ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Abdul Rehman LIAQUAT, Umer FAROOQ, Tanveer HUSSAIN, Masroor Ellahi BABAR, Musadiq IDRIS, Zia Ur REHMAN

This study aims to deduce a baseline data regarding seminal attributes (fresh and post thaw semen) and libido of indigenous Dajal and Cholistani breeding bulls. Data were collected on weekly basis for three months and a total of 138 ejaculates were attained for analyses. Among fresh semen attributes, mass motility was significantly higher for Dajal bulls as compared to Cholistani bulls being 2.7±0.2 and 2.1±0.1, respectively. Dajal proved to bear the brunt of cryopreservation in a better way in terms of percentage of live spermatozoa (14.7±0.2% damage). The values of libido index score, reaction time and Time Lapsed between Two Ejaculates were also significantly higher for Dajal breeding bulls. This preliminary study is the first of its kind, which furnishes baseline data regarding various reproductive attributes of Dajal breeding bulls. It envisions future studies on Dajal bulls with a larger sample size related to effect of age, season, feeding regimen, various types of extenders on semen quality, and assessment of fertility rate in order to attain an enhanced productivity.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Viktor KHALAK, Anna HORCHANOK, Oksana KUZMENKO, Lyudmila LYTVYSCHENKO, Natalia PRISJAZHNJUK, Olena VEDMEDENKO, Alexander BORDUN, Dmytro UMANETS

The paper presents the results of a study of long-term adaptation, management value and productivity of Large White sows of Hungarian origin in the conditions of steppe zone of Ukraine. It was found that Large White sows of Hungarian origin are characterized by high rates of long-term adaptation, management value and reproductive qualities. Thus, their age of life is 44.1 ± 1.97 months (Cv = 35.27%); the duration of breeding use is 32.8 ± 1.95 months (Cv = 46.91%); the index "level of adaptation" varies in the range from 5.48 to 27.20 points. Taking into account the intra-breed differentiation according to the index "level of adaptation", a significant difference between the groups of sows of class M + and M- was found according to the following indicators: "farrowing received", "live piglets in total, heads", "multifetation, heads", "nest weight during the weaning at the age of 28 days, kg". The indicator "livability of piglets before weaning at the age of 28-32 days, %" in the experimental groups of sows ranges from 90.1 to 94.4%. Sows from the category "high management value" exceeded peers from the category "low management value" in terms of "farrowing received", "live piglets in total, heads", "multifetation, heads", "nest weight during the weaning at the age of 28-32 days, kg" by 46.67% on average. The indicator "livability of piglets before weaning at the age of 28-32 days, %" in different management value groups of sows ranges from 91.3 to 100.0%. The maximum increase in additional products was obtained from sows which index "level of adaptation" ranges from 5.48 to 8.20 points (+4.99%), as well as from animals of the category "high management value" (+3.41 %), respectively. These indicators are proposed to be used as criteria for selection of highly productive animals in the controlled population.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Anca GHEORGHE, Mihaela HĂBEANU, Nicoleta Aurelia LEFTER, Lavinia IDRICEANU, Minodora TUDORACHE, Ioan CUSTURĂ

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of age on breeders’ performance, plasma proteins and total nitrogen content of excreta. The trial was conducted on 150 Ross 308 female breeders’ (21-week-old). During 6-weeks, the birds were reared in similar management conditions and fed with standard feeds according to age (21 to 24-weeks, and >25 weeks). At the end of weeks 22, 24 and 26, blood and fresh excreta were sampled for analysis. Plasma proteins were determined by dry chemistry using reagent strips. Total nitrogen from excreta was assessed according to the Kjeldahl method. As expected, age significantly affected body weight, feed intake, protein intake, and nitrogen intake of breeders (P<0.0001). A dynamic age-related change was noticed in breeders’ plasma proteins by increasing the total protein, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, uric acid and urea nitrogen concentrations (P<0.05). The total nitrogen content of excreta registered a tendency to increase at 26-weeks compared to 22-weeks of age (P<0.06). Significant positive correlations were found between certain performance variables (feed intake, protein and nitrogen intake), plasma proteins and excreta total nitrogen.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Ionel IVAN, Carmen Gabriela CONSTANTIN, Monica Paula MARIN, Paula POSAN, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The fodder for captive-bred trout contains ingredients such as fish oil, fishmeal, blood meal, peas, soybeans, wheat, oats, rapeseed, animal protein. The quality of the ingredients is the basis of healthy, mineralizing, protein and vitaminizing feeds. Excessive use of fishmeal in the market puts pressure on the fisheries sector, which is struggling to meet demand. Algae, crustaceans, aquatic plants, insects and seeds are ingredients that could replace fishmeal by helping the fishing industry as well as sustainability of the aquatic environment. In the process of feeding trout with new, experimental feed, research has highlighted the importance of several factors for the development and growth of fish. The level of protein in the feed directly affects the body weight of the trout and the replacement of fishmeal and fish oil with other types of flour and oils can lead to a change in the taste of trout meat. Feeding and control can be of particular importance in reducing losses and increasing environmental sustainability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Delia-Gabriela DUMBRAVA, Diana-Nicoleta RABA, Camelia MOLDOVAN, Mirela-Viorica POPA, Corina Dana MISCA, Mariana-Atena POIANA, Diana-Veronica DOGARU, Carmen Daniela PETCU

Fruit jellies are very popular sweets for all ages, but due to the significant amounts of sugar added in classic jellies (54-58%), they have begun to be avoided by more and more consumers, either for health reasons or to prevent certain diseases or to control weight. The first aim of this paper was to obtain two varieties of jellies: one from orange (OJ) and the other from kiwi fruit (KJ), using dried Stevia rebaudiana leaves powder as sweetner. A second aim of the paper was to determine the content of vitamin C (titrimetric iodometric method), total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu assay), antioxidant activity (CUPRAC method) of the finished products compared to the raw materials, as well as the analysis of the nutritional and sensory characteristics of the two types of jellies. Among the raw materials, kiwi fruit was noted for the highest content of vitamin C (90.82±3.22 mg/100 g) and for the strongest antioxidant activity (9.68±0.31mg Trolox/g). From the two finished products, KJ was the richest in ascorbic acid 80.25±2.44 mg/100g and have had the higher antioxidant activity (8.98±0.28 mg Trolox/g). In terms of total polyphenols, they were present in larger quantities in oranges (4.93±0.08 mg gallic acid/g) and in OJ (7.90±0.12 mg gallic acid/g). Stevia rebaudiana used as a sweetener has a very high content of total polyphenols (34.22±0.83 mg gallic acid/g) and a very good antioxidant activity (112.75±2.28 mg Trolox/g). Both types of jellies are distinguished by a low energy intake (53.82 kcal/100 g for KJ, respectively 41.76 kcal/100g for OJ), a significant dietary fiber intake (8,58 g/100 g for KJ and 6.03 g/100 g for OJ) and a low sugar content (8.35 g/100 g for KJ, respectively 7,89 g/100 g for OJ - and this is natural fruit sugar). The two types of jellies were very well appreciated from an organoleptic point of view (hedonic scoring method from 1 to 5), OJ having slightly higher scores in terms of taste and aroma, compared to KJ.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Liubov LІAKHOVICH, Yuliia MASLAK, Inna KOSTYUK, Alla PETRENKO

Avian tuberculosis is actively studied by researchers all over the world. But, as a rule, its variants are described as the main disease, when the death of the organism is caused by tuberculosis-specific injuries. At the same time, the predisposition of tuberculosis to a chronic course, allows the emergence of the so-called natural model of its association with other diseases and / or certain pathological processes. This fact is not always taken into account by veterinarians. The method of pathological autopsy of domestic chicken carcasses and the method of analysis of obtained results were used. The diagnosis of "bird tuberculosis" was based on the results of complex studies. There were diagnosed comorbid pathology: tuberculosis/reproductive syndrome at infectious bronchitis of chickens; tuberculosis/fatty hepatosis of domestic chicken based on analysis of pathological investigation. It was found that pathomorphosis of avian tuberculosis had certain differences due to its associated course with other pathologies.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Tatiana SHISHKINA, Alexander DARIN, Nikolai KERDYASHOV, Natalia NIKISHOVA

Improving the methods of their evaluation is one of the most important links in breeding programs to increase productivity and fertility of livestock. The genetic improvement of the next generation and the population as a whole depends on the objectivity and accuracy of determining the tribal value of producers. We analyzed the basic principles of selection of bulls-producers, namely the use of producers of higher quality compared to the uterus; maximum use of the best manufacturers; replacement of the previous manufacturer by a manufacturer of even higher quality; regulation of kinship between the producer and the uterus with which he mates. As a result, it was found that when selecting producers for the herd, it is not rational to justify the choice with a high index of lifetime productivity.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Olga STADNYTSKA, Bogdan GUTYJ, Viktor KHALAK, Vasyl FEDAK, Igor DUDCHAK, Miroslava ZMIIA, Ivan SHUVAR, Volodymyr BALKOVSKYI, Antin SHUVAR, Hanna KORPITA, Nataliia CHYZHANSKA, Larysa KUZMENKO, Viacheslav VAKULIK

The aim of the study was to investigate the growth of body weight, linear development, physiological and biochemical parameters of the blood of the first cows of Polissian beef breed of different constitution before and after weaning calves in the Precarpathians. To achieve this goal provides for the following tasks: to study the growth of live weight of cows of different types of constitution before and after weaning calves; to study the linear development of first-born cows of different types of constitution before weaning; to study the physiological and biochemical parameters of the blood of first-born cows of different types of constitution before and after weaning calves. In terms of body weight growth, linear development of physiological parameters of the blood of the first-born cows of the experimental group, both before weaning and after weaning calves significantly outperformed control peers, on average by 10-12%. In the Carpathian region, the breeding of Polissya meat breed should use animals with high physiological selection index, compared with analogues with low physiological selection index, it will accelerate the selection process in livestock populations and increase the production of biologically valuable beef in the region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Daria-Maria-Ecaterina FENEŞAN, Octavia Maria TAMAS-KRUMPE, Diana TODORAN, Doru NECULA, Laurenț OGNEAN

Among the factors that cause gastrointestinal disorders in animals, along with microbial pathogens (bacteria, viruses), a major impact have the factors related to diet and stress. The use of effective alternative treatments of natural origin has really materialized. In recent decades, natural products have expanded and the overuse of synthetic drugs has been reduced because of their decreased therapeutic efficacy. Zeolites are volcanic compounds with a porous structure and a complex chemical composition. Their mineralogical, structural and physicochemical peculiarities underlie several applications in many fields, of which the biomedical one has a major impact on the prevention and therapy of gastric and intestinal pathologies. In gastrointestinal pathology, zeolites are used for their adsorbent and absorbent properties, which have been shown to be effective in the treatment of oral intoxications, diarrheal syndromes, and other digestive pathologies.. This review is intended to document and deepen the prophylactic-therapeutic actions of zeolites in gastrointestinal disorders in various animal species, their biomedical potential not being fully explored.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Silvia Ioana PETRESCU, Ioan Mircea POP

Obesity has become one of the main health problems affecting progressively dogs and cats, being one of the essential medical topics in veterinary clinics. Veterinarians and nurses have identified an increase in the frequency of overweight or obese patients presenting at the clinic, and the causes highlighted by them regarding the weight gain of dogs and cats are a sedentary lifestyle, ad libitum food consumption, poor quality food, and associated conditions detected too late, of which the owners are not aware until further medical investigations. Therefore, the creation of a nutritional management plan for patients suffering from obesity or obesity complicated by other conditions was necessary to achieve the goal: a healthy weight for the pet.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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