ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Petya ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN

The study aimed to present the results of investigations on the content of heavy metals/metalloids (Cu, Cd and As) in tissues and organs (liver, skin and muscles) of Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758), and in waters and sediments of the Danube River (Kudelin, Vidin), Bulgaria. The highest Cd contents were found in liver samples (0.80 ± 0.56 mg.kg-1), followed by contents in skin samples (0.21 ± 0.15 mg.kg-1) and muscle (0.08 ± 0.07 mg.kg-1). The highest As contents were found in liver (28.14 ± 10.98 mg.kg-1) and skin (14.36 ± 11.45 mg.kg-1), and the lowest in muscle (2.14 ± 0.64 mg.kg-1). The highest content of Cu was established in liver samples (7.32 ± 2.39 mg.kg-1), followed by this in the skin (3.78 ± 2.24 mg.kg-1) and muscles (1.29 ± 1.03 mg.kg-1). The highest values for As contents (0.07 ± 0.05 mg.l-1) were determined in surface waters, and the highest values for Cu contents were determined in sediments (204.09 ± 121.05 mg.kg-1). The results of studies on the circulation of the studied elements in the water-sediment-tissue and organs of A. alburnus system were analysed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Laurentius RUMOKOY, Wisje Lusia TOAR, Ivonne Maria UNTU, Hengky KIROH, Geertruida ASSA

Small-scale goat farm with local breeds which are often referred to 'kambing kacang’ in Minahasa area of North Sulawesi Province, which is generally one of the livestock species that are farmed by people in rural areas. Simple maintenance patterns with relatively small maintenance costs become a reason why this type of livestock is selected by the community to maintain this type of livestock. The purpose of this article is to present a scientific study concerning strategies to develop local goat farms that are generally small scale. The method used in this was a field study and combination of quantitative and qualitative approach using various data from scientific references. The use of local feed for local goat production and online marketing is an option that can help to develop this farm during the Covid-19 pandemic.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Hristo HRISTEV, Rumyana IVANOVA, Smilyana TASHEVA

A study of the farm factors was conducted in three buildings used for farming dairy cows. They were kept free in individual boxes or as a group living on deep litter bedding. Two of them were open and the third was closed structure. The average monthly and seasonal values of temperature, humidity and air movement were calculated. It was found that temperature, humidity and air movement in the buildings depend on the season, type of building and environmental factors. The daily thermo-hygrograms made during typical summer and winter days show the actual state of the farm factors in the buildings. The topographical distribution of floor temperatures in open buildings, compared to closed ones, confirmed their higher degree of dependence on ambient temperatures. The results were statistically processed using IBM, SPSS-21.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Victor NITA, John THEODOROU, Simion NICOLAEV, Magda-Ioana NENCIU

Aquaculture offers great potential for providing sustainable sources of food, thus playing a key role towards achieving food security and nutrition, employment and economic development. Shellfish (mussel) aquaculture offers a great development opportunity or Black Sea riparian countries, however, significant focus should be put on zoo-sanitary conditions and public health.In some countries bordering the Black Sea, mussel culture is relatively well represented, having an obvious increasing development over the last two decades. However, given that mussel culture is little developed in Romania, the promotion of scientific, technical and technological bases for this activity is absolutely necessary. In the frame of the NIMRD - GFCM collaboration, in 2017 the Shellfish Aquaculture Demonstrative Center in Constanta (S-ADC) was established at NIMRD’s headquarters. The demonstration module for mussel production form the basis of training activities in the field of mitiliculture and covers all aspects of the production cycle: biology and ecology of Mytilus gallo provincialis; providing brood and collecting larvae from the natural environment; design and construction of the long-line system; mussel growth and handling technologies; mussel processing and purification technologies; production management systems (production costs, market analysis); training in methodological and practical aspects of the sanitary-veterinary classification of mollusks for domestic consumption/export.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Cătălin PĂUN, Mădălina GALAŢCHI, Alexandru POPESCU, Livia VIDU, Elena POGURSCHI, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The horse mackerel is a pelagic marine species of commercial interest at the Romanian Black Sea coast. The present study presents the analysis of the age of horse mackerels at the first sexual maturıty. For the determination of age, the method used was the interpretation of the otoliths, these are bone structures located in the inner ear. Age of sexual maturity of horse mackerel is 1-2 years. As a general rule, a fish population is considered to be in a good condition when the age at first sexual maturation exceeds 30% of the individuals present in the catch. The analyzed periods were 2012-2015 and 2016-2017. In the period 2012-2015, the percentage of the age of the first sexual maturation exceeded the 30% threshold compared to the 2016-2017 period when a decrease was recorded. The reduction is mostly due to fishing pressure on these species. In conclusion, it can be said that the horse mackerel population on the Romanian Black Sea coast is not in good condition status, and measures are needed to conserve the population.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Ylli BIÇOKU, Klodiana ZHUBI , Irena GJIKA, Veis SELAMI, Vullnet GJOLLA

This is an exploratory survey, aiming at assessing agricultural advisors training needs and their priorities. Data were collected through a questionnaire mailed to the 66 advisors and the method of data analysis used was the descriptive statistics. All advisors reported they needed more trainings on extension methods & activities, and agricultural practices before they could disseminate the innovations. 67-86% of the advisors stated as important and very important the trainings on extension methods and activities, while 84-90% of them ranked the agricultural practices as important and very important. Less experienced advisors are more interested in the agricultural practices compare with more experienced ones. The majority of respondents (59.1%) indicated that they prefer to receive in- service training during spring. Most of the advisors (63.6%) indicated that the main reason for training is to get acquainted with new technologies to disseminate them to the farmers. The advisors would prefer to receive in-service training on new technologies from the Agricultural Technology transfer Centres (63.6%) and from Agricultural University on plant protection (42.9%).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Mihaela MOCANU, Lucian OPREA, Anca Nicoleta CORDELI (SĂVESCU), Mirela CREȚU

Currently, in the continental and marine waters of the Earth, there are over 33,400 species of fish. Over time, naturalists, and specialists in ichthyology have proposed several variants of systematic classification of fish. Thanks to new methods and advanced scientific research equipment, 300-500 new species are discovered every year. This explains the fact that in just 20 years (1998-2017), 7,436 species were described. In 2004, the scientific organization Integrated Taxonomic Information System published ITIS Report, in which a complete taxonomic hierarchy of the genus Alosa is presented. Alosa immaculata (Pontic shad), is an important fish species in the ecological system of the Danube-Delta-Black Sea, with a significant economic value due to the high catches and to the nutritional qualities of meat. The knowledge of the essential elements regarding the biology and the exploitation of the species contributes to ensuring the necessary information for the conservation of the species and the management of the stocks. The current level of knowledge on the biology of the Pontic shad is known from the researches of the Romanian and Russian specialists from the years 1960-1970, but in the last 30 years, numerous changes have occurred in the environmental and exploitation conditions of the species. In this context, the aim of this paper is to present as updated information as possible regarding the biology and exploitation of the Pontic shad, under the new environmental conditions, to meet the current objective of species conservation in the requirements of the sustainable exploitation of the stocks.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Daniela Cristina IBĂNESCU, Adina POPESCU, Ion VASILEAN

In this paper it analyzed the dynamics of fishing catches in the waters of Romania where commercial fishing is allowed and regulated, in the period 2008 - 2018. Data on fishing catches are taken from the official website of the National Agency of Fisheries and Aquaculture and processed. These data come from the commercial fishing reports, drawn up annually. From a quantitative point of view, in the period 2008 - 2018 the situation of recorded catches varied between a minimum of 2457 tons recorded in 2010 and a maximum of 3868.51 tons recorded in 2016. The main species caught in the inland waters of Romania in 2008 - 2018 were the following: Prussian carp (41.74%), Freshwater bream (11.66%), Pontic shad (10.53%), Roach (6.77%), Carp (5.46%), Wels catfish (5.01%), Pikeperch (4.29%), Northern pike (3.89%). The results of the paper are intended to be an overview of the dynamics of freshwater fisheries in Romania in the period 2008 – 2018.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Burcu ÇEMTEKİN, Emine KILINÇ, Lalehan KARABACAK, Tuğçe DAĞTEKİN, Tuğçe TİRYAKİ, Ali SOYUÇOK, Azim ŞİMŞEK, Birol KILIÇ

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of hawthorn (HT) and guelderrose (GR) concentrates (65%) at different levels (1, 5, 10%) as an alternative antioxidant sources for nitrite (N) (25, 50, 100, 156 ppm) and butylatedhydroxytoluene (BHT) (0.01%) in cooked turkey ground meat stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 40C. Cooking loss (CL), pH, CIE L*, a*, b*, texture profile analysis (TPA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were determined. The use of 5% and 10% of the HT and GR concentrates increased CL compared to control and nitrite-containing groups (P<0.05). A significant differences were not found in terms of pH among groups stored under aerobic conditions. However, the highest pH values were determined in groups containing 10% HT or 100 ppm nitrite, whereas the lowest pH values were obtained in both BHT and control groups stored under anaerobic condition (P<0.05).TBARS increased during storage in both storage types (P<0.05). The lowest TBARS were determined in groups containing 156 ppm or 100 ppm nitrite, ora 10% HT in both storage conditions (P<0.05). The addition of GR and HT reduced the TBARS and this effect was further enhanced with increasing GR and HT levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, the groups containing 10% HT or GR were found to be have lower TBARS than the both control and BHT (P<0.05). It was determined that the all treatments did not have a significant effect on the L* values, the addition of nitrite and GR increased the a* values, and the addition of HT also increased the b* values (P<0.05). Addition of nitrite, BHT, HT or GR did not cause a significant changes chewiness, springiness, cohesiveness and adhesiveness. The lowest hardness and gumminess were determined in 10% HT or GR added samples compared with BHT or nitrite (156 ppm) containing groups (P<0.05). Study results suggested that the use of GR or HT (especially 10%) may be effective strategy in delaying the oxidative changes in poultry meat.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Aleksei CHYPSHEV, Vyacheslav TERYSHKOV, Vladimir KONOVALOV

The analysis of mixing devices for the preparation of dry mixtures and technological lines used for this determines the process of formation of mixtures as the interaction of metering and mixing devices. One of the effective options for mixing is step mixing. As a result of the analysis of the process, we clarified the operational sequence of actions for stepwise mixing of material, taking into account the activities of not only the mixer, but already taking into account the entire mixing unit, i.e. during the interaction of the mixer and the multicomponent batcher. The components of the energy intensity of mixture formation are clarified. The operational sequence diagram for the stepwise preparation of dry mixes is analytically determined. It made it possible to establish the dependences of the total work on the preparation of the mixture, carried out by the mixing unit as part of a multicomponent batcher and mixer, mixer performance, the duration of individual cycles and the entire cycle of the mixer.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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