Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Sorin ROȘU, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN, Dănuț-Nicolae ENEA, Monica MARIN, Elena RĂDUCANU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Livia VIDU
The theories underlying the studies on the origin of the cattle breeds place the Brown breed in the Bos taurus brachyceros type, based on the craniological characters identified in cattle from the mountain area. Today, at European level, a distinction is made between Braunvieh (original Braun-Schwyz) and Brown Suiss. The Braunvieh breed, a breed with milk-meat skills, was formed in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland, based on successive crosses between local cattle and those brought by the Burgundians, Germans and Romans, later spreading to many countries in Europe. The Brown Suiss breed, specialized breed for milk, was formed in America, based on cattle imports from Switzerland (1869 - the first imports). While the Brauvieh breed achieves milk production of approximately 6,000 kg per lactation, with 4% fat and 3 .4% protein, the Brown Suiss breed, which has become a breeder for milk production, has achieved yields of over 10,000 kg of milk per lactation in the US. The proportion of beta casein type A2 (which gives better digestibility to milk) is much higher in the milk of these breeds compared to other breeds (over 80% in Brown Suiss compared to Holstein 62%).
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