ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Marius Mihai CIOBANU, Diana Remina MANOLIU, Mihai Cătălin CIOBOTARU, Florin Daniel LIPŞA, Alina Narcisa POSTOLACHE, Paul Corneliu BOIȘTEANU

This paper aimed to evaluate the differences between six experimental batches of babic sausages from a sensory point of view. The six samples have been differentiated by the ratio of meat raw materials introduced in the composition (mutton, beef, fat) and by the maturing time (20 days, 40 days). The products were manufactured in the Processing Microsection of the University of Life Sciences Iasi and the sensory evaluation was carried out with the help of 8 tasters, in three repetitions, in the Sensory Analysis Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture Iasi. The sensory attributes evaluated were appearance, colour, aroma, texture and taste of the experimental lots. The ageing time had major influences from a sensory point of view on the intensity of aroma, salty taste and texture attributes. In terms of the quantities of raw materials, lots L1 and L3 showed the smallest differences, with lot L2 standing out due to its higher fat and beef content.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Alexander OSTACHUK, Lilia OSHKINA, Alexei ZAGUMENNOV, Irina GORYACHEVA, Daria ZERNOVA, Lyubov MELNIKOVA

The article investigates the effect of an organoselenium compound on the antioxidant status of the body of laboratory animals when they are administered a cadmium compound. Cadmium compounds are widely known eco-pollutants, the toxic effect of which is due to their ability to stimulate free radical processes in the body of animals and humans. The purpose of this work was to identify aspects of cadmium toxicity due to its thiol specificity and features of the short-term adaptation of the antioxidant system to the administration of a toxicant in rats at the stages of ontogenesis. At the same time, the effectiveness of the organic selenium-containing compound was evaluated. In the tissues, the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, as well as the content of selenium in the blood plasma, liver, and testicles of animals, were evaluated. In the course of the research, it was found that the prophylactic administration of selenopyran to experimental animals reduced the manifestation of toxicosis caused by cadmium. A similar effect of the drug is due to a decrease in the degree of damage to cell membranes and intracellular structures by free radical oxidation products.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Daniela RADU, Mioara COSTACHE, Nino MARICA, Alin BARBU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The paper includes the results of experiments on the combat of philopod crustacean (Cyzicus sp.) which cause significant economic losses to the post-embryonic development of common carp and Asian cyprinids (silver carp, bighead carp and grass carp). To combat them, the effectiveness of the insecticide Proteus-OD 110 was tested, correlated with the application of technological procedures for the preparation of the ponds adapted for the growth of fish larvae. The experiments were conducted at S.C.D.P. Nucet, within the Mircea-Vodă experimental base. In order to ensure a profitable harvest, before the stocking of 3-5 days old fish larvae, the ponds were prepared according to the technological procedures. Disinfection and loosening of the bottom of the ponds was achieved by administering quicklime (CaO) in the amount of 200-1000 kg/ha and to increase the productivity of the ponds, manure (5000-10000 kg/ha) and rice bran were administered. In conclusion, in order to obtain optimal results in the period of post-embryonic development and growth in first year of cyprinids, we recommend that the technological instructions be adapted to each type of technology.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Mădălina MATEI, Ioan Mircea POP

The over pollution in recent years has meant that the relationship between animal husbandry and the environment to be approached in the light of a sustainable vision, focused on animal welfare and ensuring the safety of feed and animal production. Given the influence of pollutants on the environment, this paper aims to outline the relationship between animals and environmental pollution, for assessing the potential level of pollution of feed and animal production. Thus, by correlating with the data from the literature, for three dairy farms, located in different geographical areas, was assessed, by observation and questionnaires, the specificity of activities in relation to monitoring feed and milk pollution. Following the monitoring and application of the evaluation questionnaire, the particularities of each farm and also the specifics of feed within them were highlighted, obtaining important information which allowed the assessment of the relationship between environment and animal husbandry, all of this for evaluating the potential level of pollution of feed and animal production and for classification of the studied farms by expected level of pollution: S - low; M - medium; R - high.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Liana Mihaela FERICEAN, Mihaela OSTAN, Olga Alina RADA, Mihaela IVAN, Silvia PRUNAR, Florin PRUNAR, Ioan BĂNĂŢEAN-DUNEA

The ostrich, the flightless Ratite, is the world’s largest bird. Ostrich has been reared in Romania for many years, but we have limited information on this species. The aim of this paper is to provide information on the social behavior of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) in captivity. Ostrich products, meat skin, and eggs are considered luxury products not only in Romania but also abroad. Observations on the social behavior of captive ostrich were made on two extensive farms in Romania in Arad County. The most common behavior patterns are walking, sitting, standing, foraging, pecking, dancing, coprophagia and aggression. The captive ostriches spend most of their time standing, resting or bathing, and nest-making. In the summer period, ostriches show the greatest difference in their behavior, they are more inactive and sit more in rainy weather than in dry periods. In the breeding season, they become more aggressive. They are violent toward humans, juveniles, even each other and other species. Some individuals may be showing abnormal behavior such as feather pecking, anorexia, coprophagy, and dietary indiscretion. Understanding the feelings in animals through behavioral observations is a vital step in improving their welfare.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Cornelia BILȚIU DĂNCUȘ, Cristina Ștefania NEGRE, Livia VIDU, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN

In the context in which the number of dairy cows in our country is constantly declining in recent years, a complex analysis (technical and economic) of dairy farms was necessary to determine the optimal size and exploitation mode of these categories of cattle in order to obtain a maximum profit. After conducting the three case studies and analyzing the three breeding and maintenance systems, the intensive dairy farming system seems profitable, but it requires the biggest investment, the largest number of staff and well-developed feed bases, based on generous land areas, for the realization of the vast majority of fodder within the unit, thus having the fewest inputs. Without large areas of land and high-performance dairy animals, the intensive system is losing ground to the semi-intensive system, especially as it poses major problems in terms of environmental protection, creating a lot of waste and pollutants.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Yosyp RIVIS, Olga HOPANENKO, Oleg STASIV, Olga STADNYTSKA, Bogdan GUTYJ, Оleksandr DIACHENKO, Ivan SARANCHUK, Oleg KLUM, Vasyl FEDAK, Vasyl BRATYUK

The positive corrective effect of fed flaxseed oil on the condition of the pancreas in acute L-arginine-induced pancreatitis was shown, the development of which was assessed by the number of necrotized acinar epitheliocytes in the head and tail of the pancreas and the activity of lipase and α-amylase in blood plasma. Feeding sunflower oil does not show a similar corrective effect. The normalizing effect of fed flaxseed oil on the state of the antioxidant defense system in rabbits in acute L-arginine-induced pancreatitis, on the content of thiobarbituric acid-positive products and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidases in blood. Feeding sunflower oil leads to a deterioration of the oxidative-prooxidant balance. The ability of fed flaxseed oil to prevent disorders of content of non-esterified and esterified cholesterol in blood plasma, liver and skeletal muscle of rabbits in acute L-arginine-induced pancreatitis has been established. Feeding sunflower oil under the above conditions impairs the lipid composition of rabbit tissues. The positive effect of fed flaxseed oil on the ratio of anti-inflammatory polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family to proinflammatory polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 family in the fatty acid spectrum of esterified cholesterol in blood plasma, liver and skeletal muscle of rabbits in acute L-arginine-induced pancreatitis. The result of the fed sunflower oil action on the studied indicators is quite the opposite. In acute L-arginine-induced pancreatitis, feeding flaxseed oil stimulates the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, 25-OH-vitamin D3, testosterone, aldosterone and cortisol in rabbits. The stimulating ability of fed sunflower oil in this regard is less pronounced.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Ratu SAFITRI, Mia MIRANTI, Yasmi KUNTANA, Tri YULIANA, Marlinda SIAHAAN, Khusnul KHOTIMAH

Research has been carried out on the characterization of the properties of L. paracasei and L. curvatus in several encapsulation formulas. This study aims to obtain the kind of encapsulation material formulation that maintains the viability and probiotic properties of both Lactobacillus. The method used in this research is a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized factorial design. The probiotic characteristics of the Lactobacillus sp. that have been encapsulated with several formulas were carried out by observing cell viability, acid resistance, bile salt resistance, and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that the bacteria L. paracasei in the cassava flour-alginate and L. curvatus in the alginate - skimmed milk had high viability for three weeks, same as the initial time, with the population reaching 3.52 x 1010 CFU/ml and 3,96 x 1010CFU/ml, respectively. Furthermore, Lactobacillus bacteria encapsulated in alginate-skimmed milk formula have high resistance to acidic environments, high bile salt levels, and antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. typhimurium. Therefore, alginate and skim milk as an encapsulant can protect probiotics survive longer and maintain their probiotics.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Dorina NADOLU, Camelia Zoia ZAMFIR, Andreea Hortanse ANGHEL, Elena ILIȘIU

Saanen goats, specialized in milk production, improved in terms of quantity and quality (protein and fat content), are normally milked for 270-300 days with an annual production of 650-1050 l of milk / lactation and an average protein content of 2.9% and fat content of 3.2%. This study was conducted in the first goat farm in Romania that initiated prolonged lactation of goats. The research was carried out on a batch of primiparous goats, maintained in an intensive exploitation system, which after the first calving were subdivided according to milk production measured for a week. Two batches of 128 goats with a production of 3-4 liters/day and 94 goats with a production of over 4 liters/day were established. By modulating the diet and the light regime, the goats were milked continuously for 690 to 742 days, monitoring the amount of milk, protein and lipid levels on a monthly basis. Along with controlled breeding programs, prolonged lactation contributes to ensuring on the domestic market a continuity in the supply of goat's milk, throughout the year.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXV, Issue 2
Written by Yosyp RIVIS, Daniel ZABORSKI, Bogdan GUTYJ, Olga HOPANENKO, Оleksandr DIACHENKO, Olga STADNYTSKA, Oleg KLUM, Ivan SARANCHUK, Vasyl BRATYUK, Vasyl FEDAK

The literature describes non-quantitative gas chromatographic methods for determining the relative content of various forms of long chain fatty acids in the biological material under study. Our task was to improve the quantitative and simultaneous gas chromatographic method for determining the absolute content of various forms of long-chain fatty acids in the biological material under study (plant and animal tissues and liquids). To do this, the studied biological material, a simple and complex internal standard is treated with various extracting mixtures. Various forms of long chain fatty acids are isolated from extracted lipids and their methyl esters are chromatographed. The results of gas chromatographic studies are calibrated. The improved method for low error allows quantitatively and simultaneously in absolute units to determine the content of total long chain fatty acids, long chain fatty acids of common lipids, esterified, non-esterified and anionic long chain fatty acids in the studied biological material. Thus, using the improved gas-chromatographic method at a lower cost of reagents and time, quantitatively and simultaneously in the biological material under study in absolute units we determine the content of various forms of long chain fatty acids.

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