmap for balancing productivity, animal welfare, and environmental sustainability in laying hen farming.
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