ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Dana TAPALOAGA

Based by the law of Vineyard and Wine, the wine quality category represents the level resulted upon its chemical, physical and sensorial features, established by the natural conditions, cultivated species and the applied technology. Wines designated to the public consumption have to be obtained by authorized treatments and practices and correspond to some features required by the hygiene standards. Due to the more and more increased importance of the quality of food products in the modern society, the present study proposes to assess the quality of five sparkling wine sorts processed in a Famous Romanian wine processing unit. There were analyzed the chemical and physical parameters and also the sensorial ones. The sensorial parameters referred to were: colour, smell, taste, aspect, pearling. The physical and chemical parameters referred to were: alcoholic concentration, total acidity g/l tartric acid, volatile acid g/l acetic acid, pressure at 200C, reducing carbohydrates. The result samples of the five wines were statistically compared and there were concluded upon the best quality. As a major conclusion it is noticed that the wine quality in all the studied sorts keeps the quality standards in food production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Mostafa Abdel Rahman IBRAHIM

Egyptian local sheep breeds are subtropical fat-tailed ,sheep characterized by satisfactory fertility and ability to breed all year around, but have low prolificacy and growth rate. The breeding objectives were to increase the prolificacy of Ossimi and Rahmani breeds usually in the small holders and in small farm conditions. There was no formal study to set the breeding objectives. The three main breeds of sheep in Egypt are Rahmani, Ossimi and Barki. It was recommended for farmers to exchange rams and increase crossing among the three local breeds. Crossing with outside breeds such as Awassi, Cyprus and finn. The first cross was back-crossed to the local to produce1/2 Finn ¾ local from each breed group. The cross animals were mated for some generation, and involved in a selection programmed to establish a new breed type with better lamb production. The first cross ewes had a slightly better fertility conception rate than the local ewes. Crossed ram lambs performed better in pubertal age than purebred parents. Semen quality at first ejaculation had poor quality, while it was good at 80% semen motility score. Different research experiments were conducted and many additives were used to improve preserved semen quality such as dyes, Caffeine, Sugars, aromatic compounds chelating agents, antioxidants, selenium, seminal plasma, Soybean and injecting different types of Hormone. Licorice contains many photochemical which have ameliorating effects on semen quality and considered as a versatile additive. Fish oil was also used as supplementation and could improve semen quality and the conception rate and enhanced ram fertility. Effect of different dietary energy levels were also investigated on some blood and seminal constituents and semen quality of Rahmani rams. High and low dietary energy were 2615, 3138 and 2092 Kcal. ME/Kg on DM basis. Most semen physical characteristics were high LE fed rams but did not differ significantly. Effect of (50 ug IM of) GnRH injection/week on semen ejaculate characteristics in rams collected in breeding and non-breeding seasons. GnRH treatment improved libido, semen volume, sperm numbers, but not viability. More over the administration of 80 mg (Recombination Bovine somatotropin rbST), at 14 day interval starting at 2 month of age, improved growth performance puberty characteristics and semen physical characteristics of male rams. In another trail, in the hot season of the year, animals were treated with selenium (0.1 mg/DM as sodium salient) orally ,injection with melatonin 25 ug/Kg body weight daily at sunrise, and prostaglandin F2 (PG F2,3 mg/head one hour before collection of semen. Ram injected with prostaglandin F2 surpassed (p< 0.05) the control in sperm motility, Rams treated with selenium had lower significantly (P< 0.05) semen PH. Blood components in ram, were insignificant affected by selenium ,melatonin or PGF2 treatments. Research plans, programs and factors influencing the Egyptian local sheep breeds fertility of stored semen and methods used for improvements are discussed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Ioan CUSTURĂ, Maria Antoaneta POPA, Ilie VAN, Minodora TUDORACHE, Elena POPESCU-MICLOŞANU, Livia VIDU

In feed milling nutrient levels there should be established both chicks need and financial circumstances and any variation of nutrient composition should be followed by a prompt answer in slaughtering performances leading to a competitive feed cost and so to a competitive final product cost with no change in chemical meat composition. Some values about carcass output and percentage of body parts in carcass were determined for this purpose using feed combination with variable parameters. Experiments were performed at S.D.E. Avicola Moara Domneasca during 56 days with 150 birds (Ross 308) divided in three treatments based of nutritive value of combined feed given (CM, C1, C2). Data that was obtained during the experiment was processed and so it was noticed that the best commercial output was obtained in the group with constant nutritive parameters (CM – 81.4 ± 0.53%) and the best breast percentage from carcass was noticed in the group with constant nutritive parameters (CM – 25.9 ± 0.94%) and the best in leg percentage was noticed in the group with variable protein (C1 – 27.7 ± 0.54%).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Armandina ALMEIDA, José P. P. ARAÚJO, Ivica MEDUGORAC, Vasco A.P. CADAVEZ

The objectives of this work were to assess the genetic diversity within and between three Portuguese cattle breeds using 93 microsatellites markers. Blood samples were collected from 50 individuals of each breed, and ninety-three microsatellites were analysed to get thorough information about genetic diversity and interrelationships among three Portuguese cattle breeds: Mirandesa (MIR), Maronesa (MAR), and Barrosã (BAR). Estimates of genetic variability, observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He), allelic richness for each locus were determined. The alleles were classified in three classes according to their frequency: common alleles (observed in the three sub-populations), private alleles (alleles observed in one sub-population) and rare alleles (non-private alleles with a frequency < 0.01 over the whole population). The number of rare alleles found was 52 in MAR, 33 in MIR, and 30 in BAR. The number of private alleles found was 5 in MIR and BAR, and 2 in MAR. The MIR showed the lowest genetic diversity, and the highest genetic distance to the other two breeds. The three breeds could be considered as genetically distinct populations. This study shows that measures should be taken in order to preserve the genetic diversity of MIR, MAR, and BAR cattle breeds.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Lucian IONIŢĂ, Elena POPESCU - MICLOŞANU, Consuela ROIBU

In order to establish an optimal density per unit area, and the effect of administration of a selenium vitamin-mineral supplement in the diet of young quails during 0-14 days of life, an experiment was organized on an initial number of 1200 chickens one day old of Balotesti population between the ages of 1 and 42 days. For the experiment chicks were divided into four equal groups, namely a control group (300 chicks) and 3 experimental groups (each 300 chicks per group). Following research is recommended to use a density per unit area that decreases faster during the growth, of 300 chickens / square meter during 0-3 days of growth, 200 chickens / sq. m during 4-7 days of life, 150 chicken / sq. m during days 8-21 and of 100 chickens / sq. m during 22-42 days. This leads to superior results with over 10% in young quails mass growth, with a reduction in death rate of 20%, without significant influence over combined feed consumption and feed utilization. Small differences of only 2.47% in live weight, 2.34% in average daily gain, 1.23% in combined feed consumption, by 2.72% in specific consumption and considerable effect of 3% in the death rate of the group with the same low experimental density, recommends the administration of a vitamin-mineral product with selenium in young quails growing, while used density above. Administration of selenium had a greater influence on death rate, which was reduced by 13.7% in the group with high density, equal to that of the control group.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Mariana VODĂ, Gheorghe MĂRGINEAN

This study is a part of an ample research concerning influences factors in the competitive traits of Romanian Sport horse from Jegălia studfarm. The genetic analysis studies are a part of Animal Genetic Resources Management because just start of them we elaborate the strategies for inbreeding management. This study has as purpose to present one important aspect of genetic analysis: reproductive isolation. This parameters has a capital importance in animal breeding because there has a directly influence in animal population evolution. The reproductive isolation situation was quantified using the relation elaborated by S. Wright in 1921.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Elvia HERNAWAN, Tuti WIDJASTUTI

Broiler chicken has advantages in growth rate and conversion ration but these advantages are followed by increase of body fat level. This study was aimed to reduce the increase of body fat level by giving feeding interval treatment on 120 broiler chickens aged 8 days for 28 days. The study was conducted with randomized block design method. The treatment consisted of three feeding intervals (every 6, 8 and 12 hour for a day) and 2 groups of chickens which were maintained separated by sex. Commercial ration that was given contained 23% of protein and 3000 calories of metabolic energies. Observed variables are glucose, triglycerides, ration consumption, conversion ration and abdominal fat content. The result showed that the interval feeding treatment had no significant effect to glucose levels, triglycerides, ration consumption, conversion ratio and abdominal fat but the lowest percentage of carcass quality was achieved by feeding female with 12 hour interval and male 8-hour interval. In conclusion, feeding with 6, 8 and 12 hour interval did not give significant meaning physiologically while the highest percentage of carcass quality is produced in 6 and 8 hour interval for female and 6 and 12 hour interval for male.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Tubagus Benito Achmad KURNANI, Yuli Astuti HIDAYATI, Eulis Tanti MARLINA

Spirulina is blue-green microalgae grows abundantly on organic matters rich water bodies. In normal condition the algae uses up the organic matters effectively and improves the quality of water through decreasing of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD); while in overpopulated condition the algae may worsens water quality. This characteristic has shown that the algae can be used to improve water quality up to certain population density. However, until now this algae has not been used to improve the quality of liquid waste particularly come from beef cattle production. Therefore, the objective of study was to determine the effect of Spirulina population densities toward the reduction of BOD5 and COD of beef cattle slurry. This study was done experimentally based on Completely Randomized Design with four treatments of population density in term of dilution factors, viz.D1 = 100, D2 = 10-1, D3=10-2 and D4= 10-3. Each treatment was in four replicates. The effect of the treatments were analyzed by ANOVA, and the effect among treatments were differentiated by mean of Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result shows that Spirulina reached its maximum growth rates mostly on the 8th day. The treatments significantly (P< 0.5) influenced the biomass of the blue-green algae. The 10-2 dilution factor (D3) gave the highest biomas production, that is 0.243 g/L. The result also shows that the treatments significantly (P< 0.05) gave different effect toward BOD5 and COD of beef cattle slurry. The 10-2 dilution factor also provided the highest reduction rate of BOD5 and COD, i.e., 85.74% and 75.92% respectively. This findings suggest that Spirulina can be used to treat beef cattle liquid waste, in addition to obtain its biomass production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Ilie ROTARU

The paper aimed the formation concerning the improvement of carcasses and pork meat. It includes the results of quality research on meat, carcasses and hybrids obtained by using Pietrain breed (white and white with black spots) – paternal form Yorkshire and Landrace maternal form. For this purpose, it was determined the carcasses length, thickness of fat on superior part, morphological structure of meat in carcasses. It was found significant difference between hybrids.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science., Vol. LVI
Written by Monica MARIN, Dumitru DRAGOTOIU, Carmen NICOLAE, Georgeta DINITA, Iuliana MARIN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different iron and copper levels from the compound feed over the bioproductive performances of young swine, also the evolution of the contained iron and copper in blood, liver, fat and muscles, in the conditions in which during 2 weeks iron and copper marked with radioactive isotope 56Fe and 64Cu have been used. The researches have been made on the number of 75 pigs from the LS-345 Peris Synthetical Line, being divided in 3 batches uniformly by body weight (11.5 kg). The swine nutrition from all the 3 batches has been realized with the same compound feed, the differences being in the different proportion of the two microelements (iron and copper) from vitamino-mineral premix (batch no.1 received 95 mg iron/kg compound feed and 6 mg copper/kg, batch no. 2-85 mg iron/kg compound feed and 5 mg copper/kg, batch no. 3-75 mg iron/kg compound feed and 4 mg copper/kg). The best bioproductive performances (average daily gain, average daily consumption, specific consumption) have been obtained by the young swine in which’s compound feed level has been of 85 mg iron/kg and 5 mg copper/kg. After giving the radioactive isotopes the highest values of iron have been observed in liver and muscles, moreover in case of copper, they can be found in liver. For the young swine copper is a growing biostimulating factor, influencing positively the iron metabolism.

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