Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Mariia VOROBEL, Vasyl KAPLINSKYI, Oleg KLYM, Olha STEFANYSHYN, Alla HUNCHAK, Oksana SMOLYANINOVA, Nataliia PAKHOLKIV, Halyna BILOVUS
The key to the intensive course of metabolic processes in the body of ruminants, and therefore to their high productivity, is the balance of rations according to the optimal level of vitamin and mineral nutrition, which is achieved through the use of balancing feed supplements. Providing the animal body with the necessary nutrients and biologically active substances determines not only the level of productivity, but also the amount of feed costs per unit of production, which ultimately determines the profitability of the industry. Therefore, the basis of the planned research was to find out the influence of different levels of vitamin and mineral nutrition on the ruminal metabolism of cows and their milk productivity. Based on the results obtained in the course of the research, the prospective use of the improved vitamin-mineral supplement in the composition of compound feed K 60-32-89 (optimized for Phosphorus and Sulfur) was experimentally confirmed in the feeding of dairy cows during the summer grazing period. A balancing feed supplement is enriched with biologically active substances that are deficient for Pre-Carpathia in a complex with improved compound feed it provides the optimal level of vitamin and mineral nutrition of ruminants in accordance with the physiological need, which contributes to increasing the nutritional value of feed and has a positive effect on the studied indicators of ruminal metabolism. In particular, feeding dairy cows with optimized vitamin-mineral supplement contributes to an increase in the number of microorganisms (amylo-, cellulose- and proteolytic) in the forestomachs and their enzymatic activity. This causes intensive hydrolysis of feed carbohydrates and increases the level of volatile fatty acids by 14.1% while reducing ammonia nitrogen by 11.8%, which is evidence of the activation of metabolic processes involved in energy and synthetic reactions. By analogy with the increase in the intensity of metabolic processes in the rumen of ruminants as a result of a balanced diet by the limiting biologically active substances due to the use of vitamin-mineral supplement, the level of milk productivity increases by 10.8% and the chemical composition of milk improves (dry matter, fat, protein, milk sugar, calcium) compared to the P 60-5M premix.
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