ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Florentina MARIN HADDAD, Ioana TOMA, Mona Elena POPA, Mariana PIPIRIGEANU

Traceability expresses the ability to detect and track raw materials, food products of animal or plant origin, a foodproducing animal, or a substance intended to be embedded or expected to be incorporated into a food product, throughout all stages of production, processing and distribution. A traceability system in practice involves systematically and continuously completing and keeping records that can be uniquely identified for each batch unit and the information required at each stage of the food chain (up to consumption). For agri-food products, traceability makes a link between raw materials, their origin, processing, distribution and location after marketing. Food traceability must in principle aim at two objectives: the first one is to provide information to product use and the second one, to contribute to the safety of the food, allowing, as appropriate, withdrawal of non-conforming batches and recall of the product. The way the food goes through “from farm to fork” is called the food chain. The food chain has several links: farmers producing raw material, food processors, distributors and consumers. One of the benefits of traceability is the implementation of food contamination monitoring programs. Traceability facilitates the identification of key products in a particular food chain where sampling of products is required, to monitor the concentration of chemical, microbiological and biological contaminants.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Steluța Camelia SURMELI (SAVA), Octavian Cornel PANĂ, Bogdan Alexandru SAVA, Nicoleta DEFTA, Paula Monica MARIN, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The clinoptilolite natural zeolite can be used as a dietary supplement in fish breeding to improve nutritional parameters and maintain their health. In this regard, within the Aquaculture Laboratory of the USAMV Bucharest, an experiment was carried out with juvenile carp species (Cyprinus carpio). The fish, divided into three groups, were fed with 1% and 2% zeolite feed additive, and non-additive feed, respectively, for 10 weeks. The comparative analysis of the results obtained for the morpho-productive characters (live weight, total length and maximum body height) revealed that the group fed with 2% clinoptilolite additive feed, obtained the best performances. Clinoptilolite in feed has contributed at maintaining favorable media conditions for the growth and development of fish from the controlled systems used. Although there were no significant differences in medium performances, it was found that clinoptilolite positively influenced the studied characters.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Valeria VRABIE, Valeriu DERJANSCHI, Valentina CIOCHINA, Elvira VRABIE

The content and quality of the dietary proteins determines its preferences and accessibility for honey bees, and represent the basis for the elaboration of protein additives for supplementary bee feeding, which is increasingly applied in beekeeping practices to compensate the amino acid deficiency when natural pollen is scarce. The use of sugar and whey syrup as a protein supplement for early spring feeding stimulates the growth of bee colonies by 13.1-14.5% and increases productivity in harvesting acacia honey by 24.7-44.8%. The result is explained by the fact that whey contains a higher amount of essential amino acids compared to pollen. The whey also contains all vitamins of group B, enzymes and minerals that increase the working capacity of bees, ensure an intensification of the queen’s egg laying, improve the broad rearing. At the same time, sweetened whey may be used to obtain easily assimilable protein-carbohydrate food (honey) with a high content of amino acids for the nutrition of bee colonies in pollen-deficient periods in nature.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Laurentius RUMOKOY, Sri ADIANI, Charles KAUNANG, Hengky KIROH, Ivone UNTU, Wisje Lusia TOAR

This article presents a brief study on a wisdom of using insects in animal livestock especially as animal feed to reduce competition with human need. The aim of the study is to find out the recent situation of development conditions using insects as animal feed in relation to human food supply. The method used is a comparative study using primary and secondary data from various sources. The growth in the human population in many countries is relatively very fast, which means an increasing in human food needs. This increase in needs is absolutely necessary, followed by efforts to increase food production. On the other hand, the expected increasing in human population from 6.9 billion in mid-2011 to 9.3 billion in 2050 requires various breakthroughs in preparing sufficient food. The use of insects as animal feed is not functioning only as an alternative feed but is an option that could contribute to decreasing competition of food need in relation with human population numbers in the world that are raised in various parts of the world today. Livestock business like this is not only oriented to business but on efforts to build and have insight into the environment. The conclusion is that the development of good insect cultivation needs to be developed even with simple methods to be applied in farms today by considering environmental management aspects.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Marius Mihai CIOBANU, Mugurel MUNTEANU, Alina Narcisa POSTOLACHE, Paul Corneliu BOIȘTEANU

Heavy metals are prevalent in the environment and often are encountered in the food supply chain. Their presence in large game meat is commonly caused by environmental pollution and hunting techniques (ammunition for hunting), and the intake of such contaminated sub-products has demonstrated an adverse effect on consumers 'health. Regularly, the literature makes risk assessments of specific consumption scenarios regarding possible health risks to extreme game meat consumers (i.e. hunters and their family members). Therefore, tracking this metals concentration in game meat and the updated situation (especially Cd, Pb) is necessary to ensure compliance with food safety regulations and consequent consumer and environmental protection, reason for which this review addresses various gaps in current awareness (knowledge and research) on the accumulation of metal pollutants in commercially processed and consumed big game meat worldwide.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Gabriela Maria BACI, Adela Ramona MOISE, Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN

In recent years, the scientific community has been focused on developing feasible platforms to obtain recombinant proteins in order to meet the high demand. There is a wide range of bioreactors that are currently used for this purpose, as bacteria, yeast, mammalian, plant or insect cells. In this regard, decades of dedicated research have shown that the insect biotechnology field is showing the most promising results. In this direction, Bombyx mori exhibits a great potential as a bioreactor to produce target proteins as it possesses various advantages. As expression host, Bombyx mori cells provide optimal post-translational modifications and display a remarkable ability to produce in a short period a great amount of proteins. In this review we discuss progress and we highlight the potential of using transgenic Bombyx mori as a biotechnological platform to obtain both target proteins and to produce enhanced silk fibres. The versatility and the feasibility of transgenic Bombyx mori have been outlined by studies that reported the successful production of human proteins like adiponectin, animal proteins, virus-derived proteins and enhanced silk threads.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Elena ILIȘIU, Cristian-Vasile ILIȘIU, Ion-Dumitru CHIRTEȘ, Vasile-Călin ILIȘIU, Aurel GĂLĂȚAN, Daniela-Rodica MARE

The present study was conducted to determine eye muscle (M. Longissimus dorsi) properties of lambs from two genotypes. The depth, eye muscle area and eye muscle perimeter of Longissimus dorsi and thickness of fat covering this muscle using ultrasonic scan was determined using ultrasonic measurements from 118 lambs taken from the two different genotypes - 80 heads from Tsigai - rusty variety (40 female and 40 male) and 38 heads (30 female and 8 male) from Suffolk (50%) x German Blackface (37.5%) x Tsigai (12.5%).The animals were fed with different diets. Birth weight was significantly (p<0.05) affected by breed and sex. Likewise, weaning weight and weight at 5 months was found to be significantly affected by sex and breed. Mean for ultrasound measurements of eye muscle properties were highly significant (p<0.001; p<0.01) for eye muscle depth at 12 rib, eye muscle area at 12 rib and 3-4 lumbar vertebrae, and for backfat thickness in the two points; significant differences (p<0.05) were found for eye muscle depth and area at 3-4 lumbar vertebra, but no significant differences were found for eye muscle perimeter (p>0.05). The lamb sex and breed was found to be significant variable for eye muscle area and the lamb diet for eye depth at 3-4 lumbar vertebrae. Regarding the phenotypic correlations between ultrasound measurements with weight at 5 months, from a total of 45 traits couples, 46.66% are small correlation (0.00-0.30), 26.67% are medium to high correlations (0.31- 0.60) and high correlations recorded 26.67% (0.61-1.00). Due to the lack of labor in agriculture, in the last years many sheep breeders do not want to milk the sheep, they prefer to let the lambs graze along with their mothers, so that the lambs are marketed at the age of 4-5 months. It is extremely difficult to take measurements on carcasses in these regions as lambs are mainly marketed or slaughtered as small groups or individually and abattoirs do not record any measurements on carcasses characteristics. In this situation, information on body composition of lambs can be obtained practically by ultrasonic measurements on live animals. When combined in a breeding program with lamb weight at 5 months or market weights, these measurements will provide a way to increase both meat yield and the quality of lambs.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Razvan Mihail RADU-RUSU, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, François DJITIE KOUATCHO, Gabriel Vasile HOHA, Ana LEAHU, Mircea OROIAN, Sorina ROPCIUC, Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU,Claudia PÂNZARU

The research carried on a comparative assessment of chicken meat texture using both histological and instrumental – rheological techniques, in order to find out certain correlations between the methods and the possibility to predict one in relation with another. Therefore, 50 samples of Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles, issued from 50 individuals of Cobb-500 chicken broilers were submitted to paraffin inclusion technique followed by microscopic measurements (Motic Image 3+ software after image acquiring at 400 x magnification), respectively to rheological analysis, using a common Adams consistometer and a Perten Instruments texturometer with Warner-Bratzler shear chamber. The histometric values in Pectoralis minor muscles oscillated between 25.18 and 44.37 μm thickness of myocites, a muscle density of 579-683 fibers/sqmm of muscle and a proportion of pure muscular tissue of 62.51% vs. 37.49% connective elements. In Pectoralis major muscles, the proportion of pure muscular tissue reached 59.83% while the connective compounds represented 40.17%, which corresponded to a density of 405-669 fibers/sqmm of muscle and to a myocites thickness within the 28.63-47.19 μm limits. These findings were consistent and highly positive correlated (0.89) with the Warner-Bratzler shear force values (47.10 Newtons in Pectoralis major and 42.63 Newtons in Pectoralis minor muscles) or moderate negatively correlated (-0.53) with the Adams consistency (1,8 Adams units in M. Pectoralis minor and 1,2 Adams units in M. Pectoralis major). Therefore, shear force instrumental assessments could be used as predictors for the histological properties of the meat, including for the tissual composition of muscles (pure muscular vs. connective tissue participation in meat structure).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Steluța Camelia SURMELI (SAVA), Monica Paula MARIN, Gratziela Victoria BAHACIU, Nela DRAGOMIR, Bogdan Alexandru SAVA, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

In 2016, the global aquaculture was 46.82%of total fish production, which means 80 million tonnes of 170.9 million tonnes. Latest researches highlighted that using the natural zeolites in aquaculture in order to maximize the use of resources (water, food, species) and to ensure the lowest negative impact on the environmentwas the most viable solution. The studies on zeolites use, clinoptilolitein particular, were focused on their use as feed additives (up to 2.5% concentration) and also as water quality improvers; this is mainly due to their ability to remove ammonia, its compounds and heavy metals, to reduce water hardness and to consequently prevent diseases and decrease the losses on fish population. A practical and efficient use of natural zeolites in aquaculture will determine increased economic efficiency.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Mihaela SĂRĂCILĂ, Tatiana Dumitra PANAITE, Arabela UNTEA, Iulia VĂRZARU, Dumitru DRĂGOTOIU, Rodica Diana CRISTE

The paper aimed to characterize sea buckthorn meal (SBTM) and to assess his effect in the diet of hea t- stressed broiler (32˚C). A total of 60 Cobb 500 broiler chicks were assigned in two groups (C, E) which included in the diet corn and soybean meal as main ingredients. Compared with the C diet, the experimental diet (E diet) included the addition of 1% of SBTM. Samples of SBTM (purchased from a local producer) and samples of compound feed were analysed for their proximate composition, minerals, vitamin E and antioxidant activity. A 5-day balance sheet study was conducted on broilers in the grower stage (week 4) and in the finisher stage (week 6). Performance parameters (0-42 days) were recorded. Results showed that SBTM had an important concentration of polyphenols (11.65 mg/g GAE), lutein and zeaxanthin (91.80 mg/kg), expressing a high antioxidant capacity (99.84 mM ascorbic acid equivalent, 92.1 mM vitamin E equivalent). Dietary SBTM is a valuable by-product which can be used in broiler diet without negatively affecting the coefficients of apparent absorption of nutrients and performance, even in heat stress conditions.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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