ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Paula CĂPRARU, Amalia Carmen MITELUȚ

In the ever-evolving landscape of the food industry, the application of innovative technologies has become a crucial aspect of reformulating meat products to meet the changing demands and preferences of consumers and sustainability requirements. This review examines recent technological advancements in the production of innovative meat formulations, emphasizing improvements in safety, preservation, nutritional characteristics, and sensory properties while minimizing the use of synthetic additives. Furthermore, the review highlights challenges faced by the industry, including consumer acceptance, regulatory hurdles, and the need for cost-effective production methods. The potential of these innovative technologies to revolutionize the meat industry is also evaluated, with an emphasis on achieving a balance between health benefits, product quality, and sustainability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Ştefan RUSU, Dumitru ERHAN, Maria ZAMORNEA, Viorelia RUSU, Ion GOLOGAN

The research on the endoparasite fauna of domestic waterfowl (ducks and geese) from the Anatidae family in the Central Zone of the Republic of Moldova revealed the presence of several endoparasitic species. In ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus), the following parasites were identified: Class Trematoda: 4 species (Echinostoma paraulum, Echinostoma revolutum, Echinostoma robustum, Prosthogonimus ovatus); Class Cestoda: 2 species (Drepanidotaenia lanceolata, Retinometra giranensis);Class Secernentea: 2 species (Amidostomum acutum, Ganguleterakis dispar);Class Conoidasida: 2 species (Eimeria anatis, E. danailovi). In geese (Anser anser domesticus), the following endoparasites were found: Class Trematoda: 1 species (Catatropis verrucosa);Class Cestoda: 1 species (Drepanidotaenia lanceolata); Class Secernentea: 4 species (Amidostomum anseris, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Ganguleterakis dispar); Class Conoidasida: 4 species (Eimeria anseris, E. nocens, E. truncata, E. stigmosa). The study reveals a diverse range of endoparasites in both ducks and geese, with a greater variety found in geese. This highlights the need for effective parasite control in domestic waterfowl populations, given the potential impact of these parasites on the health and productivity of the birds.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Andreea-Raluca MOCLEAȘĂ, Horia GROSU

Romanian Spotted cattle, a Simmental-type breed, play a significant role in Romania’s livestock industry due to their dual-purpose nature, combining milk and beef production. Estimating genetic parameters such as heritability, genetic correlations and breeding values is critical for designing effective breeding programs. This review synthesizes findings from various studies on production traits (milk yield, fat, and protein content) and exterior traits (conformation, body measurements). The focus is on methods like Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP), Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) and genomic selection, highlighting their applications and comparative efficiency. The review identifies trends, challenges in genetic evaluations, and future directions for enhancing breed productivity and resilience, offering insights for sustainable breeding strategies that balance production and adaptability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Călin LAȚIU, Andrei ARHIP, Paul UIUIU, George-Cătălin MUNTEAN, Raul-Lucian SAVIN, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Daniel COCAN, Tudor PĂPUC, Cristian MARTONOS, Maria-Cătălina MATEI-LAȚIU

Fishing hooks remain a fundamental tool in recreational angling, particularly in carp fishing, where concerns about welfare are increasingly relevant in catch-and-release practices. This study aimed to assess and classify puncture lesions caused by fishing hooks in Cyprinus carpio across six intensively fished Romanian recreational lakes. Between March 2022 and March 2023, 92 carp specimens were captured using standardized rigs and hook sizes (6 and 8) during routine angling sessions. Hook placement and lesion severity were recorded through immediate post-capture photography and categorized as superficial, deep, or penetrating, based on veterinary surgical criteria. Lesions were anatomically grouped into four regions: upper lip, lower lip, commissures, and areas adjacent to the mouth. The majority of lesions (60%) were deep, followed by penetrating (28%) and superficial (12%). Most hook-related injuries were located on the lower lip (52%) and mouth commissures (38%), with significantly fewer on the upper lip (6%) and surrounding areas (4%). A Chi-Square test revealed a statistically significant non-uniform distribution of lesion anatomical landmarks (P < 0.0001). The lesion pattern is likely influenced by carp feeding behaviour and rig mechanics. These findings underscore the need to consider anatomical and behavioural factors when developing more welfare-conscious angling practices in managed carp fishing sport or recreational facilities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Heidy Jultje MANANGKOT, Merri Diana ROTINSULU, Delly BJ RUMONDOR, Wahidah MA’RUF

This study aims to evaluate the management of Bangkok chicken coops in Talikuran Village, Kawangkoan District, Minahasa Regency. The observed parameters include cage model, cage size, location, and construction materials. The research used a quantitative descriptive method, based on primary and secondary data collected through surveys, observations, and interviews. Data were analyzed using Excel for descriptive statistics, correlation, and simple linear regression to examine relationships between breeder characteristics and coop parameters. Results show that among 30 breeders, 60% use stilt coops, 23% postal coops, and 17% umbaran coops. Cage sizes vary: 43.3% are under 8 m², 26.7% between 8–10 m², and 30% above 10 m². Most coops (93%) are located within 100 meters of the breeder’s home. Construction materials include bamboo (67%), wood (17%), wire/iron (10%), and mixed materials (7%). Correlation analysis indicates a weak negative relationship between age and education, and a strong positive correlation between the number of chickens and both cage size and land area. The findings suggest that breeders in Talikuran Village demonstrate good understanding of coop management and resource utilization.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Mihaela Liana FERICEAN, Mihaela OSTAN, Olga RADA, Mihaela IVAN, Mohamed ABDO, Silvia PRUNAR, Florin PRUNAR, Ioan BĂNĂŢEAN DUNEA

The hygienic behavior of honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) is a critical defensive mechanism for colony health, reducing the spread of diseases and infestations by parasites such as Varroa destructor. This study assessed the brood cleaning capacity of 10 honey bee colonies in two different locations from Western part of Romania (Arad County and Timis County) using a freeze-killed brood test. Honeycomb sections containing 100 dead brood cells were reintroduced into the hives, and the cleaning progress was monitored at predefined intervals (6, 12, 18, 24, 28, and 34 hours). Colonies with superior hygienic behavior cleaned over 90% of the cells within the first 24 hours, demonstrating significantly higher efficiency compared to colonies with reduced hygienic behaviour, which cleaned less than 50% of the cells. Statistical analyses (ANOVA, t-test, and linear regression) confirmed significant differences between the groups, with high-performing colonies showing a strong correlation between time and cleaning rate (R2 = 0.96). The results underscore the importance of hygienic behavior as a genetic trait for selection to improve the health and productivity of bee colonies. Colonies exhibiting superior hygienic performance are ideal candidates for breeding programs, contributing to reduced chemical treatment use and promoting sustainable beekeeping practices.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Zamfir MARCHIȘ, Daniel COCAN, Bogdan Alin VLAIC, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Viorel MICLĂUȘ

Fragments of the descending abdominal aorta and its main branches were collected from 8 goats that died following accidents, for histological investigations. Verhoeff staining was used, which specifically highlights the elastic components. It was found that all the arteries taken in the study contain well-represented elastic tissue at the level of the adventitia, the least in the descending abdominal aorta and the renal artery, and the most in the external iliac arteries. We believe that these fibroelastic adventitia constitute an elastic sleeve that provides resistance and elasticity to the arteries to cope with the external demands given by the amplitude of the volume changes undergone by the organs in the abdominal cavity, which train and the vessels that serve them. They appeared as adaptive structures mainly due to the presence of prestomachs which undergo extensive and frequent changes during digestion processes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Maria-Luiza MIRCEA, Daniela-Mihaela GRIGORE, Elena Narcisa POGURSCHI, Dana-Cătălina POPA, Jamila YEHMED

In the context of increasingly stringent consumer demands for quality, sustainability, and nutritional benefits of food, dietary fats and oils have become a major area of interest for research and innovation. This review explores three directions in their utilization in food implementation. The structured fats represent an emerging category of lipids obtained through chemical or enzymatic modifications, providing customized functionalities. Often used in bakery products, spreads, and processed foods to replace trans fats, to reduce caloric content, and to improve the nutritional profile, contributing to development of healthier and more sustainable food products. The microencapsulated oils might have significant benefits in food preservation by protecting active compounds from oxidation and degradation while ensuring controlled release of bioactive compounds. Such technologies are successfully applied in dairy products, processed meat, and baked goods, extending shelf life and improving food safety. Additionally, functional oils, fortified with natural antioxidants or vitamins, have become a cornerstone of the functional food industry. They contribute to reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improving overall health, being used in products such as margarines, cooking oils, and nutritional formulas. This review highlights the potential of structured fats, microencapsulated oils, and functional oils in optimizing novel food products, while emphasizing the need for further research to integrate in sustainable and efficient strategies.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Florina-Genica ONCICĂ, Florina STOICA, Oana Emilia CONSTANTIN, Nicoleta STĂNCIUC, Iuliana APRODU, Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Gabriela RÂPEANU

Carrots, or Daucus carota L., are a type of root food that are known for being very healthy. Carrot pomace is a useful by-product abundant in dietary fiber and carotenoids that can be economically beneficial for enhancing culinary products, showing this waste's diversity and potential uses. his research examined the effect of carrot pomace (CP) powder at different concentrations (5% and 7%) on the improvement of fondant candies quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of these elements on the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics, color, and sensory attractiveness of the fondant candies. Our study's results indicate that adding CP powder greatly improves the nutritional composition by increasing the fiber content and providing advantageous antioxidants. An analysis of sensory evaluations revealed that fondant candies containing up to 7% CP were favored for their taste and texture without any noticeable negative impact on consumer acceptance. The research findings indicate that carrot pomace powder is a feasible natural component for manufacturing nutritionally superior fondant candies with enhanced health advantages. This ingredient achieves a harmonious combination of increased nutritional content and preserving favorable sensory characteristics.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Mitică ROMAN, Floricel Maricel DIMA, Neculai PATRICHE, Anca Nicoleta CORDELI (SĂVESCU), Stanciu SILVIUS

The literature highlights the increasing use of field crops such as soybeans, corn, and peas in aquaculture feeds due to their high protein and carbohydrate content. Romanian sources emphasize the role of these crops in reducing production costs, while international studies underline their importance in promoting sustainability. This study evaluated three types of crops (soybeans, wheat, and sorghum) grown under controlled conditions, using chemical analyses to determine their protein, fiber, and lipid content. These crops were incorporated into the diets of carp and catfish, with growth parameters and overall health monitored throughout the study. The findings revealed that soybeans and sorghum significantly supported fish weight gain, while wheat offered moderate benefits. Soybeans showed the highest protein digestibility compared to other crops. This research underscores the potential of field crops as sustainable resources for aquaculture feed, focusing on their nutritional composition, availability, and impact on fish health. Field crops provide an economic and ecological alternative to traditional ingredients, supporting the sustainability of aquaculture practices.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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