ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Sofi Margritje SEMBOR, Balia ROOSTITA, Hendronoto LENGKEY, Lilis SURYANINGSIH

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of yeast and lactic acid bacteria in culled laying hens salami against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp. The study was conducted using Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The treatments were: P1 = Salami with 2% lactic acid and 1% yeast, P2 = Salami with 2% lactic acid and yeast 2 %, and P3 = Salami with 2% lactic acid and 3% yeast, and P4 = Salami with 2% lactic acid and 4% yeast. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed with quantitative and qualitative method, and Salmonella sp. were analyzed with qualitative method. The test for inhibitory bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp. used disc diffusion method, that the salami product of this research meets the requirements of SNI 01-3820-1995. It can be concluded that the use of yeast and lactic acid bacteria could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in culled laying hens salami.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Jeanne Renny AGU, Max TULUNG, Christin SALAKI, Jusuf MANUEKE

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a disruption of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism, caused by inherited or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas. This research was conducted to know the effectiveness anti-diabetic activity of Ulomoides dermestoides. Thirty-five rats were divided into 7 treatment groups with five in each group. Rats were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal alloxan. The result of experiment for 14 days showed that distribution of ½ and 1 part of larvae reduced blood glucose levels by 45.51 and 59.92%, respectively. While giving½and 1 part of imago reduced blood glucose level by 65.81 and 76.46%, respectively. This research showed that Ulomoides dermestoides has anti-diabetic potential in the diabetic rats.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Muzaffer DENLI, Simten YESILMEN ALP, Aydin VURAL

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary oregano essential oils (OEO) on performance, egg quality and eggshell bacterial contamination in laying hens housed in free-range system. A totally of 300, 31 weeks of age laying hens (Atak-S) were allocated into two groups: negative control (NC; basal diet) and oregano essential oils (basal diets plus 150 mg/kg oregano essential oils) for 6 months. Totally 30 eggs were collected from each trial group on the last day of each week to determine the egg quality characteristics during the experiment. The highest egg weight and lowest feed conversion ratio were measured in OEO group compared to control (P<0.05). OEO significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of eggshell contaminated with the contamination of Enterobacteria, Coliform and Escherichia coli. However, no significant differences on egg quality parameters were noticed between OEO and control groups throughout the experiment (P>0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of OEO to diet may reduce the total bacteria contamination on the egg shell surface obtained laying hens housed in free range systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Mirela CREȚU, Lorena DEDIU, Angelica DOCAN, Victor CRISTEA Raluca Cristina ANDREI (GURIENCU)

In this study we investigate the effect of different feeding levels (FL1-2.5%BW day-1, FL2- 3%BW day-1, FL3-3.5% BW day-1, FL4-4 %BW day-1, FL5-4.5 %BW day-1 and, ad libitum-FL6) on the growth performance, morphologic indexes and body composition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. 360 juvenile rainbow trout (34.17±0.11 g, mean±SD) were randomly distributed to 12 rearing units for 44 days. At the end of the trial period, the ANOVA test showed that growth performance was significantly affected by feeding levels (p<0.05). Final mean body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate(SGR) increased with increasing feeding level. Feed conversio rate (FCR) was below 0.7 for all groups, except FL6 were FCR registered a value of 0.83 (g/g). The protein efficiency ratio was significantly affected by the feeding level (p<0.05) and the best value was obtained for FL1 group (2.59±0.05 g/g). Significant changes (p<0.05) in ash, protein, lipids, and water content were observed at the end of the experimental period. Protein and lipids contents of rainbow trout meat increased with increasing feeding level, while moisture content and ash significantly decreased. Also, this increasing trend was observed in terms of the hepatosomatic index, but without significant differences between groups (p>0.05). The viscerosomatic index of fish the FL1, FL2, and FL3 was significantly lower than those from FL4, FL5, and FL6. Based on the obtained results, it is recommended, from an economic point of view, a feeding level of 2.5 % BW day-1 as optimum for rainbow trout, reared in a recirculating aquaculture system, from 30g to 130 g.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Madalina MINCU, Dinu GAVOJDIAN, Ioana NICOLAE, Constantin VLAGIOIU

The widely growing interest in animal welfare has placed many livestock production practices such as disbudding or dehorning, under enhanced scrutiny. Disbudding is a commonly applied procedure that eases the management of cattle, having welfare implications given that the integrity of the animal is impaired. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of horns on production and reproduction efficiency and welfare of dairy cows. A total of 34 Romanian Black and White cows managed under identical conditions, were either horned (n = 17) or polled as a result of disbudding as calves (n = 17) and kept mixed, being housed in tied stanchion barns. Horns presence significantly influenced (p≤0.05) body condition score, with horned cows having higher fat deposits and maintaining better condition during lactation, compared to polled animals. However, no significant influence (p≥0.05) of horns was found on fertility traits, coat cleanliness, mastitis and retained placenta incidence or integuments alterations.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Joseph Joseph OKOH, Samuel MBAP, Yusuf MANCHA, Tahir IBRAHIM

The influence of plumage colour on measureable attributes of 6176 adult indigenous chickens of mixed sex from four states of the North Central Zone of Nigeria namely; Nasarawa, Niger, Benue, Kogi and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja were assessed. The overall average body weight of the chickens was 1.95±0.03kg. The body weights of black, white, black/white, brown, black/brown, grey and mottled chicken however were 1.87±0.04, 1.94±0.04, 1.95±0.03, 1.93±0.03, 2.01±0.04, 1.96±0.04 and 1.94±0.14 kg respectively. Only body length did not vary by plumage colour. The others; body weight and width, shank, comb and breast length, breast height (P<0.001), beak and wing lengths (P<0.001) varied significantly. Generally, no colour was out rightly superior to others in all body measurements. However, body weight and breast height were both highest in black/brown chickens which also had the second highest breast length. Body width, shank, beak, comb and wing lengths were highest in grey chickens but lowest in those with white colour and combinations. Egg qualities were on the other hand mostly lowest in grey chickens. In selection for genetic improvement in body measurements, black/brown and grey chickens should be favoured. However, in view of the known negative relationship between body weight and egg attributes, selection in favour of grey plumage may result in chickens of poor egg attributes. Therefore, grey chickens should be selected against egg quality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Mirela CREȚU, Raluca Cristina ANDREI (GURIENCU), Lorena DEDIU, Angelica DOCAN, Mihaela MOCANU

Study of the physiological and haematological characteristics of cultured fish represents an important tool in monitoring environmental quality, physiological status and the health condition of fish. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the leukocyte reaction of rainbow trout after applying short periods of starvation (2 days and 4 days) and re- feeding with different dietary protein levels. Six experimental variants in duplicate were created, as follows: two control groups, feed daily, ad libitum, with commercial pellets containing 41% crude protein (D41) and 50% crude protein (D50); two groups starved for 2 days (D2) and then fed with commercial pellets with 41% crude protein (D2/41), respectively 50% crude protein (D2/50) and two groups starved for 4 days (D4) and then fed with commercial pellets with 41% crude protein (D4/41), respectively 50% crude protein (D4/50). In order to determine the leukogram and absolute number of leukocytes, blood samples were taken, at the beginning and at the end of the experiment, in order to make smears that were coloured with May-Grunewald Giemsa panoptic method. Regarding the leukogram of rainbow trout it can be observed an insignificant decrease (p˃0.05) of the relative number of lymphocytes, respectively an insignificant increase (p˃0.05) of the relative number of neutrophils, while the case of the relative number monocytes, it was observed a significant decrease (p˂0.05) in fish starved for 2 days. The absolute number of leukocytes (×103 cells/μl bloods) registered no statistically significant changes (p˃0.05) between the experimental groups, while the absolute number of monocytes showed a significant decrease for the fish starved for 2 days. However, it can be concluded that application of short periods of starvation did not affect the immune defence system of the rainbow trout fish.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Lovita ADRIANI, Leni NURLAENI, Zhasa NURLAILYA, Novi MAYASARI

The aim of this study was to determine the supplementation of cow's milk-based probiotics and fermented soybean milk on blood lipids profile such as cholesterol levels, triglycerides, and meat cholesterol levels of broiler chicken. The study was conducted from January to February 2018. The method used was experimental with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and to see the treatment effects. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The treatment consisted of five treatments with four replications, namely P0 = control diet/ without giving probiotics, P1 = 100% fermented cow's milk, P2 = 50% fermented cow's milk + 50% soy milk fermentation, P3 = 75% fermented cow's milk + 25% soy milk fermentation. The results showed that the administration of probiotics had a significant effect (P <0.05) on a decrease in blood triglyceride levels and meat cholesterol compared with other treatments. There were no significant effect (P>0.05) on blood cholesterol levels among treatments. In conclusion, the administration of 100% fermented cow's milk and 75% fermented cow's milk + 25% fermented soy milk reduced blood triglyceride levels and meat cholesterol which is improved meat quality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Lavinia IDRICEANU, Silvia MIRONEASA, Anca GHEORGHE, Nicoleta Aurelia LEFTER, Madalina IUGA, Daniela Mihaela GRIGORE, Mihaela HABEANU

The trial was conducted to evaluate effects of the addition of extruded linseed and walnut meal (ELW) on meat quality parameters. For a 30-days period, 40 TOPIGS pigs (body weight 13.58±0.37 kg) were allotted in two dietary treatments: control, M and experimental E (with 8% mix of ELW). At slaughter (32 ± 4.5 kg final body weight), meat samples from Longissimus dorsi (LD) and Semitendinosus (ST) were collected (n = 3 pigs/group), and analysed for pH, colour and texture profile. The pH of LD muscle was lower (-2.33%, P<0.001) in E diet. LD muscle from pigs fed E diet, registered a lower (-4.20%, P<0.001) value of Lightens (L) and a higher value of redness (a*) by 3.07 (P<0.001) compared to M. The ST muscle have registered lower (P<0.001) values of L (-7.30%) and a* (-22.84%) in E diet compared to M diet. Addition of extruded linseed and walnut meal in pigs diet have no negative influence on meat quality parameters.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Lovita ADRIANI, Muhammad BAEHAQI, Hendi SETIYATWAN, Leni NURLAENI

The research was conducted from October to December 2019. Testing samples at the Laboratory of Ruminant Animal Nutrition and Animal Food Chemistry, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Padjadjaran University. This study aims to determine the effect of using fermented duckweed in duck ratio on VFA (Volatile fatty acid) and pH in large intestine. The method used experimentally with a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and four replications. The six treatments were follows: P0 = rations without fermented Duckweed, P1 = rations + 10% Duckweed, P2 = rations + fermented Duckweed 20%, P3 = rations + fermented Duckweed 30%, P4 = rations + fermented Duckweed 40%, P5 = rations + fermented Duckweed 50%. The research data were processed using variance and followed by Duncan's test. The result showed that using 20% of duckweed fermented had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the pH large intestine but had no effect (P>0.05) on the VFA content.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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