ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Daniela-Mihaela GRIGORE, Maria-Luiza MIRCEA, Jamila YEHMED, Ionuţ Nicolae RANGA, Elena Narcisa POGURSCHI

Brewery wastewater, a waste of the brewing process, presents significant environmental and operational challenges due to its high organic load, nutrient content, and volume. However, its valorisation offers a promising avenue for sustainable resource recovery, particularly in the food industry. This study explores innovative treatment technologies and circular economy strategies to transform brewery wastewater into valuable resources. Anaerobic digestion and membrane bioreactor systems enable the recovery of clean water for reuse in cleaning and cooling processes while generating biogas as a renewable energy source. Nutrient recovery technologies facilitate the extraction of nitrogen and phosphorus, which can serve as biofertilizers for agricultural use or as growth substrates in food-grade fermentation processes. The integration of brewery wastewater valorisation pathways mitigates environmental impacts while enhancing brewery industry profitability and contributing to food industry innovation. This study underscores the potential of brewery wastewater as a resource, highlighting the importance of technological advancements and interdisciplinary collaboration in achieving sustainable food systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Antoneta-Elena SIMA, Alexandru-Ionut ȘTEFAN, Elena-Narcisa POGURSCHI

Meat, an essential component of the human diet, is susceptible to contamination by pathogens such as Salmonella, posing significant public health risks. In this context, bioactive compounds offer innovative solutions for enhancing food safety through their antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. This study explores the influence of bioactive compounds on meat, with a focus on preventing and controlling Salmonella contamination. Studies show that their application in surface treatments or active packaging materials inhibits the development of pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella, thereby reducing contamination risks. In addition, plant extracts rich in polyphenols and flavonoids contribute to meat stabilization by preventing lipid and protein oxidation. Modern processing methods allow the incorporation of these bioactive substances into meat products through techniques such as marination, injection, or active packaging. This study highlights the importance of technological advancements and interdisciplinary collaboration for harnessing the potential of bioactive compounds for combating Salmonella and ensuring safe and high-quality food.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Tudor POPA, Ellda Mellisa SAVU, Raluca-Aniela GHEORGHE-IRIMIA, Dana TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Cosmin ȘONEA, Makki Khalaf Hussein AL DULAIMI, Eugen Adrian CHISA, Paul-Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ

The physiological basis for lambing intensification is rooted in the reproductive physiology of ewes, which governs lambing intervals and is influenced by factors such as photoperiod and seasonal breeding patterns. Strategies for intensification include the implementation of accelerated lambing systems, which utilize hormonal treatments and photoperiod manipulation to achieve three lambings within two years. Genetic selection for prolific breeds, such as Finnsheep and Romanov, is emphasized as a critical component of breeding programs aimed at enhancing lamb output. Nutritional management strategies, including flushing and balanced diets during gestation and lactation are also discussed as vital for improving reproductive efficiency. Furthermore, the application of reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and oestrus synchronization techniques is highlighted to achieve tighter lambing windows and increased reproductive rates. Despite the potential benefits of lambing intensification, several challenges and limitations must be addressed. Health and welfare concerns arise from the increased metabolic demands placed on ewes, leading to risks of reproductive exhaustion and poor maternal care. Additionally, the management of diseases associated with higher lambing frequencies, such as mastitis, is critical. Economic constraints, including increased labour demands and costs associated with feed and veterinary care, pose further challenges to the adoption of intensive systems. In conclusion, this paper aims to elucidate the intricate interplay between physiological mechanisms, management strategies, and the challenges faced in advancing lambing intensification, ultimately contributing to the sustainability and productivity of sheep farming systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Ioana GUCIANU, Elena-Iuliana FLOCEA, Bianca-Georgiana ANCHIDIN, Marius-Mihai CIOBANU, Paul Corneliu BOIȘTEANU

According to the data provided by the representative organization of the Romanian aquaculture sector, a production of 10,000 tons of fish is estimated for 2024. The fish processing industry is known for its high quantities of by-products, and in these circumstances, it is necessary to adopt the most correct approach to their disposal or recycling to prevent the challenges related to environmental management. The circular economy has been of increasing interest in recent years as the exploitation of fish waste represents a sustainable strategy for realizing a circular bio-economy by producing high-value-added compounds. This study aimed to obtain a concentrated soup from fish waste (bony skeleton, head, and skin) and to incorporate this concentrate into a paste obtained from processed fillets. Determinations were carried out to establish the gross chemical composition, color, and pH of the experimental batches, as well as the acceptability of this product to potential consumers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Andreea Ionela ZINCA, Roxana Elena ȘTEFAN (VASILIU), Veronica Denisa LUNGU, Elena RĂDUCANU, Monica Paula MARIN, Dumitru DRĂGOTOIU

Milk has had a fundamental importance in nutrition over the centuries, mainly due to its high nutritional value, which results from a diversified chemical composition, including fat, protein, lactose, and mineral content. This study aims to monitor milk production and the evolution of the main milk quality parameters such as fat, protein, lactose, dry matter, and somatic cell count. The study was carried out on a farm in southeastern Romania, on Montbeliard cows raised in an intensive system. The study was conducted over 12 months, covering both the warm and cold seasons. The results highlighted the importance of monitoring milk production and that a well-balanced nutrition, which includes high-quality feed, is essential for maximizing milk yield, but also for its chemical composition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Dorin MAXIM, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN, Dănuț Nicolae ENEA, Livia VIDU

In the context of the European single market, a competitive and sustainable increase of dairy farms in Romania is essential for securing their activity continuity and long-term development. Between 2015-2024 the evolution of dairy cows in Romania (number, production yield, quality) was analysed compared to the number and size of farms and farmers’ age structure. Dynamics of total national milk production vs milk for processing and EU milk production was evaluated. From income perspective, evolution of raw milk supply prices in Romania (source Milk Market Observatory of European Union) was analysed vs European Union market and compared to price evolution for main feed categories. The results were compared to the dynamics of similar indicators from Poland, a country in Central & Eastern Europe with a remarkable development of milk production. The main conclusions regarding the current level of competitiveness of milk production in Romanian cow farms were highlighted, respectively the long-term risk factors for the national activity of milk production and processing. The necessary measures and related technical-economic levers to consolidate their long-term performance were expressed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Andrada Elena MOISE, Ioan PEȚ, Goran PANICI, Elena Gabriela STAN, Denisa Veronica LUNGU, Andreea Ionela ZINCA, Dănuț Nicolae ENEA, Dumitru DRĂGOTOIU

This paper provides a comparative evaluation of three semi-prepared products made from chicken inner fillet, differentiated by the type of coating applied: classic breadcrumbs, corn flakes, and pumpkin seeds. The study integrates technological, sensory, and food safety perspectives to assess the impact of each variant on thermal behavior, oil absorption, structural stability, and consumer acceptance. Technological parameters such as core temperature during thermal treatment, freezing dynamics, and the performance of critical control points (CCPs) were analyzed in relation to the crust type. Microbiological and chemical analyses confirmed the safety of all products, with results complying with current European regulations. Nutritional profiling revealed the superior functional value of the pumpkin seed variant, while sensory evaluation favored the corn flakes product due to its crispy texture and appealing flavor. These findings support the optimization of technological workflows and the development of safe, high-quality products tailored to the demands and preferences of consumers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Dumitrel TÎRZIU, Traian CRĂCIUNAȘ, Mugurel MUNTEANU, Marius Mihai CIOBANU, Paul Corneliu BOIȘTEANU

The anatomical features of the pheasant carcasses vary considerably depending on the rearing system, the major influences being attributed to the feeding system, sex and age. This review aims to synthesize recent data from the literature on the anatomical features of pheasant carcasses reared in natural and controlled rearing systems. This study draws on recent and relevant studies evaluating parameters such as proportions of anatomical regions and body indices according to rearing system, age and sex. Data were collected and synthesized from reputable online sources. The results show that pheasants raised in the wild reveal larger breast proportions in males, compared to those raised under controlled conditions, where was observed an important increase of subcutaneous fat and abdominal fat content. The study shows that the rearing system plays a determining role in the anatomical development of pheasants, and underscore the contributions of comparative studies on understanding its impact on carcass quality and usability. These insights can inform future strategies in pheasants rearing for economic and food production purposes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Gergana BALIEVA, Savaş Volcan GENÇ

Veterinarians as professionals play a major role in the wellbeing of their patients. Ensuring the animals' needs and healthcare, however, is not enough when the whole society should be involved in improving animal welfare and preventing maltreatment and animal cruelty. Our study focused on the veterinary practitioners as specialists who should be able to recognize types of animal abuse and understand its role in interpersonal violence. For this purpose, an anonymous written questionnaire was distributed among veterinarians in Bulgaria and Turkey. The results showed that the professionals' understanding on the nature of animal cruelty was influenced by respondents' demographics and over 80% of Bulgarian and Turkish veterinarians agreed on the ability of animals to experience emotions (P<0.05). The most recognized type of animal cruelty was physical abuse combined with neglect. The majority of the practitioners in both countries have awareness on the link between animal abuse and violence against people. These perceptions were affected to some extent by factors like gender and pet ownership (P<0.05).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Stanimir ENCHEV, Radena NENOVA, Pencho PENCHEV, Yordanka ILIEVA

Sustainable production of high-quality animal and plant production for feeding the growing world population of consumers is a key challenge for the future industry. New animal farming methods are introduced, focusing on enhancing meat and milk quality and safety, in parallel taking into account welfare and preservation of natural environment. Selection conducted towards high growth rate results in breeds and hybrids characterized by fast growth but in the same time by delayed morphological and functional maturity and by an underdeveloped immune system. Antibiotics and other medicinal products are widely used, mainly to modify the digestive microbiota, to increase the productivity and growth of animals and to compensate for low immunological activity. The long-term use of these substances has led to the development of drug-resistant microorganisms, posing a threat to consumer health and having a negative impact on the environment. This review studies the ways of limiting the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, alternative strategies to improve production and animal health - the use of probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic preparations, as an effective treatment against pathogens.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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