ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Daniela STOIN, Ioana-Alina POP, Mariana-Atena POIANA, Călin JIANU, Ariana-Bianca VELCIOV, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Diana MOIGRADEAN

The main purpose of this study was to explore the potential of avocado seeds flour (ASF) as a novel source of bioactive components and its valorization in the development of bread formulations with enhanced sensory, nutritional, functional and technological properties. ASF was used to replace wheat flour (WF) at percentages of 0% (control sample), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% (w/w). Standard methods were used to examine the proximate composition, physical and sensory characteristics, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the resulting bread formulations. The results of the sensory analysis showed that the bread sample with a 15% ASF incorporation was the most appreciated by the evaluators. The obtained results also showed an improvement in the nutritional profile of the breads, proportional to the increase in the percentage of ASF in the composite flour mixes, as well as a significant increase in functional attributes. These findings provide conclusive evidence of the potential of ASF to be used as a partial replacement of WF in the formulation of innovative flour products with improved functional properties.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Mariana Cristina TRIFAN (ARCADE), Mioara COSTACHE, Marinela GANCEA, Alin BARBU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) systems, incorporating carp and mussels, represent a promising approach to aquaculture that enhances environmental sustainability by promoting nutrient recycling and reducing ecological impact. The Ropșa carp was used in the experiment for its adaptability to variable environmental conditions and precocity, reaching sexual maturity at 2-3 years. Selective breeding and epigenetic programming allow fish with improved growth performance and efficient feed conversion, contributing to increased productivity and reduced environmental impact. After selection of the specimens that showed good adaptability to high temperature conditions and a critical concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water, their growth was carried out in eight cages, in polyculture (Ropșa carp and Sinanodonta woodiana mussels), and in the rest of the water body in the experimental pond the population was mixed (three summers aged fish of various species and S. woodiana mussels). At the end of the experiment, a good percentage of growth and survival in cages was obtained for both studied populations, with monthly recording of production data and testing of water quality parameters.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Liliana-Maria DRAGOMIR, Ioana Alexandra ALEXE, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Daniela Valentina VATAMANU, Mirela Aurora STANCIU, Adina Lidia ALEXANDRU (SOMESAN), Gratziela Victoria BAHACIU

Food waste is a critical global issue with environmental, economic, and social consequences. This article explores the causes of food waste across the supply chain, from production and processing to distribution and consumption, highlighting its regional and global impacts. Using data from sources like the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Eurostat, and national studies, it provides statistical insights into regional disparities and the effects of policies, economic factors, and social behaviors. The analysis focuses on the European Union and Romania, offering comparative perspectives. To combat food waste, the article proposes strategies, including technological innovations, to enhance supply chain efficiency and minimize losses. Policy interventions at local and national levels are emphasized to establish sustainable practices. Consumer education is identified as essential for raising awareness and fostering better habits. By addressing these key areas - technology, policy, and education - the study advocates for sustainable food systems to reduce waste and its harmful effects on the environment and society.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Nicoleta Georgeta DOBROTĂ, Gheorghe DOBROTĂ, Mioara COSTACHE, Silvia RADU, Nino MARICA

Organic fertilizers, through their ability to decompose and release carbon dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, contribute to the proliferation of phytoplankton and therefore to the amplification of the trophic base in the pond. The need for phosphorus and nitrogen was ensured by fertilization with chemical fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and superphosphate). The paper presents the results of research on the rational use of fertilizers in first summer rearing ponds stocked with carp larvae Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758). The experiments were carried out in the rearing ponds located in the South-West region of Dâmbovița County, at the Research and Development Station for Fisheries Nucet, in 3 experimental variants. The distribution of organic and chemical fertilizers in ponds with low nitrogen (below 2 mg N L-1) and phosphorus (below 0.5 mg P L-1) content, determined an abundant development of phytoplankton and a qualitative improvement of zooplankton and benthos, which constitute a food source for carp in the first year of growth.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Camelia-Zoia ZAMFIR, Dorina NADOLU, Ana ENCIU, Alexandru Gabriel VARTIC, Andreea Hortanse ANGHEL, Cristian Vasile ILIȘIU, Adriana Natalia VICOVAN, Corneliu Ion NEACȘU, Alina Narcisa NICOLESCU

In the conditions of the orientation for meat production of sheep breeding in Romania, the meat production performance of hybrid lambs obtained from 2 crossbreeding variants Palas Meat Breed x Palas Merino and Suffolk x Palas Merino were studied at ICDCOC Palas Constanța and a private farm. The research carried out on 80 lambs (40 hybrids and 40 Palas Merino) subjected to fattening aimed to increase the productive performance of hybrid lambs expressed through growth rate, feed conversion into growth gain and carcass quality obtained from experimental slaughter. The results obtained revealed that hybrid lambs achieved significantly higher weight gains (p<0.001) compared to Palas Merino lambs (328 g in hybrids with the Palas Meat Breed and 280.84 g in hybrids with Suffolk), better conversion of nutrients into growth gain and higher carcass quality indices compared to the maternal breed, respectively the leg of mutton muscularity index by 34.46% and the leg of mutton compactness index by 34.78% higher in hybrids with the Meat breed and by 21.64% muscularity index and 30.29% leg of mutton compactness in hybrids with Suffolk.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Laura MARINICĂ, Dorina NADOLU, Andreea Hortanse ANGHEL, Constantin PASCAL

The Murciano-Granadina breed, known for its remarkable milk production, is attracting increasing interest in Romania due to its ability to provide high quality milk throughout the year (deseasoned). The present study aims to follow the evolution of milk production in 150 goats of the Muciano-Granadina breed, included in the pure-bred breeding program of the Genealogical Register of the breed. The milk production of the 150 goats from three farms with different rearing systems, traditionally modernized in lot 1 (in Vaslui County), intensive in lot 2 (in Timiș County) and semi-intensive in lot 3 (in Călărași County) was followed over five years (2020-2024), highlighting the productive potential under different rearing and nutrition conditions. The results indicate a variation in average milk production for the 5 years analyzed of 237.68 kg/257.96 lactation days in the semi-intensive system, 301.04 kg/267.4 lactation days in the modernized traditional system and 474.36 kg/281.92 lactation days in the intensive system. Irrespective of the farming system, the milk production of Murciano-Granadina goats is lower in the specific geo-climatic conditions of our country than in the subtropical and temperate Mediterranean climates.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Silvia RADU, Gheorghe DOBROTĂ, Nicoleta DOBROTĂ, Mioara COSTACHE, Nino MARICA

The successful induction of spermiation in sturgeon species is critical for artificial reproduction and aquaculture development. Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792), a commercially valuable fish species, presents challenges in reproductive management under controlled conditions. This study investigates sperm quality parameters in P. spathula males reared in captivity. Five sexually mature males, aged between 9 and 11 years, were selected. Sperm quality was evaluated through macroscopic and microscopic assessments. Hormonal stimulation was performed using Nerestin 5A at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 ml/kg body weight in three experimental groups. A fourth male received carp pituitary extract (1.0 ml/kg body weight), and a fifth served as control, receiving physiological saline (0.5 ml/kg body weight). Sperm was collected daily for four consecutive days. The highest sperm yield was recorded with Nerestin 5A at 0.15 ml/kg, producing an average of 2.6 × 10⁹ spermatozoa/kg body weight. These findings underscore the superior efficacy of Nerestin 5A in inducing spermiation in P. spathula, compared to traditional carp pituitary extract or saline solution.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Ionuţ RĂCĂŞANU, Sabina-Gabriela RĂCĂŞANU (GHIZDAVEŢ), Dănuț-Nicușor ENEA, Alexandru MIHAI, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN, Laura-Florentina VLĂSCEANU, Livia VIDU

Among animal products, meat ranks first due to its high content of high-quality protein, high digestibility, and complex chemical composition that covers the needs of the human body. The notion of 'quality' represents a combination of several factors such as sensory, nutritional, technological and hygienic. Regardless of the breed, the quality of cattle carcasses is influenced by internal factors related to the animal, namely the age of the animal - young animals have more tender meat at slaughter, sex - males give a greater amount of meat in the carcass, but the quality is superior to females, as they have a better feed conversion, the meat-to-fat ratio being better, health status - sick cattle lose weight, thus producing carcasses of poorer quality, and external factors such as nutrition - this influences the quality both through the type of feeding and its level, microclimate and exploitation conditions, the method of slaughter - starting from transport to slaughter.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Sabina-Gabriela RĂCĂȘANU (GHIZDAVEȚ), Ionuţ RĂCĂȘANU, Dănuț-Nicușor ENEA, Alexandru MIHAI, Stelian BĂRĂITĂREANU, Laura-Florentina VLĂSCEANU, Livia VIDU

Each pig breed has different characteristics and composition of meat and carcasses. After slaughter, the quality of animals for meat, respectively the assessment of carcass quality, is established by assessing elements such as conformation, fattening status, fineness, color and consistency of the muscles. All of these elements used to assess the quality of a carcass depend on invariable and variable factors. The invariable factors taken into account are species, breed, sex, age, these determining the "classes" for the carcass. The variable factors are the maintenance conditions, nutrition, section, etc. and participate in determining, for each class, the carcass qualities. The aptitudes of the animals for quality carcasses are established after cutting, summing up several essential criteria such as the conformation of the carcass, the weight of the carcass and the portions in the carcass, the yield, the characteristics of the muscle and adipose tissue that form the meat and define the quality of the meat, as well as their distribution according to the slaughtering region.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Angelica DOBRE, Desimira Maria STROE, Maricel Floricel DIMA, Christian STEINBERG, Ionela Florentina TOMA (ENACHE), Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Climate change has significant effects on aquatic ecosystems, including the health and immunity of freshwater fish. As ectotherms, fish rely on the surrounding environment to regulate their body temperature. Elevated water temperatures impose physiological stresses, and prolonged heat exposure can compromise their immune system, making them more susceptible to infections and mortality. The capacity of fish to cope with these elevated temperatures depends on prior acclimation, but once the thermal threshold is surpassed, the stress becomes critical and may lead to local extinction in vulnerable species. This review analyses the effects of elevated temperatures on fish immune mechanisms. It highlights how rising temperatures influence inflammatory responses, increase pathogen susceptibility, and alter immune gene ex-pression. Additionally, it discusses changes in physiological barriers and adaptive responses essential for fish survival in warming environments. The paper underscores the importance of studying fish immunity in the context of climate change, emphasizing the need for strategies to preserve aquatic biodiversity. Understanding how elevated temperatures impact fish immunity is important for developing sustainable resource management practices.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Page 9 of 11

The publisher is not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume. They represent the authors’ point of view.

© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

Powered by INTELIDEV

Animal Science Journal