ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Daniela ISTRATI, Camelia VIZIREANU, Felicia DIMA

Meat quality is defined as a combination of sensory characteristics and technological aspects, such as color, waterholding capacity, cooking losses, and texture. Tenderness and juiciness, has been considered as the most critical characteristics because it influences repeat purchases by consumers. Since natural aging is a long-term process, artificial aging is recommended to be widely used in the meat industry and catering. Thus, in the present study was investigated the effect of different type of tenderization including chemical methods (injection with 0.4 M CaCl2), enzymatic methods (injection with papain extracted from papaya) and marinating in wine marinade on technological properties of bovine Biceps femoris muscle. The control samples were represented by raw meat stored in the same conditions as analyzed samples. After injecting with CaCl2, papain and marinating, meat pieces were vacuum packed and stored at refrigeration temperature 4°C for 7 days. In this experiment, the influence of tenderization applied to beef meats was evaluated by monitoring pH evolution, storage losses, cooking losses, changes in meat texture. During storage and artificial tenderization of the samples vacuum packed, were noted for all indicators followed variations indicating the proteolysis process development, which signifies an improvement in meat tenderness.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Ion BUZU

The research purpose was the comparative appreciation of different evaluation systems for fur skin characters and features at Karakul lambs and methods of rams testing by the progeny fur skin qualities, by emphasizing of those advantages and disadvantages. Research has been done on breeding sheep from experimental farm of INZMV Maximovca, Anenii Noi district, and CAP „Agrosargal” from Hâncești district. As a result of research has been found, that, the category of rams amelioration obtained as a result of the application of the terminological system of fur skin characters and features assessment at lambs appreciation and of simple testing method by the progeny fur skin, will not be afterwards confirmed, in proportion of 85%, when the decimal system of scoring is applied in order to appreciate the characters and features of lamb fur skins and will be used the biometric method of scoring, by testing the rams after the progeny fur skin qualities. Moreover, some rams that were qualified as reducing (worsen), as a result of testing after the progeny fur skin qualities by the simple method, have become ameliorator breeders, as a result of their testing after the biometric scoring system of progeny fur skin qualities and, reverse, other rams, which were qualified as enhancers in testing result by simple method, became reducers, as a result of their testing by biometric scoring method. It was concluded, that only application of terminological system assessment of Karakul lambs and of the simple method of rams testing after the progeny fur skin qualities are not enough for an objective evaluation of breeders amelioration category. The conclusions made as a the result of testing with simple method application are offen unreliable and contradictory, The use of decimal scoring system at Karakul lambs assessment and of biometric scoring method at testing rams after the progeny fur skin qualities, permits objective, genotypic evaluation of breeders amelioration category by determining the certainty criterion of the conclusions regarding amelioration degree of each ram apart. As a result of research was proposed a classification of Karakul rams by the amelioration value in following categories: I degree ameliorator – whose progeny exceeds by score ranking, the flock level with td ≥ 3.3 (B ≥ 0.999). II degree ameliorator - whose progeny exceeds by score ranking, the flock level with td ≥ 2.6 – 3.2 (B ≥ 0.99). Ordinary ameliorator - whose progeny exceeds by score ranking, the flock level with td ≥ 2.0 – 2.5 (B ≥ 0.95). Relative ameliorator - whose progeny exceeds by score ranking, the flock level with td ≥ 1.6 – 1.9 (B ≥ 0,90). Neutral – whose progeny doesn’t have a certain positive difference comparing to flock level. Certain reducer – whose progeny surrenders by score ranking, the flock level with td ≥ 1.6. Relative reducer - whose progeny surrenders by score ranking, the flock level up to td <.1.6.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by D. KIRIN

Biodiversity and ecological particularities of the parasite communities of the Black Sea Roach (Rutilus frisii (Nordmann, 1840)) and (Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt, 1772)) from the Veleka River (Black Sea Region) were studied during 2013. 59 specimens of R. frisii and 97 specimens of A. chalcoides were examined with standard techniques for parasites and heavy metal contamination. The purpose of this research is to represent new data for the biodiversity, prevalence, intensity and mean intensity, mean abundance of parasite communities of both fish host species. Basic physicochemical indicators in fish, some endohelminth species as bioindicators and bottom sediments were analyzed. The obtained results for the parasite communities of R. frisii and A. chalcoides correspond and are in close connection with dependence of the biology and ecology of the determined species of helminthes and the place of the intermediate hosts as bioindicators for the status of the studied natural freshwater ecosystems. The results may be applied in the various monitoring systems for assessment and forecast of the Veleka River condition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by D. KIRIN

Biodiversity and ecological particularities of the parasite communities of the Macedonian Vimba (Vimba melanops (Heckel, 1837)) from the Maritsa River were studied during 2013. Thirty two specimens of V. melanops were examined with standard techniques for parasites and heavy metal contamination. The purpose of this research is to represent new data for the biodiversity, prevalence, intensity and mean intensity, mean abundance of parasite communities of V. melanops from the Maritsa River. Concentration of heavy metals in fish (muscle, liver, intestines and bones), some endohelminth species as bioindicators and bottom sediments were analyzed. The obtained results for the parasite communities of V. melanops correspond and are in close connection with dependence of the biology and ecology of the determined species of helminthes and the place of the intermediate hosts as bioindicators for the status of the studied natural freshwater ecosystems. The results may be applied in the various monitoring systems for assessment and forecast of the Maritsa River condition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Minodora TUDORACHE, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Ilie VAN, Elena POPESCU MICLOȘANU, Livia VIDU

European Union and especially some national governments have gradually increased production costs by political decisions of introducing new rules concerning food safety, protection of environment and animal welfare. This paper has been performed to assess economical consequences of applying broiler welfare laws on unit cost by kg live weight. The study was performed during four years with production data from six top poultry farms from Romania before (V1) and after the introduction ob broiler welfare rules (V2 and V3). Percentage of savings and losses was calculated for each variant based on unit cost which was found before welfare rules came into action based on expenses categories in same economical conditions to emphasize economical consequences of applying broiler welfare rules. Analyzing these percentages has revealed that unit cost is 1.81% higher in variant V2 than in variant V1 and 3.43% higher in variant V3 compared to base variant. Highest losses by expense category have been noted for lightning (48.22% - V2 and 105.50% - V3) followed by fuel, amortisements and labour force expanses. Lowest losses are in other expenses category with values between 4.86% in variant V2 and 16.16% in variant V3. These losses are due to more lamps used for lightning. Besides these losses welfare rules also brings savings in unit costs between 1.12% for biological material and feeds – V2 and 37.50% for ventilation energy – V3.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Daniela IANIȚCHI, Lucica NISTOR, Laura URDEȘ, Iulian VLAD, Gabriel Iuliu MALOȘ, Carmen NICOLAE

The production of meat products witnessed great development in recent years, a necessary condition in the context of dynamic change of the population lifestyle. On the other hand, many existing products in the market are not optimal in terms of innocuousness, multitude of additives used making consumers reluctant to be and to turn our attention to eating fresh meat. To meet the requirements, therefore meat should provide outstanding sensory properties, of which a significant relevance it is the tenderness and the juiciness. It is known that meat toughness and its ability to retain water are correlated with the phases of post-slaughter meat and biochemically changes that occurring these phases. This study aims to follow the addition of proteolytic enzymes and mixing operation influence on the development of pig muscle hardness and cooking losses, starting at 2 hours post-slaughter, over a period of 14 days. Following experiments it was found that injection of enzymes, and the association of enzymatic treatment mixing generated to reduce muscle tissue hardness, assessed by determining the cutting forces, and reducing the losses associated with heat treatment. Thus, the samples without heating treatment, the cutting force has the following evolution: on the first day post-slaughter of 13.19 kgf for the control sample and injected with enzyme sample, 10.61 kgf for injected and mixed sample; at three days post-slaughter 20.88 kgf for control sample, 16.83 kgf for injected sample and 15.49 kgf for injected and mixed sample; at 14 day post-slaughter to 10.42 kgf for control sample, 6.85 kgf for enzymatically treated sample, and 5.66 kgf for injected and mixed sample. When the meats was heat-treated, we registered similar developments but with lower values. Thermal losses increased with the evolution to the maximum rigidity, then fell to maturation, the biggest losses occurring to the controls samples and lowest in injected and mixed samples.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Iuliu Gabriel MALOS, Gabriela MALOS, Daniela IANIȚCHI

The paper was carried out in order to present the production of milk mixture (cow and buffalo) obtained during 2008 - 2011 in the private and state sector, that it was delivered to market capitalization directly or indirectly through processing industrial units and family consumption.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Alexandra KONSTANDOGLO, Valentin FOCSHA, Ernst SMIRNOV, Vasiliy KURULUK

The object of research was the cattle of dairy production. In the Republic of Moldova to the early 80-ies of the last century were used Red Steppe and Simmental cattle breeds that have a low potential for milk production, poor adaptability to machine milking. The material is animals, which was converted to the type of high-yielding dairy cattle. The transformation was carried out by cross-breeding cows the Red Steppe and Simmental bulls with black-and-White and Holstein breeds. The purpose was to study the effectiveness of selection for a new breed of dairy cattle. As a result of breeding hybrids of different genotypes it was found that they had an average milk production advantage the cows local breeds. On the efficiency of the selection process in the dairy farming is evidenced by the fact that by the end of the third stage of launch a new type in the country for 550 farms and complexes average milk yield per cow per year was 3500 kg of milk and in 51 - more than 5000 kg. Yield of milk from one cow in all categories of farms reached 4016 kg of milk. By 2000, the program for launch a new type has been completed, and in 2008 was approved Moldavian type of black-and-white cattle. In the alelophond of a new type of bulls in locus AEB prevails genetical markers G2Y2E'1Q', G2Y1D', G1I1, I2, O1, B2G2, B2O1Y2D', B2O1, B1O3Y2A'2E'1P'Q'G", Y2E'2G'O', Q', E'3, E'3Q', I' .

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Alexandru Marian FLOREA, Gheorghe HRINCĂ, Ionică NECHIFOR, Mihail GROZA, Claudia Ionela NECHIFOR

This paper describes the health status of a herd of 480 dairy cattle from a private farm from Botoşani County for a period of three years (2005-2007). The exploitation system of cattle was the one of loose housing with individual spaces of rest. There were presented the morbidity share (proportion), disease categories (gynaecological and obstetrical diseases, medical maladies, ruminal-reticular indigestions, leg anomalies, surgical problems) that affected the animals within the farm during this period, the incidences of these diseases, as well as the causes of their occurrence (some hygienic weaknesses in shelters and some imperfections of animal feed), all these issues being interpreted in ecopathogenic context (hereditary predisposition of animals, environment and technological factors). There were indicated some prophylactic measures that must be promoted in this farm.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVII
Written by Cristian Romeo REVNIC, Catalina PENA, Alexandru SONEA, Cosmin SONEA, Gabriel Ovidiu DINU, Flory REVNIC, Bogdan PALTINEANU

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ischemia reperfusion(I/R) upon cardiac physiological parameters (CF) coronary flow,(HR) heart rat as well as LVPD (Left ventricle pressure developed) as well as on apoptosis in adult Wistar rats feed on Cholesterol diet and treated with Procaine. Material and methods:18 male Wistar rats aged 12 months have been used in our experiment divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each: group A Controls, Group B Cholesterol feed rats, group C Cholesterol feed rats treated with Procaine (20mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks). High cholesterol diet (lard mixed with chew) has been used to feed rats for 8 weeks. At the end of treatment the hearts have been excised and mounted in Langendorff reperfusion system. A 45 minutes ischemia has been followed by 120 minutes reperfusion on isolated rat heart in order to measure heart rate, coronary flow and left ventricle developed pressure as well as to assay left ventricle for apoptosis .Our data have pointed out modifications in physiological parameters and the presence of apoptosis in cholesterol treated rats while the Procaine seems to have a benefic effect on these parameters and on DNA integrity.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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