ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Paul-Alexandru POPESCU, Elisabeta Elena POPA, Mihaela GEICU-CRISTEA, Mihaela Cristina DRĂGHICI, Amalia Carmen MITELUȚ, Mona Elena POPA

In the recent years there has been a constant need for the development of novel packaging materials, which can be defined as made from materials derived from renewable sources, that can provide alternative and sustainable routes for the food packaging industry in order to replace the petroleum-based polymers with bio-based materials. A constant concern for the environment wellbeing has been the agricultural waste which is not valorised in a sustainable matter but rather incinerated or disposed of in landfills. A novel way to promote a circular bio economy would be to utilise these agri-food waste and by-products for the development of novel and sustainable packaging materials. This article aims to review the development of bio-based packaging materials and production technologies considering by-products and waste minimization, recyclability, biodegradability, and their impact on the circular bio economy and sustainability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Madalina Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Bianca Maria MADESCU, Claudia PANZARU, Ioana POROSNICU, Alexandru USTUROI

Microarray technology has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of animal genetic research, offering a comprehensive and high-throughput method for analysing the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. This paper explores the implications of microarray technology in advancing understanding of animal genetics, focusing on its applications, challenges, and potential contributions to various aspects of genetic research. The paper begins by providing an overview of microarray technology, detailing its principles and the array of applications it offers for investigating gene expression, genetic variations, and regulatory mechanisms in animals. Furthermore, this paper addresses the challenges associated with microarray data analysis, emphasizing the importance of bioinformatics methods to extract meaningful insights from large-scale genomic datasets. This study aims to guide researchers in choosing appropriate methodologies, highlighting best practices, and fostering a deeper understanding of the implications and limitations of this technology in the context of animal genetic research. This exploration also contributes to the ongoing dialogue within the scientific community on optimizing the use of microarray technology to unlock the mysteries of animal genetics and advance the knowledge of biological systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Daniel COCAN, Vioara MIREȘAN, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Roxana CENAN, Paul UIUIU, George-Cătălin MUNTEAN, Tudor PAPUC, Andrada IHUȚ, Camelia RĂDUCU

Nutritional behavior and feed intake contribute to fish growth dynamics, productive indices, and meat quality. In this study, productive indices and meat quality were analyzed in three fish species with different nutritional spectrums: a predatory species, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an omnivorous species, the wild Danube carp (Cyprinus carpio), and a planktivorous-detritivorous species, the Golden grey mullet (Chelon auratus). A phenotypic characterization of the species was performed (measurements) and body size indices were calculated [Fulton condition factor (K), profile index (Pi), thickness index (Ti), Kiselev quality index (KQi), and fleshiness indices (Ci1-Ci2)], slaughter yields and organs weight ratio and body segments, as well as meat quality. The results show us higher protein values in fish meat from natural environments (Danube carp and Golden grey mullet) due to the more varied nutritional spectrum. Slaughter yields were also better for wild species.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Octavia Maria TAMÁS-KRUMPÉ, Cristina-Alexandra VINTILĂ, Otilia BOBIȘ, Cornelia DOȘTEȚAN ABĂLARU, Daniel COCAN, Călin LAŢIU, Ioana BUZURA-MATEI, Laurenț OGNEAN

Propolis has been used for centuries as a medical remedy in both humans and animals. Propolis can be found as a single basic product or as an additional compound in standardized drug formulations. The present research aimed to assess the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of four propolis-based natural products. The investigations were carried out on the following products: a propolis tincture; an aqueous propolis extract; an aqueous propolis extract with colloidal silver; and an ointment consisting of propolis, olive oil, and propolis wax. According to the obtained results, of the four products, the ointment showed the highest antioxidant activity. A higher antibacterial potential has also been demonstrated by the ointment compared to the other investigated formulas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Karima BELGUESMI, Asma AWADI, Imed BEN SLIMEN, Hichem BEN SLIMEN

Blood parasites, particularly those of the Anaplasma marginale, Babesia and Theileria spp., present a challenge to successful livestock farming. In the present work, PCR analysis was carried out to detect possible infection by the above-mentioned parasites in three cattle populations from northern Tunisia. We also sequenced exon 2 of the BoLA-DQA1 gene in 17 Holstein cattle. Our results showed a low level of infection by the screened parasites, with prevalences of 8.8%, 5.9% and 0.0% for Theileria spp., Anaplasma mariginale and Babesia ssp., respectively. On the other hand, a total of 11 alleles were observed in the BoLA-DQA1 gene in the analysed samples. Six alleles were detected for the first time. BoLA-DQA1*10011 and *0101 alleles were the most frequent. These two alleles were also the most frequent in all Holstein cattle populations so far studied. Finally, four and eight amino acid positions were under positive selection by DATAMONKEY and PAML, respectively. Such selection, associated with high polymorphism observed in the BoLA-DQA1 gene, might suggest an important qualitative and quantitative parasite pressure that would favour distinct allele types.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Osamah Mahmood Abdulzahra MURSHEDI, Horia GROSU, Petruț-Lucian PARASCHIVESCU

The objective of the paper is the comparative analysis of three selection methods, from the point of view of breeding values, for production traits (the amount of milk, milk fat and protein) and reproduction traits (prolificacy) in the Palas Milk Line sheep population. Totally, 486 sheep were analyzed. The heritabilities for breeding values were estimated by the REML method, using an animal model for the four traits analyzed, and were: 0.197, 0.209, 0.263 and 0.235. The comparison of the three methods was carried out by means of the Spearman rank correlation, which allows the comparison of the ranking of the same observation units (individuals), on different criteria (different selection methods): The Spearman rank correlation was applied for the following couples of methods: BLUP and BLP; BLUP and own performances and BLP and own performances. The results for each couple were: 0.998, 0.89 and 0.899, for the amount of milk; 0.996, 0.907 and 0.919, for the amount of fat in milk and 0.998, 0.89 and 0.897, for the amount of protein in milk. For prolificacy, the rank correlation values were 0.953, 0.837 and 0.912. These results show that the highest agreement was achieved between the BLUP and BLP methods.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Vasile MACIUC, Ion NECHIFOR, Alexandru Marian FLOREA, Bogdan Ioan NECHIFOR, Ioana ȚURCANU, Ana BOLDIȘOR, Daniel Constantin NECHIFOR, Constantin PASCAL

The present work aimed to genotyping sheep in order to know the predisposition to scrapie and take the necessary measures. The analyzed biological material was represented by 822 pure breed Karakul sheep and by 239 crossbred meat sheep obtained by crosses between females of the Karakul breed and males of the Palas meat line. The method of determining the genotypes of susceptible sheep to scrapie from biological samples, consists in the analysis of the coding region of the PRNP gene (exon 3) where there are three codons associated with the resistance to this disease. Purebred Karakul sheep which have the genotypes belonging to classes 1 and 2, with the highest resistance to scrapie, have the share of 25.70%, compared to crossbred meat sheep in which the share of genotypes for the mentioned classes was 58.70% (significant for p<0.01 and C.I = 95%). An increase in resistance to scrapie was found in crossbred meat sheep which proves that by practicing infusion crosses with disease-resistant breeds, we will be able to increase scrapie resistance in the case of purebred Karakul sheep.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Carmen IONITA, Roxana Mariana IGNATESCU, Nicoleta Andreea MINCĂ, Lucian IONITA

In poultry farming, thanks to the development of technology, the broiler is a remarkable achievement in terms of genetics, nutrition and economic performance. The monitoring of the disease state is done from a clinical and paraclinical point of view only when the situation requires it. The determination of hematological parameters provides valuable information for the assessment of the health status of animals, but in current avian pathology these determinations are not widely used due to the lack of reference values for avian blood profiles, the very young economic age of broilers in conditions where feeding, watering, animal hygiene are regulated and monitored daily. In addition, the fact that erythrocytes in birds are nucleated and the hematology machines do not distinguish erythrocytes from leukocytes, counting them as nucleated cells giving errors in the counting, we, in practical field conditions, resorted to performing the leukocyte formula (easier to performed even in farms) and to the laboratory determination of some biochemical parameters to achieve a small difference between the 2 broiler hybrids during the growth period. From the experiment data we found that.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Roxana Elena (VASILIU) STEFAN, Daniela IANIȚCHI, Livia VIDU, Elena RĂDUCANU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Victoria CONSTANTIN, Monica MARIN

In the past few years, there has been a notable rise in global demand for milk and dairy products. Milk fat represents an important component of milk, playing a crucial role in energy provision and contributing to numerous physical characteristics and manufacturing qualities of both milk and dairy products. The fatty acids found in milk fat are regarded as important nutritional components in the human diet. Generating milk with an increased concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly from the n3 category, is advantageous because dietary patterns containing more n3 fatty acids and fewer n6 fatty acids are considered healthier for humans. There are numerous factors that influence the fatty acid in the milk profile, with nutrition being the most critical aspect among them. Primary dietary factors, including the type and quantity of either forages or concentrates within the dietary regimen, extensive research has been conducted on the balance between forage and concentrate ratios, as well as the inclusion of fat or oil supplements in diets.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Jeanina CARTIȘ (LAZĂR), Paul Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Livia VIDU, Monica MARIN

In the context of the development of livestock industry, pig farming represents an important sector, making it essential to optimize the feeding regime to improve productive parameters. Recent research has focused on identifying and implementing innovative nutritional solutions that support swine performance, with the main objective of increasing resource use efficiency, improving feed conversion, and reducing environmental impact. Alternatives to conventional proteins, such as insect or algae-based proteins, have been investigated, which could reduce dependence on traditional protein sources like soy and lower production costs. That dietary adjustments can lead to increased body weight, improved feed conversion ratio, and reduced pig mortality. Moreover, personalized feeding tailored to the needs of each stage of swine growth has proven effective in maximizing productivity using Precision Nutrition and Data-Driven Feeding. However, achieving a significant impact requires closer collaboration between researchers, farmers, and the feed industry. The large-scale implementation of these promising nutritional solutions necessitates additional efforts in farmer education and ensuring access to advanced technologies and necessary resources.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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