ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Paul-Corneliu BOIȘTEANU, Elena-Iuliana FLOCEA, Mihai-Cătălin CIOBOTARU, Marius-Mihai CIOBANUElena-Iuliana FLOCEA, Ioana GUCIANU, Diana-Romina MANOLIU, Bianca-Georgiana ANCHIDIN, Marius-Mihai CIOBANU, Paul-Corneliu BOIȘTEANU

Food waste is a major problem that has negative effects on the environment and the global economy. In recent years, research has focused on promoting food circularity and sustainability. Animal by-products, with a valuable nutritional profile, offer significant potential to replace synthetic additives. This study examines the integration of beef fat from the meat industry bone by-products into heterogeneous meat products. Various fat proportions (2%, 4% and 6%) were investigated to assess the impact on the overall quality. Although some segments of the population reject fat-added meat products due to health concerns, the research aims to identify sustainable solutions that are both environmentally and health beneficial, thus contributing to a significant reduction in food waste.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Viorica COSIER, Daniel INCICÄU, Lucas COSIER, Mariana TÄTARU, Alexandru RUSU, Monica TRIF, CÄlin LATIU

Improving milk yield and milk composition are objectives of interest in the selective breeding of animals. Milk fatty acids and proteins are important in the manufacturing of many buffalo dairy products, the best-known being mozzarella cheese. DGAT1 is part of the DGAT gene family (diacylglycerol acyltransferases) that codify key enzymes involved in the final step of triacylglycerol biosynthesis in various tissues and milk. In many cattle breeds the non-synonymous polymorphism K232A, from the 8th exon of the DGAT1 is a genetic marker, with major effects on milk yield and composition. In river buffaloes, the presence of the fixed K allele strongly indicates an increase in milk fat content as a result of selection. To date, only a few polymorphisms from the buffalo DGAT1 gene have been associated with milk composition. This study aims to test the associations between the synonymous polymorphism c.1053C>T from the 13th exon of the buffalo DGAT1 gene with milk qualitative parameters (fat percentage, protein percentage, and lactose content) in the Romanian buffalo breed. The properties of 200 milk samples were analysed using a mixed-effect model applied to longitudinal data spanning four seasons. Results indicated that the season had a significant impact (p < 0.001) on the fat and protein percentage, as well as lactose content in the milk. Additionally, a noteworthy association (p < 0.001) was observed between buffalo age and fat percentage. However, no significant association was found between genotype and milk quality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Daniela Valentina VATAMANU, Nela DRAGOMIR, Maria Luiza MIRCEA, Minodora TUDORACHE, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Gratziela Victoria BAHACIU

The quality of bottled water is significantly influenced by packaging materials and storage conditions, both of which have direct implications for human health. This mini-review explores how common packaging materials - such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), glass, and aluminium affect water safety through chemical migration and leaching. Hazardous compounds like antimony, bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, and microplastics can migrate from the container into the water, posing potential risks to endocrine, neurological, and reproductive health. Storage conditions further exacerbate contamination risks. High temperatures, prolonged storage periods, and exposure to light accelerate chemical leaching and microbial growth, increasing the likelihood of waterborne illnesses. This review highlights the critical need for regulatory frameworks that address both material selection and proper storage guidelines. Public education on optimal storage practices and further research into alternative packaging materials with minimal environmental and health impacts are essential to ensuring bottled water safety.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Alexandru Gabriel VARTIC, Corneliu Ion NEACSU, Camelia Zoia ZAMFIR, Ana ENCIU, Oana Corina PRESA (DORDESCU), Petru Gabriel VICOVAN, Constantin PASCAL

This study evaluates the performance of F1 hybrids obtained by crossbreeding Rouge de L’Ouest x Prolific Palas and Texel x Prolific Palas breeds under controlled fattening conditions, compared to the purebred Prolific Palas sheep. The results demonstrate the clear superiority of the F1 hybrids in several key performance indicators: enhanced daily weight gain, improved feed conversion efficiency, higher slaughter yield, and a favorable carcass tissue composition characterized by increased meat content and reduced bone proportion. Additionally, the F1 hybrids showed a significant advantage in the thigh muscle index, recording values 14.5-17.3% higher than those of the Prolific Palas breed. The findings align with the diversity of high-performance meat breeds and hybrids present within the European Union, including 42 breeds and 7 hybrids in the United Kingdom, as well as numerous specialized breeds in countries such as Spain, France, Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. These results underscore the potential of hybrid breeding strategies to enhance meat production efficiency and carcass quality in sheep farming systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Veronica-Denisa LUNGU, Andrada Elena MOISE

Supplementing feed with omega-3 fatty acid sources is a promising strategy for improving the lipid profile of poultry meat. The study analyzes the effect of diets enriched with flaxseed oil, fish oil and microalgae on the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, oxidative stability and sensory characteristics of meat. The results indicate a significant increase in the content of EPA and DHA in meat, but oxidative stability was negatively affected, necessitating the use of natural antioxidants to prevent rancidity. These findings highlight the potential of nutritionally enhanced diets to produce healthier meat, but emphasize the need to balance nutritional benefits with product stability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Adina Florina CIOATA, Aurel DAMIAN, Oana Andreea PECE, Adina SABOU, Anca BECZE, Aurelia COROIAN

Thermal processes applied to meat significantly influence its chemical composition. Thus, meat is considered an essential food due to its high nutritional value, good digestibility and appreciated culinary quality. PAHs in preserved products vary significantly, due to differences in preservation processes, chemical composition of the product, fat and water content. These organic compounds are formed from aromatic nuclei combined during pyrolysis or incomplete combustion of organic matter. The HPLC method was used to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Following the study conducted on wild boar meat, it was found that all PAHs had the lowest values in the case of the boiling process. The highest average content was represented by the following hydrocarbons: phenanthrene (95.43 μg/kg) followed by naphthalene (46.55 μg/kg), fluoranthene (18.16 μg/kg), pyrene (10.24 μg/kg) and chrysene (9.78 μg/kg), all identified in wild boar meat (in sunflower oil). The aim of the study was to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in wild boar meat under the influence of thermal processes and under the influence of the vegetable (sunflower oil) and animal (lard) sources used for cooking.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Roxana Georgiana BOBEICĂ, Andra Sabina VĂLEANU (NECULAI), Gabriel Vasile HOHA, Emilian Cătălin NISTOR, Benone PĂSĂRIN

Semi-smoked sausages are a valued food product in Romania, but their high fat content raises significant public health concerns. This study proposes an innovative solution by replacing pork fat with oleogel and adding buckwheat flour, aiming to improve the physicochemical, organoleptic, technological, and functional properties of the product, thus offering a healthier and nutritionally balanced alternative.Oleogel, used as a substitute for animal fat, represents a modern alternative with the potential to reduce the saturated fat content in meat products. Through its structure, oleogel ensures a texture similar to traditional fat, contributing to the maintenance of desired organoleptic properties, such as juiciness and aroma. Additionally, the use of buckwheat flour adds functional benefits due to its rich content of fiber, proteins, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. This combination promises an improvement not only in nutritional value but also in the stability and safety of the product. The study analyzes the impact of these changes on the main characteristics of semi-smoked sausages, such as texture, color, aroma, and technological behavior during processing and storage. The obtained results could contribute to the development of healthier meat products, tailored to current consumer demands, without compromising their quality or acceptability. This approach opens new perspectives in the food industry, promoting innovation and sustainability in food production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Kety BALACI, Maria Desimira STROE, Angelica DOBRE, Livia VIDU, Galin Yankov NIKOLOV, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

In Romania, activities related to fishing, aquaculture, processing and trade in fish and fish products are widespread in all regions of the country. In some remote areas, such as the Danube Delta and Danube Plain, and the Danube Cluster, fishing is one of the main activities, providing jobs, income and food for the local population. In the context of increasing environmental and economic pressures on the Danube River, it is essential to adopt integrated measures to protect biodiversity and secure water and fish resources for local communities. While Romania ranked second in Europe in 2011 for inland fisheries according to the Institute for European Environmental Policy, by 2023 it had fallen to 17th place, as indicated by Eurostat data, reflecting significant changes in the sector. Given these considerations, the paper aims to present an analysis of the evolution of commercial fishing in the Romanian part of the Danube River in relation to other riparian countries and to highlight the challenges of this activity, challenges that can serve as the basis for a sustainable management strategy.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Ion-Marius VASIU, Aurelia COROIAN, Camelia Maria RĂDUCU, Ioana Roxana ȘOIMUȘAN, Simona OROS, Adina SABOU

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are potential carcinogens that are formed during thermal processing, particularly when meat is exposed to elevated temperatures such as grilling or roasting. The importance of ingredients and marinades, rich in antioxidants properties (like tea, bay leaf, star anise, red chili, oregano), for inhibit the formation of these harmful compounds.Reducing lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction compounds formation, while improving the nutritional quality, safety and sensory preference of grilled meats. The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of natural and synthetic antioxidants, seeds, spices, fruit, and plant extracts on HAA formation in roast beef meat.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Nicolae EREMIA, Vitalie JEREGHI, Tatiana MARDARI, Olga COȘELEVA, Fliur MACAEV

Royal jelly is a secretion of the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young nurse bees, used to feed larvae in the first three days throughout the larval period. The research evaluated the impact of the biostimulator “Chloramicob” on royal jelly production. It was established that the optimal dose is 2.25 ml/L administered to nurse bees (1 L sugar syrup/day for three days). In the first stage, it increased the larval acceptance rate by 12.5-27.5%, the mass of the brood by 2.4-14.4% and the total royal jelly production by 25.45-40.04%. In the second stage, increases of 10.0-24.3% in the number of larvae raised, 1.49-1.79% in the diameter of the queen cells and 41.14-93.38% in total royal jelly production. In the third stage, there were increases of 1.12-1.32% in the diameter of the queen cells, 1.13-3.30% in their length and 4.82-27.82% in the total royal jelly production obtained compared to the control group. The conclusion highlights that the use of the biostimulator “Chloramicob” in the feeding of nurse bees leads to an increase in the number of larvae accepted by 7.27-16.36% and in the total royal jelly production by 21.11-48.06% compared to the control group.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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