ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Dana TAPALOAGA

Bread is considered to bea fermented confectionery product produced mainly from wheat flour, water, yeast and salt by a series of process involving mixing, kneading, proofing, shaping and baking. The consumption of bread and other baked goods such as biscuits, doughnuts and cakes produced from wheat flour is very popular, but the low protein content of wheat flour, which is the most vital ingredient used for the production of different kinds of baked goods has been major concern in its utilization. That is why, most of the bread producers tried to enrich the bread composition adding different ingredients so the nourishing quality of the final product being superior and best for the human being life. The present study has as view the comparison of the quality of two sorts of bread, special ones, enriched with ultra fiber and plant ester so that the consumers improve their health status. The first sort of bread is a major help to the diabetic people due to its high content in fibers and the second bread sort is a better support to human beings affected by cardiovascular disorders, due to the plant esters which reduce the serum cholesterol. The study tried to emphasize the main physical and chemical parameters of the two sorts of bread and to compare them to other frequent sorts in the Romanian market.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by B. TULUNG, J.F. UMBOH, A.F. PENDONG

Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa celebensis) is one of the endemic biodiversity of Sulawesi which is currently being very worrying population. The present study was designed to reveal habitat conditions, morphology and anatomy as well as complementary biological apparatus, feed resources, nutrition, as well as reproduction. Study was conducted in tropical rain forest of northern part of Sulawesi, where babirusa still extant. In general, species composition and community structure observed in the location illustrated that there was no particular plant species which is more dominant than others at each plant level. Babirusa is a non-ruminant foregut-fermenting frugivore (concentrate selector). Sexual maturity of either male or female babirusa is 5-10 months, with litter size 1-2 piglets. Birth weight of babirusa piglet is about 0.75 kg, suckling period of piglet is 1 month with mortality rate is 0,8%, and reproductive period after productive age is 7 years. Pangi fruit (Pangium edule) is a dominant feedstuff consumed by babirusa. It can be concluded that reproduction rate of babirusa is very low. Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa celebensis) habitat being a primary forest with a characteristic of Pangi fruit (Pangium edule) dominated the vegetation community in babirusa habitat.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Janna CROPOTOVA, Svetlana POPEL

The present research investigates the effectiveness of incorporating amylopectin starch with gellan gum in fruit compositions to develop heat-stable fruit fillings resistant to syneresis. The heat-stable and water-retaining properties of the fruit fillings prepared in a wide range of soluble solids (30-70 ºBrix) and containing amylopectin starch and gellan gum in different concentrations were investigated. The novel amylopectin starch Eliane BC-160 was studied in bake-stable fruit fillings’ development not only as water-binding agent but also for a partial replacement of gellan gum used to improve heat-stable properties. The fruit filling samples with the same pH and various soluble solids were produced locally from apple puree, sugar, low acyl gellan gum, amylopectin starch and citric acid. The degree of syneresis wad determined for all fruit fillings along with control samples prepared without amylopectin starch. During the study it was revealed that amylopectin starch could be applied in combination with gellan gum for the development of bake-stable and syneresis-free fruit fillings with high quality characteristics, while reducing the standard doses of each of the ingredients by finding their common synergetic effect on heat-stable properties.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by D. KIRIN, V. HANZELOVÁ, S. SHUKEROVA, S. HRISTOV, Ľ. TURČEKOVÁ, M. SPAKULOVA, T. BARCIOVÁ

Study of biodiversity of freshwater fish and parasite communities from the River Arda, southern Bulgaria characterized by heavy metal pollution was carried out. Investigation of the actual state of the water pollution from an aspect of loading environment with heavy metals and their impact on fish, fish parasites and biodiversity of water organisms in general was accomplished. Assessment of fish parasites as potential bioindicators of water pollution was made. For examinations were used standard methods and techniques. The studies, belonging to 65 specimens of fishes representing 8 species during the three seasons were presented. The dominant structures of helminth communities are characterized. The model of fish species chosen for examination of the heavy metal content in this study were the European perch, Perca fluviatilis (L., 1758) and Macedonian vimba, Vimba melanops (Heckel, 1837) of the Arda River. The contents of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Mn and Cu) (mean concentration, bioconcentration factors) in the tissues and organs of fish species and fish parasites (Eustrongylides excisus (Jägerskiöld, 1909) and Caryophyllaeus sp.) were discussed. The studies carried out could be used in various monitoring systems for screening the pollution on the water environment and the organisms inhabiting the anthropogenous ecosystems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Ibrahim CEMAL, Onur YILMAZ, Orhan KARACA

The aim of this study was to determine birth weights and growth performances of hair goat kids till 5 months (150 days) of age at the extensive breeding conditions in Denizli province of Turkey. The analyzed data from hair goats in 54 breeders’ flock (4 multiplier and 50 base flocks) was collected in years 2011 and 2012. The least square means for kids’ birth weight were found as 3.29 kg.The differences created by flock type, birth type and sex, except years, on birth weight of kids were found statistically significant (P< 0.01).The least square means for live weight of kids at an average age of 150 days were 27.15 kg. This traits was significantly affected by sex (P< 0.05) and age of kids (P< 0.01) only. The average daily gain of kids for first five months of life was 156.32 g. Among the investigated factors, only the age of kids have a significant effect (P< 0.01) on average daily gains (ADG) of kids. The numbers of researches conducted on hairy goats are very limited. Therefore, these results will be a guide for other researches on this goat breed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Lovita ADRIANI

Alpinia galanga (L) is a tradisional medicine is also known as lengkuas in Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that almost 80% of world population relies mainly on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs in their health care. Alpinia galanga L..) /Lengkuas found all over the world. Chemical components which give the distinctive aroma is asetokskhavikol acetate. The active compounds are galangin, eugenol, kaempherol, and quercetin. These compounds can lower the blood lipid level.The objective of the study was to investigate the Profile blood glucose and triglyseride level using Alpinia galanga (L) /lengkuas Research has done at Biochemistry Laboratories, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran, and Biofarma Laboratory in Bandung, from October until December 2012. This research used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design. There were five treatments (R0 = control ration, R1= control ration + 0.01% Alpinia galanga (L), R2 = control ration + 0.02% Alpinia galanga (L), R3= control ration + 0.03% Alpinia galanga (L), and four replications. From the statistical analysis indicated that effects of using Alpinia galanga (L) /lengkuas, has potencial effect to.decline trigliseride level i.e: R1= 21,15% , R2= 8.65%, R3= 6.73%, although the blood glucose and triglyseride level showed not significant effect (P> 0.05)

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by BREEDING HOLSTEIN OR NORWEGIAN RED IN ALBANIA?

The study was carried out to assess the economics of small (up to 4 cows) and medium (more than 6 cows) sized dairy farms breeding Holstein and Norwegian Red (NRF) breeds with reference to the Income per Farm including milk and meat sales, Income per Farm only milk sales, and the cost of production in Albania. Data on production, expenses and returns were recorded on a monthly basis for 160 farms (80 for each breed) over a period of 12 months. The “Income per Farm (IpF) ” method was used to calculate the farm income. The “IpF” (including milk and meat) for Holstein farms ranged from 1969.9 Euro (small farm) to 8036.6 Euro (medium farm) and for NRF farm from

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Nezih ATA, Ibrahim CEMAL

This study was carried out to determine Calpastatin gene polymorphism in native Çine Çapari and synthetic Karya sheep in Turkey. Calpastatin is an endogenous inhibitor of calpain. This gene has a key role on meat tenderness after slaughter, and also has been known as candidate gene in muscle growth efficiency. Calpastatin gene was located on 5th chromosome of sheep. Randomly taken blood samples were collected from 97 Çine Çapari and 90 Karya sheep raised in Western Anatolia. Intron I from L domain of the ovine calpastatin gene was amplified by PCR to produce a 565 bp fragment. Then, PCR products were digested with restriction endonuclease enzyme MspI. Digested products were separated by electrophoresis on agarose gel and visualized with gel documentation system. The digestion of the PCR products by MspI enzyme produced fragments of 306 and 259 bp. Data analysis was done using PopGen32 software. In Karya sheep population MM, MN and NN genotypes were identified with 0.296, 0.496 and 0.208 frequencies, M and N allele frequencies were identified with 0.544 and 0.456, respectively. In Çine Çapari sheep population MM, MN and NN genotypes were identified with 0.543, 0,388 and 0.069 frequencies, M and N allele frequencies were identified with 0.737 and 0.26, respectively.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Ali Murat TATAR, Muhittin TUTKUN, Halit Deniz SIRELI

In recent years, due to the increasing global warming, food security is one of the world's biggest problems. Each country is willing to take under guarantee the safety of their food in order to feed the population. In order to realize this strategy, rather than increasing the number of animals in production to increase yield obtained per animal. The most effective and accurate way to increase productivity per animal is breeding. Breeding success depends on agricultural policies applied, in addition to the objectives to be accomplished. Breeding activities started with the republic in Turkey, but could not achieve the desired success. Herd book records belongs to species are collected by the cattle, sheep and goat breeders associations. Type of pedigree cattle records history dates back to 1995. Projects carried out jointly by Turkey, Germany and Italy began pedigree studies resulted in the establishment of Cattle Breeders’ Association. By means of this associations, breeding activities have gained momentum and National Breeding Program was started in 1999, Cattle Breeders' Association of Turkey, in partnership with the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. In this program, pre-herdbook and herdbook records are kept by the Association and, Progeny Testing System are applied in conditions of the country. Organizational model in small ruminants are applied similar to cattle, however keeping herdbook records and breeding activities are implemented at the beginning stage yet. In this study, animal breeding applications in Turkey are evaluated generally.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Orhan KARACA, Onur YILMAZ, Ibrahim CEMAL

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of use of cervical artificial insemination (CAI) method in Karya sheep breed. Planning the mating plans and controlling the inbreeding may be possible with the use of effective artificial insemination techniques. In the present study, 89, 16 and 85 ewes showing estrus were cervically inseminated with diluted fresh semen from 13, 4 and 9 head rams at 2005, 2007 and 2009 mating seasons, respectively. Data were evaluated with respect to gestation length, litter size and AI success rate. The least square means for mentioned traits were found as 147.61 days, 1.73 and 57.30% for 2005 lambing season and 148.57 days, 1.71 and 43.80% for 2007 lambing season and 147.53 days, 1.47 and 50.59% for 2009 lambing season respectively. The difference between means of years were not statistically significant (P> 0.05) for all the evaluated variables except gestation length and litter size. These results have been close to the values indicated in the literature. Our results show that cervical insemination will be a useful tool in field conditions.

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