ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Cristina ȘURLEA (ȘURLEA-STOICA), Georgeta DINIȚĂ, Marius MAFTEI, Iuliana MARIN, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The growth of the bee brood (the stage of the decapitated larva) is directly influenced by the ability of the nurse bees to secrete royal jelly. The secretion of the main precursors of royal jelly is made in the hypopharyngeal glands, located in the bee's head. After the nursing stage (bee capable of raising new generations of larvae), the hypopharyngeal glands regress and are responsible only for the secretion of invertases that ensure the transformation of nectar into honey. The study aimed to establish the degree of variation in the viability of the brood, correlated with the feeding with royal jelly from nurse bees, fed on diets with low protein intake (low in pollen). The study conducted in an apiary with 20 bee families, Apis mellifera carpatica, in autumn, with a lack of pollen in nature. A positive correlation established between the two factors studied. The degree of development of the hypopharyngeal glands that influence the condition of bee larvae as well as their viability. Monitoring in practice the level of protein in the feeding of nurse bees and the periods with greater or lesser need may be a criterion for determining the strength of bee families.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Marius GHETA, Marius MAFTEI, Paula POSAN, Iulian VLAD, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the situation of some native game species in Giurgiu County, based on official assessments, using data from the Ministry of Environment. The analysis of the official data from the evaluations of sedentary game will give the possibility to assess if the data presented at the evaluations are correct and if the hunters' fears are justified. The analyses also took into account the creditworthiness keys of the hunting areas in order to perform a comparative analysis between the real and the optimal number. Following the analyses performed, and the resulting conclusions, some recommendations were formulated, among which we mention: the active involvement of the administrator of the national hunting fund by participating and supervising the evaluation actions of the sedentary game herds, or the obligation of the managers of the hunting areas to maintain an ascending trend until the optimum number is reached.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Elena Narcisa POGURSCHI, Dana Cătălina POPA, Tomiţa DRAGOTOIU, Andreea Ioana RUSU

Antibiotics are routinely used to treat and prevent infections in humans as well as in animals. Excessive use of antibiotics in animals, especially in poultry, accumulates residues in the meat and organs beyond legal limits. A large number of classes and types of antibiotics often used in the poultry sector raises problems in quantitative detection methodologies. These techniques must be economical, comply with the requirements of the international standard for maximum residue limits detection, and be sensitive, reproducible, and reliable. Given the complexity of the requirements that such a methodology must meet, the study presents the technological advances of modern technology such as High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) in the simultaneous detection of several antibiotic residues belonging to different classes. The paper aims to facilitate the simultaneous detection of as many antibiotic residues in chicken meat in the spirit of the One Health concept.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Mihaela DUMITRU, Georgeta CIURESCU

Over the last few decades, the use of probiotics as source of feed additives in animal nutrition has increased considerably. As you know, sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics were used as growth promoters (AGP) in the animal field, with extensive use in poultry industries, but due to their multivarious side effects, it was necessary to find some alternatives in order to satisfy the consumer’s demands. Probiotics are considered one of the options as a significant alternative to antibiotics for improving health, growth, and poultry production. In our day, among the extensive number of probiotic products in use are bacterial spore formers, mostly of the genus Bacillus. The current review presents the benefits of probiotic utilization based on Bacillus spp. in poultry feed highlighting their potential to form spores that can withstand harsh environmental stress and transition during poultry gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, Bacillus spores involve more than 80% survivability during the probiotic in vitro tests, remaining stable in a fairly high concentration. Based on the information found from published articles, this review summarizes stronger information about the properties of Bacillus spp. obtained from in vitro and in vivo screening, which can provide researchers with a better understanding of the use of this species in poultry nutrition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Victor ŢÎŢEI

Soybean, Glycine max, is grown primarily for seed production and has a long history of being grown as a forage crop. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of green mass, prepared hay and haylage from soybean Glycine max cv. 'CLAVERA’, cultivated in the experimental plot of the National Botanical Garden (Institute) “Alexandru Ciubotaru”, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. The results revealed that the harvested soybean whole plants contained 26.5 % dry matter. The concentration of nutrients in the dry matter of green mass was: 178 g/kg CP, 286 g/kg CF, 94 g/kg ash, 310 g/kg ADF, 484 g/kg NDF, 49 g/kg ADL, 142 g/kg TSS, 261 g/kg Cel, 174 g/kg HC, with nutritive and energy value 68.6% DMD, 63.4% DOM, RFV=124, 12.73 MJ/kg DE, 10.48 MJ/kg ME and 6.46 MJ/kg NEl. The biochemical composition, nutritive and energy value of prepared hay: 173 g/kg CP, 303 g/kg CF, 105 g/kg ash, 331 g/kg ADF, 504 g/kg NDF, 53 g/kg ADL, 110 g/kg TSS, 278 g/kg Cel and 173 g/kg HC, 64.6% DMD, 57.8% DOM, RFV=116, 12.42 MJ/kg DE, 10.20 MJ/kg ME and 6.22 MJ/kg NEl. The haylage is characterized by pH = 4.69, 13.4 g/kg acetic acid, 69.3 g/kg lactic acid, 181 g/kg CP, 319 g/kg CF, 126 g/kg ash, 334 g/kg ADF, 510 g/kg NDF, 42 g/kg ADL, 71 g/kg TSS, 292 g/kg Cel, 176 g/kg HC, with nutritive and energy value 63.0% DMD, 55.8% DOM, RFV=115, 12.40 MJ/kg DE, 10.18 MJ/kg ME and 6.19 MJ/kg NEl. We consider that soybean forage may be used as multi-purpose feed for livestock.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Elena MOCANU, Floricel Maricel DIMA, Viorica SAVIN, Marcel Daniel POPA, Neculai PATRICHE

Nutrition is a determining factor in the growth potential of fish. The high costs of fodders have created the need for research of substitutes that will contribute to improving the growth performance and that will achieve high-quality fish products. Many by-products in the food industry are rich in bioactive nutrients, with the potential to serve as functional food ingredients for fish fodder. The aim of this study is to determine how the growth parameters and composition of carp meat (Cyprinus carpio), reared in a recirculating system and fed with diets that have grape marc as a fodder component, are influenced. The inclusion of grape marc in fodders ensures increased growth performance compared to diets without the addition of grape marc, and a feed conversion ratio (FCR) with better values in the experimental lots (1.48 for lot T2, 1.67 for lot T1, 1.62 for lot T3) compared to the control lot C (1.86). Grape marc used as supplement in diets, determined the accumulation of protein and lipids in carp meat, an increased intake of fatty acids, an improvement in the ω3/ω6 ratio, causing an increase in the nutritional value of fish.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Wisje TOAR, Endang PUDJIHASTUTI, Santie TURANGAN, Geertruida ASSA, Florencia SOMPIE, Laurentius RUMOKOY

This study aimed to observed the effect of supplementation of Patanga succincta flour in ration on meat production of local chickens. A total of 48 indigenous chickens were used until eight weeks old. The animals were divided in a same number into two groups: a group as control (CG) and the other group (TG) received a supplementation of P. succincta flour with a concentration of 0.5kg supplemented in 100 kg of ration. The variables observed were: body weight, feed consumption, FCR and carcass percentage. The results indicated that the supplementation of P. succincta flour in ration gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on FCR and body weight, while there was a non-significant effect on carcass percentage and feed intake between chickens in control group and treatment group. We concluded that the supplementation of P. succincta flour up to 0.05% into the basal diet could have a positive effect on a FCR value and carcass percentage of native chickens reared in closed cages.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Ionut Alexandru ANIN, Daniela RADU, Monica MARIN, Georgiana Melania COSTAICHE, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Fish is an important food in human nutrition, with high biological value, which does not produce adverse side effects, being easily digestible. In this study, it is examined how the Covid-19 Pandemic and the measures taken to limit the spread of the virus affect and transform the production costs of the carp raised on floating cages, having a direct effect on the sales price. The sector is expected to resume expansion known in 2019 over the next four years, although rising costs are a challenge to be overcome. As a result of comparison, we find a considerable increase in the production price, which is largely given by the increase in the feed price.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Nicoleta-Georgeta DOBROTĂ, Gheorghe DOBROTĂ, Victor CRISTEA, Mioara COSTACHE

The survival rate of one summer old pike-perch’s (Sander lucioperca L., 1758) during the cold season is low (50-75%) due to lower temperatures which lead to a decrease in metabolism. The feed sources are becoming scarce and, as a result, the fish are consuming their adipose tissue accumulated during the warm season, becoming prone to disease due to weight loss. The research was carried out during 2018, 2019 and 2020 years at the Fish Culture Research and Development Station, Nucet. The fish wintering was done in ponds, in two experimental versions: Variant 1 - no feed was administered and Variant 2 - live food was administered (fish species without economic importance). The experiments for each variant were performed in three densities, as follows: 200 kg/basin (2000 kg/ha), 500 kg/basin (5000 kg/ha) and 700 kg/basin (7000 kg/ha). The best results for survival rate were obtained in variant 2 in 2020 at 200 kg/basin density, with a 98.8% survival rate. The weight gain rate in variant 2 for 2018 at 500 kg/basin density, obtained a growth rate of 137 kg/wintering season.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Sergiu BALACCI, Ion BALAN, Vladimir BUZAN, Nicolae ROŞCA

This paper presents the results of the study of the epidemiological situation of rabies in the last 10 years on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. It has been found that the most susceptible animal species to rabies virus are cattle (358 cases), dogs (304 cases), foxes (186 cases) and cats (150 cases), which constitute 91.14% of the total number of cases recorded in animals in the last 10 years. The fox is the rabies-reservoir species and the main vector of its spread in wild animal populations. In the livestock sector, cattle are the most affected and constitute 32.69%. Data obtained from the study show that rabies is developing sporadically. In the population of wild animals other than foxes, cases of the disease are not dependent on the existence of infected foxes in that area. It has also been found that there is no significant correlation of rabies in fox and dogs, fox and cattle, or dogs and cattle. At the same time, there has been found a correlation between the number of fox units and rabies cases and a cyclicity of rabies cases every 4 years (2012-2015 and 2016-2019). The influence of thermal variations on the incidence of rabies in living biodiversity has specific oscillating effects according to the years of study, with multiple divergences, which require a well-founded argument, based on the existing importance of the problem approached through high-performance scientific research.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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