ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Radoslava ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN

In the spring of 2020, ecoparasitological studies were conducted on 30 specimens of common nase (Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus, 1758)) from the freshwater ecosystem Danube River near Kudelin village, northwestern Bulgaria. Two parasite species were determined. One species - Proteocephalus torulosus (Batsch, 1786), juvenile, belongs to the class Cestoda. The other one - Contracaecum sp., larvae, belongs to the class Nematoda. C. nasus is a new host for P. torulosus in the studied area. In the study, Contracaecum sp., larvae was a core parasite species (P% = 90.00) in the component community of C. nasus from the Danube River (Kudelin). For Contracaecum sp. larvae, the highest mean intensity (MI = 18.15) and the highest mean abundance (MA = 16.33) were found.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Cătălin PĂUN, Daniela BĂNARU, George ȚIGANOV, Mădălina GALAȚCHI, Monica Paula MARIN, Livia VIDU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Due to the current situation when we observe numerous climate changes, manifested by rising air and seawater temperatures, there have been observed also, changes in recent years regarding the biology aspects of some fish species from the Romanian Black Sea coast. Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) - horse mackerel, having economic importance it is necessary to observe its biology in order to develop an appropriate management required by the changes observed at the population level. This paper presents results on temporal variations of total length and weight, age composition, growth parameters and sex ratio of the Mediterranean horse mackerel from the Romanian Black Sea coast. Data were collected from commercial trap net catch and from pelagic trawl expeditions in the period 2018-2020. Significant differences were observed between the length distribution and the stations, with the specification that in 2020 individuals from classes of smaller lengths predominated compared to previous years.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Izabela OPREA

Our present work has as first objective an overview of the conceptual terminology following an onomasiological approach which allows us to work with the '’term’’ as main linguistic tool in the animal science language. Due to the fact that animal science terminology is a '’weak’’ terminology, most of its terms being taken from the general language, acting as terms only in specialized contexts, our second objective will be to make an analysis of animal science terms using not only onomasiology but also conceptual frames. Thus, we shall analyse the notions of domain shown by different theoretical models, such as the domain of knowledge, the domain of application, the domain of origin, etc. Afterwards, we will present logical and ontological relations in the conceptual system of animal science language.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Ion BALAN, Gheorghe BORONCIUC, Vladimir BUZAN, Nicolae ROŞCA, Ion MEREUŢA, Iulia CAZACOV, Alexandru DUBALARI, Irina BLÎNDU, Nicolai FIODOROV

Increasing the efficiency of reproduction of farm animals is possible through the use of progressive cryotechnology. Numerous studies have been devoted to this problem. However, a significant number of cells do not restore their functional activity after deconservation, which hinders a fuller use of the genetic potential of high-value breeding animals. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to determine the optimal technological parameters of cryopreservation. To achieve the intended goal, experiments were carried out to determine: the optimal rate of cooled semen up to 4°C, the temperature of the fluoroplastic plate, the duration of cooling of bull sperm after diluting it with mediums containing various cryoprotective agents. It has been established that when developing new mediums, it is necessary to use the optimal modes of cryopreservation of sperm of different types of farm animals. The results presented in this paper allow us to understand that cryotechnologies should be developed taking into account the features of the frozen object and the physicochemical properties of the components of protective mediums.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Sajid HAMEED, Saima MASOOD, Hafsa ZANEB, Muhammad Sarwar KHAN, Muhammad YOUNIS, Muhammad AVAIS, Zahid KAMRAN, Umer FAROOQ, Mirza Imran SHAHZAD, Moazzam JAVED, Muhammad QUMAR

Animal conservation and improvement programs for any species or breed require the basic knowledge of its reproductive anatomy, histology and physiology. The present study has been devised with an objective to determine interrelationships between body weight, various orchidometric, fresh seminal, and post thaw seminal attributes for Nili- Ravi buffalo bulls. Materials, Methods & Results: Adult Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls (n = 07) being reared for breeding at Semen Production Unit (SPU), Qadirabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan were used in the present study. Orchidometric attributes included scrotal circumference, testicular length, testicular width and paired testicular volume (PTV), whereas fresh seminal parameters included the assessment of ejaculatory volume, color, pH, mass motility and individual sperm motility, and sperm. The sperm dimensional characteristics included measurements of head length (HL), head breadth (HB), head shape (HS), midpiece length (MPL), tail length (TL) and total sperm length (TSL). Results revealed a significantly positive correlation (P ≤ 0.01) between body weight and all the studied orchidometric attributes. Similarly, correlation coefficients between all the studied sperm dimensional characteristics were also statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01). Semen color showed significantly positive correlation with sperm HL, HB, TL and TSL, being negative with HS and MPL. Semen pH showed significantly positive correlation with sperm HS and MPL and significantly negative correlation with other sperm dimensional characteristics. The individual sperm motility had significantly positive correlation with HL, TL and TSL being negatively correlated with MPL. The sperm count showed significantly positive correlation with HL, HB, TL and TSL. Various studies on males of livestock have reported a positive correlation between body weight and various testicular attributes especially SC and PTV. Similarly, semen parameters, both for fresh and post thaw, have also been shown to have interrelationships among each other. The present study has added sperm dimensional characteristics in the study. The perplexing diversity of sperm structure has always been an interest of research world-wide which has resulted in reports of its structure associated with its adaptive function i.e. appropriate fertility. The novelty of this study is that the work has been conducted on Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls, for which the results of this study endorse that body weight, orchidometric, seminal and sperm dimensional characteristics show positive correlation with each other and may be utilized for selection of breeding buffalo bulls as they are readily measurable and reliable indicators of their reproductive status. We recommend the incorporation of sperm morphological attributes in the Breeding Evaluation protocols of the SPUs of Pakistan for selection of reproductively sound breeding bulls.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Ion BUZU

The aim of the scientific research was to highlight the origin, biological particularities and spread in the world of Karakul race sheep for better knowledge and prediction of the impact of using this race as an breeding ameliorating raceand improve the morpho-productive qualities of local races. The research was conducted based on the synthesis analysis of a number of specialized bibliographic sources, published in different periods of spread and research of the Karakul sheep race in the world. The results of the research showed that the opinions of different researchers on the origin and period of formation of the Karakul sheep race, so far, are divergent. Some researchers believe that the Karakul sheep race has ancient origins (1300 years to en) and formed in the regions of ancient Mesopotamia, others mention that it has medieval origins and was brought to Central Asia by Arabs in the VIII century, and the third group of researchers report that the true Karakul race originated in the modern period (XVI-XVIII centuries) and was formed in Central Asia by the selection of local pseudo-Karakul sheep in the direction of improving the furskin qualities of newborn lambs. The main biological particularities of Karakul sheep is that the hairy sheath of newborn lambs is wound in loops of different types (wave, bob, ridge, etc.) and shapes (tubular, rib, flattened), with various varieties of curling (jacket , costal, flat, Kaukasian, moire), consisting of elastic, silky and glossy fibers, with a wide range of colors (black, greyish, gray, brown, pink, white), shades (dark, medium, light) and coloration (blue, gold, silver, pearl, bronze, platinum, diamond, amber, steel). Due to these specific biological particularities and the demands of the excessively large market for Karakul furskins in the late 19th - early 20th century, this race was spread all over the world, being exploited either for scientific research and pure race breeding, or at the crossbreeding with some local races to improve the furskin qualities of newborn lambs and the production of commercial furskins. The Karakul sheep race has low skills in milk and meat production (low body mass), being extremely sensitive to helminth infections in conditions of high air humidity, rain and wet pastures. Sheep of this race are widespread in warm arid countries, regions and areas with low humidity, large plains, semi-deserts, poor vegetation, where they are maintained throughout the year in natural grazing conditions, without capital investment, with minimal costs. The knowledge of these biological and environmental particularities, allows the application of cautious and reasonable strategies of selection and spread of this race as an ameliorating race to the development and improvement of the morpho-productive qualities of some local races.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Yohannis Refly TULUNG, Abraham PENDONG, Catrien RAHASIA, Ronny TUTUROONG

The purpose of this study was to determine the standard needs of Indonesian racehorses for feed dry matter and protein, and also to determine the energy and protein digestibility of both local and imported feeds. 34 horses, body weight between 180-205 kg, 12-24 months of age were used in this study. The horses were fed daily, while feed intake and feces defecation were measured daily. The feed intake (DMI and PI) and metabolic body weight (W0.75) (MW) data obtained were fitted to equation Y = a + bX, where Y = DMI and PI as the dependent variable (Y), and X = MW. The result shows that intake averages of DMI and PI were 5.75 kg and 494.66 gr, respectively, while MW was 51.42 kg. There was a positive correlation between DMI and MW of the horses, where r = 0,98 and R2 = 95,86% (p<0.01). Likewise, between the PI and MW, where r = 0.96, and R2 = 0.92. It is concluded that the standard requirements of dry matter and protein of Indonesian yearling racehorse can be predicted based on feed intake and metabolic body weights. Although the local feed digestibility is lower than imported feed, it is able to meet the energy and protein requirements of young racehorses.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Nela DRAGOMIR, Andreea STAN, Violeta Alexandra ION, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Oana Crina BUJOR-NENIȚĂ, Iuliana Ștefania BORDEI, Mihai FRÎNCU, Andrei PETRE, Aurora DOBRIN, Liliana BĂDULESCU

The object of the study is to realize on and test organic apple powder in unconventional foods, in order to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. The innovative product is a macarons reformulated, with high nutritional value, with addition of husked hemp seeds and organic freeze dried apple powder. Organic freeze dried apple powder obtained from apples Gala variety and is characterized by a large amount of ascorbic acid and polyphenols, with high antioxidant potential. The purposes of this study were to study the novel recipe of macarons with hemp seeds husked and freeze dried apple powder, to study the consumer acceptance, the nutritional values of macaron and the production cost of the standard recipes. The results showed that the sensory quality evaluation of the recipe shows a very good appreciation of 3 attributes (appearance, flavour and smell, taste), which had average score of 4.43. The product is a sweet, fragrant and aerated dessert, which can be easily associated with different foams (mousse, creams, ice cream, etc.). The calculation of the nutritional value it was realised with a specialised soft.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Liubov LІAKHOVICH, Yuliia MASLAK

The results of pathological anatomical changes in the рroventriculus of a decorative peacock that died from tuberculosis were described in this article. Mixed chronic destructive multifocal ulcerative panproventriculitis with a predominance of ulcerative component without signs of healing was diagnosed. Absence of epithelialization of large ulcer and relief in this area is a sign of malignancy. Complicating pathologies were classified: rupture of рroventriculus wall, hemorrhage, atrophy of glands of mucous membranes, сicatrization, deformity. Proventricular component in the pathomorphosis of ornamental peacock tuberculosis is an accessible and convenient target for the diagnostician and can significantly supplement the pathomorphological criteria used to decipher the variants of avian tuberculosis course. The severity of damage to the glandular stomach in peacocks is due to the tropism of tuberculosis pathogens to the lymphoid structures located here.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 2
Written by Alexander DARYIN, Alexander BUSOV, Nikolay KERDYASHOV

Reproduction is the main and most difficult element of the technological process of pork production. The most important signs of reproductive qualities are the live weight of piglets at birth, the safety of piglets, and the multiple pregnancy of sows. The studies were carried out in the conditions of a reproducer of an industrial pig-breeding complex, in which the influence of the duration of the service period and lactation of sows (suckling period) on their large-fruiting, fertility and safety of piglets was studied. The most significant increase in large-fruited was revealed depending on the duration of the service period when only one sow's heat was missed. In the group of sows weaned at 18, 21 and 24 days with a service period of 21-28 days, the large size was 0.054-0.197 kg more than when using sows with a service period of 1-7 days. Multiple pregnancies of the group of sows inseminated in the second heat, with a service period of 21-28 days, and a group of sows with a service period of 45 days or more, increased by 2.34 and 2.39 heads compared to the group of sows without missing heat (P <0.001).

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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