ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Cătălin PĂUN, Daniel GRIGORAȘ, George ȚIGANOV, Mădălina GALAȚCHI, Cristian-Sorin DANILOV, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Fish length-weight relationships (LWR) are essential for estimating biomass and assessing fish population health. This study examined the LWR and condition factors (K) of seven commercial fish species caught along the Romanian Black Sea coast between March and November 2023. A total of 4,698 individuals were analyzed, with the most abundant species being Engraulis encrasicolus (2,248 individuals) and Atherina boyeri (810 individuals). The LWR parameters varied: the intercept "a" ranged from 0.0034 (Trachurus mediterraneus) to 0.0134 (A. boyeri), and the slope "b" ranged from 2.7 (A. boyeri) to 3.32 (T. mediterraneus). The coefficient of determination (r2) ranged from 0.72 to 0.957. Growth was isometric for 4 species, negative allometric for 1 species, and positive allometric for 2 species. Condition factors (K) indicated suboptimal health (K < 1) for most species, except Neogobius melanostomus (K = 1.3) and Mullus barbatus (K = 1.09). These results are valuable for future fisheries management and conservation efforts.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Rumyana FASULKOVA, Desislava BANGIEVA, Petya OROZOVA, Ralitsa KYUCHUKOVA, Nikolay CHIPILEV, Todor STOYANCHEV

The aim of the present study was to compare microbial community during spoilage processes in beef meat and plant-based burger by monitoring the total bacterial count over several days at three different storage temperatures. All key microorganisms isolated during spoilage were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. After six days of storage at 25°C, the bacterial counts for the plant-based and meat burgers were increased from basic 4.6 to 8.9 log10 CFU/g and from 4.9 to 9.0 log10 CFU/g, respectively. On the tenth day of storage at 12°C, the bacterial counts were enumerated as 7.9 log10 CFU/g for the vegetable burger and 9.0 log10 CFU/g for the meat burger. At the lowest temperature of 6°C on the 10-th day, the total count of microorganisms reached 9.9 log10 CFU/g for vegetable burger and 9.8 log10 CFU/g for meat burger. The identification of 304 isolates showed that the plant-based burger was dominated by lactic acid bacteria of the genera Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, and Lactobacillus, while the beef meat burger contained most often bacteria belonging to Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Carnobacterium, and Lactococcus.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Dragoș Mihai LĂPUȘNEANU, Silvia Ioana PETRESCU, Mădălina Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Cristina Gabriela RADU-RUSU, Mădălina MATEI, Ioan Mircea POP

The aim of this study was to microbiologically asses some raw materials (maize and wheat) from a representative feed mill in Romania, in two consecutive years, both for the raw materials received and for those in the unit's stock; the microbiological contaminants that were analyzed were yeasts and molds. Regarding the maize samples taken upon receipt in first year, it was found that 90.9% had positive results, with an average value of 2600.8 cfu/g; in second year the proportion of positive samples was 84.3%, with an average value of 2132.5 cfu/g. Of the total wheat samples taken in first year upon reception, 89.1% were positive, with an average value of 2554.8 cfu/g; in second year the proportion of positive samples increased, reaching 93.3%, with an average value of 2171.4 cfu/g. The application of all measures capable of preventing contamination prevented the contaminated batches from entering the production process, while avoiding the possibility of contamination of other batches of raw materials and finished products (compound feed).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Ion BĂLAN, Valentina CIOCHINĂ, Nicolae ROȘCA, Vladimir BUZAN, Sergiu BALACCI, Galina OSIPCIUC, Ion MEREUȚA, Vlada FURDUI, Parascovia ȚURCANU, Gheorghe BACU

As a result of the vital activity of living organisms through the metabolism of energy substances, the formation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs, regardless of the state of bio-objects, that is, with the physiological or pathological course of these metabolic processes. At the same time, living organisms have formed antioxidant protection systems against these invasive and toxic substances. Given that these toxic substances influence negatively on endocellular, exocellular metabolic processes and in general the body's tissues, they can cause various pathological conditions and disturbances in the stable functioning of the body. In this paper are analyzed some researches on the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, isofermentative forms of this and catalase. Superoxide dismutases (SOD) possess the ability to convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, which is then removed by catalase. Analyzing the obtained results of these researches about the role of these enzymes from the first line of antioxidant protection we will obtain information that will demonstrate their activity under the influence of dandelion polyphenols.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Florin PRUNAR, Adorian ARDELEAN, Mihaela FERICEAN, Ana-Maria VÎRTEIU, Silvia PRUNAR

Carabus hampei is a Natura 2000 species, primarily distributed within the inner Carpathian arc, predominantly in the hilly areas, but also, albeit in small, often isolated populations, found in alpine regions and lowland areas of Romania. Distinguishing it from Carabus rothi, Carabus incomptus, and Carabus comptus remains challenging, as morphological criteria are not always sufficient for reliable differentiation. In most cases, geographic distribution is used as a distinguishing criterion, but this is only effective in areas where the species' ranges do not overlap. The species identified as hampei in the Apuseni Mountains is morphologically difficult to distinguish from the alpine form of comptus, which occurs in Banat. Previous reports of hampei in this area are outdated, and our attempts to locate the species over the past decade were unsuccessful until 2021. A morphological comparison between hampei from the Apuseni Mountains and comptus was conducted to distinguish the two species. The confirmation of hampei in the Apuseni Mountains highlights the necessity for intensifying habitat inventory efforts in this region. The morphological findings should be further validated through future molecular genetic analyses.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Liubov LІAKHOVICH, Olena BYRKA, Andrii ZAKHARYEV, Yuliia SOBAKAR, Iryna HONCHAROVA, Alla PETRENKO, Valentyna ZHYLINA, Dmytro HRINCHENKO

It is believed that hens of the Dominant Black and Dominant Blue crosses are highly productive layers, resistant to various conditions. We investigated morphological indicators of eggs, productivity and survivability of Dominant Black and Dominant Blue chickens in the first phase of egg laying. Hens of both crosses laid large two-yolk eggs at the start of egg laying. Meteosensitivity was observed in the majority of hens to sharp temperature changes that lead to decrease in egg production and/or the quality of the eggshell texture. The Dominant Black cross-breed chickens tolerated hyperthermia more easily than Dominant Blue. At the same time, they laid eggs of significantly less weight than at a comfortable temperature, and asymmetric eggs with destructive defects of the shell. The weight of Dominant Blue hens' eggs was almost independent of weather fluctuations, but their shells often had slight non-destructive defects. Eggs productivity was high in both crosses. The quantity of large eggs was higher in Dominant Black hens. Survivability of chickens Dominant Blue - 100%, Dominant Black - 97.5%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Elena GHERASIM, Dumitru ERHAN

In this paper data are reflected with reference to the structure of the helminthic fauna of Hyla arborea Linnaeus, 1758 in dependence on intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The carried out helminthological research allowed the identification of 13 helminth species, including 7 species of trematodes, 5 species of nematodes and one species of acanthocephalans. The quantitative evaluation of annual parasitological indices shows that the infestation with the trematode species Opisthioglyphe ranae was recorded in 28.42 ± 0.15%, Pleurogenes claviger - in 20.14 ± 0.10%, Pleurogenoides medians - in 25.90 ± 0.27%, Diplodiscus subclavatus - in 20.86 ± 0.06%, Strigea sphaerula, mtc. - in 17.99 ± 0.18%, Neodiplostomum major, mtc. in 15.47 ± 0.44%, Strigea falconis, mtc. in 14.75 ± 1.80%, with Cosmocerca ornata in 30.22 ± 0.25%, Oswaldocruzia filiformis in 23.74 ± 0.28%, Oswaldocruzia duboisi in 20.14 ± 0.07%, Icosiella neglecta in 21.58 ± 0.11%, Agamospirura sp. II, larva - in 18.35 ± 0.17%, and Acanthocephalus ranae was recorded in 23.74 ± 0.02% of cases.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Florin PRUNAR, GICU-GABRIEL ARSENE, Mihaela FERICEAN, Ana-Maria VÃŽRTEIU, Silvia PRUNAR

Carabus hungaricus is a species of community interest, protected in Romania within Natura 2000 areas located in the southern, western, and northwestern regions of the country. The species' distribution in the southern and northwestern parts is restricted to sandy soils, while in the western region, it has been identified on a very small area near the Romania-Serbia border, close to the town of Jamu Mare. Near Timișoara, the species was first mentioned by Breuning in 1933 at Remetea Mică and Mașloc, locations where it has not been found since that time. In recent years, we have identified and monitored the presence of a population in the southwestern part of Timișoara, within the ROSCI0390 Sărăturile Diniaș area, on lands with habitat 1530, Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes. The observations contribute to understanding the distribution of a species of conservation interest in Romania, highlighting the significance of a new distribution area that requires specific measures for its conservation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Stilyana YANEVA, Gradimir GRADEV, Stanimir YANEV, Rumen SLAVCHEV, Dimitar BILEV, Tatyana BILEVA

The Lesser Kestrel often nests in urban areas, as they provide nesting sites and the level of predation there is low. Due to the drastic reduction of natural habitats, the placement of artificial nest boxes provides reliable nesting sites with a low risk of predation. For that purpose, Green Balkans together with Hiltop Ltd. created a new type of artificial nest boxes specially designed for species. The artificial nest boxes were made from PVC flat sandwich panels and aluminium angular plates. The advantage of using these materials is that the materials are extremely lightweight. The used materials provide thermal insulation which protects the birds from the high temperatures in summer. The material is practically indestructible and it is not affected by climatic conditions. The new type artificial nest boxes were installed in the territory of the Lesser Kestrel breeding colony. There, targeted conservation activities are led by a team from Green Balkans as part of project “Life for Lesser Kestrel”. During breeding season, it was proven that species easily recognised and occupied new type of artificial nest boxes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVIII, Issue 2
Written by Ana-Maria MANOLICǍ, Raluca-Ştefania RĂDOI-ENCEA, Vasile PǍDUREANU, Florentina MATEI

The incorporation of probiotics and prebiotics as food ingredients derived from sustainable microbial sources has gained increasing attention in the food industry. These bioactive compounds play a pivotal role in promoting gut health, improving food quality, and facilitating the development of functional food products tailored to different consumer demands. This study explores the biotechnological potential of probiotic yeasts, including Kluyveromyces marxianus, Kluyveromyces lactis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Pichia kudriavzevii, Pichia kluyveri, and Pichia fermentans, in modulating gut microbiota composition and improving food formulations. In addition, prebiotic compounds from K. marxianus and K. lactis - particularly fructans (fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin) and galactans (galacto-oligosaccharides) - are recognised for their ability to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacterial populations. The integration of these probiotic and prebiotic ingredients into food systems offers significant opportunities for innovation, sustainability, and nutritional improvement, contributing to the advancement of health-promoting and functional foods

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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