ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Vladimir BUZAN, Ion BALAN, Valentina CIOCHINĂ, Nicolae ROȘCA, Sergiu BALACCI, Ion MEREUȚA, Vlada FURDUI, Vasile HAREA, Valerian POPA, Ecaterina VÎHRIST

Oxidative stress has long been implicated in the development and progress of various disorders of living organisms. Glutathione is a natural antioxidant that possesses a major regenerative and detoxifying potential. Glutathione synthesis occurs continuously in almost all cells to maintain redox balance. Ensuring an adequate level of glutathione is vitally important, therefore the role of the glutathione system in maintaining the antioxidant status of the organism is essential. Normally, the formation of free radicals and underoxidized metabolic products occurs continuously during the body's biochemical reactions. The balance is maintained by antioxidant enzymes that can neutralize molecules with a high oxidative potential. Glutathione is a unique peptide found in the cells of all eukaryotes. This compound plays a leading role in cellular metabolism, actively maintains the redox potential, regulates the detoxification processes of xenobiotics of endo- and exogenous origin, both directly and as a substrate for a number of enzymes. This paper is an analysis of the results obtained from the administration of polyphenols from nettle and their influence on zinc metabolism.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Adina Florina CIOATA, Aurel DAMIAN, Oana-Andreea PECE, Adina SABOU, Anca BECZE, Aurelia COROIAN

The quality of boar meat also depends a lot on the food ingested during the fattening period. Boar meat, compared to domestic pig meat, is richer in protein, lower in lipids and richer in mineral salts. Studies have shown a reduced calorie content of wild boar meat compared to domestically raised pork, a large amount of essential amino acids, vitamin B12, D and mineral salts (iron, zinc, selenium). Since the meat of young boar is more difficult to digest, it is recommended to prepare meat from mature boar. A peculiarity of the biochemical processes in venison is represented by connective tissue proteins, which have a high degree of densification and polymerization, myofibrillar proteins being abundantly represented. The proteins in game meat are resistant to enzymatic denaturation, and that is why it is difficult to mature game meat. The purpose of this study is to characterize the composition of wild boar meat and the biogenic amine content depending on the storage period.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Alexandru Gabriel VARTIC, Corneliu Ion NEACSU, Camelia Zoia ZAMFIR, Ana ENCIU, Oana Corina PRESA (DORDESCU), Petru Gabriel VICOVAN, Constantin PASCAL

Given the rising interest in sheep meat, this study aims to explore fattening technologies and improve meat production by crossing local breeds with specialized meat breeds. Research was conducted at R.D.I.S.G.B. Palas-Constanța to test the fattening performance of F1 hybrids (Palas Meat Breed x Palas Merino) compared to Palas Merino lambs. Two groups were intensively fattened for 100 days using granular feed with 87.9% dry matter, 2570 kcal, and 16% digestible crude protein. Initial body weights were similar (20.48-22.78 kg), with no significant differences (p<0.05). At the end, body weights ranged from 36.14 kg to 45.07 kg, with hybrids weighing 24.71% more (p<0.01). Average daily gain was 157-223 g, 42.04% higher in hybrids. Specific energy and protein consumption were 27.66% and 27.54% lower, respectively, in the F1 hybrid group. Conformation and constitution indices were superior in hybrids compared to Palas Merino lambs.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Gabriela Valentina VESA, Marian MIHAIU, Oana-Andreea PECE, Alin DANCI, Aurelia COROIAN

The analysis of sulfonamide and other drug residues is essential to increase consumer confidence in food products and to confirm that the product in question meets all the required conditions both in terms of drug residues and the quality and safety of these products. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for the determination of twenty sulfonamides, epson and trypzone sulfonamides. Control hen egg samples were analyzed and any interferences (signals, peaks) were controlled in the region of interest where the analytes under study are expected to elute. Control hen egg samples were then fortified to relevant concentrations with analytes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Nevyana STANCHEVA, Ivona DIMITROVA, Milena BOZHILOVA-SAKOVA

The ABCG2 gene is responsible for transporting many molecules across cell membranes and is expressed in various tissues, including the mammary gland. In this regard, the ABCG2 gene has been considered as a candidate gene related to the quantity, composition and quality of milk yield in sheep. The purpuse of present study was to establish the genetic diversity in this gene in connection with the study of possible dependencies of genotypes in ABCG2 with milk production in the ewes of the Awassi breed reared in Bulgaria. A highly polymorphic state of the ABCG2 gene was found, with the presence of two alleles - wild "+" and mutant "-" with frequencies of 0.49 and 0.51, respectively, and three genotypes - homozygous +/+ (0.31), heterozygous +/- (0.36 ) and homozygous -/- (0.33). Regarding milk productivity, no statistically significant differences were found between the different genotypes of the ABCG2 gene.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Piroz EZIN, Ali Han OZYURAN, Alkan CAGLI, Muzaffer DENLI

This study examined the effects of dietary quinoa seed (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) supplementation on production performance, egg quality and internal organ traits in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). A total of 90 six-week-old quails were randomly divided into three groups: a control group and two treatment groups receiving diets supplemented with 5% and 10% quinoa seeds, respectively. Over a 8-week trial, key performance indicators were evaluated, including egg weight, feed conversion ratio, internal organ development, and egg quality traits. Results indicated that 5% quinoa inclusion significantly improved egg weight, feed conversion ratio, and small intestine development (P<0.05). Additionally, both quinoa-supplemented groups showed enhanced yolk pigmentation, with increased yellowness (b) and lightness (L), but a decrease in yolk index. No adverse effects were observed on overall egg production, feed intake, or internal organ weights (P>0.05). These findings suggest that quinoa, particularly at 5% inclusion, is a valuable feed additive for enhancing quail productivity and egg quality without compromising health or performance, supporting its use as a functional and sustainable alternative ingredient in poultry nutrition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Madalina MINCU-IORGA, Adrian BOTA, Ioana NICOLAE, Constantin VLAGIOIU, Dinu GAVOJDIAN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects that behaviour during milking has on production, reproduction and welfare indicators in water buffalo cows reared under loose housing system. The study was conducted in a private farm, on 102 dairy buffalo cows (6.4±0.1 lactations) at the beginning of their lactation (100 days in milk, DIM). The behaviour during milking was evaluated using a 5-point subjective scale (1 – calm to 5 – nervous), using two individual trained observers placed at 0.5-1 m behind the animals, using an 8x2 herringbone milking parlour. The animals were grouped based on their behaviour as 'calm’ (scores 1, 2 and 3; n = 76) or 'nervous’ (scores 4 and 5; n = 26). Milk yield and milking speed were significantly influenced by the behaviour during milking (p>0.05), with calmer buffaloes outperforming their nervous counterparts. No significant influence of the behaviour during milking was found on body condition score, calving interval, age at first calving or animal-based welfare indicators. Current findings suggest that incorporating behavioural assessments during milking into management practices could enhance productivity in dairy water buffaloes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Muzaffer DENLI

This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with boric acid and borax pentahydrate at two levels (50 and 100 mg/kg) on production performance, egg quality traits, and bone mineralization in laying hens. A total of 315 Atak-S hens were randomly assigned to five groups: a control group and four treatment groups. The inclusion of 100 mg/kg borax pentahydrate in the diet significantly improved egg production, reduced feed intake, and resulted in the most efficient feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Moreover, boron supplementation significantly increased eggshell thickness, particularly in the borax pentahydrate group (P < 0.05), while internal egg quality parameters (Haugh unit and albumen index) remained unaffected (P > 0.05). A slight reduction in yolk redness was observed at higher boron levels. However, dietary boron supplementation had no significant effect on bone mineralization parameters (P > 0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that dietary boron, especially in the form of borax pentahydrate, can enhance productivity and eggshell quality in laying hens without negatively affecting internal egg characteristics.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Desimira Maria STROE, Angelica DOBRE, Maricel Floricel DIMA, Lorena DEDIU, Alina Nicoleta MACOVEIU (DOBRE), Eric ROCHARD

The common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) is a key species in the Danube River, both ecologically and economically. The carp population in the Danube is affected by a range of factors such as overfishing, loss of habitats, pollution, anthropogenic disturbance and alien species. Climate change is putting an additional strain on these fish populations, altering parameters such as length and sex structure, Fulton’s condition factor. This study examines changes in these parameters within carp populations in the Danube based on data collected from 2021 to 2024. By comparing biometric and demographic indicators, this research identifies hydrological trends driven by climatic variations, and how the sex structure was also affected, with sex ratio depending on region and local climatic conditions. Fulton’s condition factor was calculated to assess the nutritional status and overall health of individuals in the population. This study highlights the urgent need for sustainable fisheries management and appropriate conservation strategies to address the challenges posed by climate change.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 1
Written by Gabriela BERECHET, Carmen NICOLAE, Soane STROOTSNIJDER

The food service industry faces a growing challenge of managing food wastage while transitioning toward sustainable practices. This research explores emerging trends in food residue valorisation, focusing on innovative techniques for transforming food waste into valuable by-products such as bioenergy, animal feed, and bio-based packaging materials. Key advancements in bioprocessing technologies, including anaerobic digestion, composting, and enzymatic treatments, are evaluated for their efficiency and scalability. Additionally, this study examines the role of digital tools, such as AI-driven waste tracking and optimization systems, in minimizing waste generation. The integration of circular economy principles within the food service sector is highlighted as a pivotal strategy to address environmental, economic, and social sustainability. By identifying and analysing these new trends, the research provides actionable insights for stakeholders aiming to reduce waste and valorise residues effectively as well in agrifood industry and in food service industry, particularly in Romania’s case.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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