ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Petya ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN, Radoslava ZAHARIEVA

In 2023, an ecological assessment of the state of two rivers, part of the Maritsa river basin in Bulgaria, was carried out. For the study, benthic macroinvertebrate organisms (macrozoobenthos) were collected during the spring season from the Luda Yana River in the area of the village of Popintsi (Panagyurishte Municipality, Pazardzhik Region) and from the Chepelarska River in the area of Katunitsa village (Sadovo Municipality, Plovdiv Region), designated as biotopes. 512 and 712 specimens of benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from the Popintsi biotope and the Katunitsa biotope, respectively. The macroinvertebrate taxa found from the Popintsi biotope are belonging to 12 orders: Amphipoda, Annelida, Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Gastropoda, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Lumbriculida, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera. Macroinvertebrates from the Katunitsa biotope are belonging to 11 orders: Amphipoda, Annelida, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Gastropoda, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Lumbriculida, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Osman OLGUN, Gözde KILINÇ, Esra Tuğçe GÜL, Fatih GÖKMEN, Alpönder YILDIZ, Veli UYGUR, Behlül SEVIM, Ainhoa SARMIENTO-GARCIA

This research investigated the impact of different concentrations of manganese hydroxychloride (MnH) on productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant status, tibia characteristics, and mineral excretion in laying quails. A total of 125 female ten-week-old female quails, were divided into five groups with five subgroups, each containing five quails. The birds were fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with different levels of MnH (containing 55 g/100 g Mn) at 18.86 mg/kg (basal diet), 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/kg for twelve weeks. Results indicated that MnH supplementation enhanced egg production and feed intake (P < 0.05) compared to the non-supplemented group. The optimal eggshell quality, including shell-breaking strength, thickness, and weight, was observed at 80 mg/kg MnH (P<0.01) compared to the basal diet. Regarding the antioxidant capacity in the yolk, the yolk's 2,2- diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) value increased significantly (P<0.01) with 100 mg/kg MnH supplementation, while malondialdehyde (MDA) values remained unaffected across all groups. Increasing dietary MnH levels elevated Mn excretion in faeces and reduced copper levels (P<0.01). However, MnH addition adversely affected tibia biomechanical properties compared to the basal diet (P<0.01), with no significant impact on tibia mineral accumulation (P>0.05). These results suggest that including 80 mg/kg MnH in laying quail diets would be adequate to improve certain aspects of production and eggshell quality, although its impact on bone parameters requires further investigation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Florentina BADEA, Mircea Cosmin PRISTAVU, Constantin Alexandru ALDEA, Florentina ISRAEL-ROMING, Florentina MATEI

The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the potential of different strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), belonging to Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus farciminis, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Weissella cibaria, for their potential use for increasing the shelf life of different perishable food products. Several screening tests were taken into account, mainly related to their probiotic potential, but also the potential use as biocontrol agents during storage. The strains of P. pentosaceus, L. fermentum, and L. plantarum had the greatest biopreservation potential, with a spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria and food spoilage fungi. They are capable of producing bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides, organic acids (lactic and acetic acids), enzymes (protease and phytase). In addition, freeze-drying with glucose as a cryoprotective agent resulted in a high survival rate of LAB strains, with a survival rate exceeding 50%. The aforementioned findings suggest that out of the LAB strains tested, L. plantarum MI207 represents a viable option for extending the shelf life of fresh, minimally processed food products in a sustainable manner.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Vasile MACARI, Oleg CHISELIȚA, Ana ROTARU, Natalia CHISELIȚA, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Dmitrii MAȚENCU

The research aimed to study the influence of a bioactive compex microbial product, obtained from yeast biomass from beer and wine industry wastes and residual cyanobacterial biomass (spirulina) after production of medicinal remedies, on the productive parameters, health and clinical haematological status of recently weaned rabbit kits. The experiment was carried out on 3 batches of 14 kits from weaning to about 80 days of age. The rabbits in two experimental groups were supplemented with proposed preparation at doses of 3.0 and 9.0 g per 1 kg of concentrated feed per day. The use of the complex microbial preparation in the daily ration has a beneficial effect on the rabbit kits, evidenced by the general health status of the animals, reduction in the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes in the blood and the increase in the number of segmented neutrophils.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Mugurel COLĂ, Florica COLĂ

This study aimed to achieve the optimal energy balance of Holstein-Friesian cows, fed to produce 5,000-6,000 l of milk/cow per lactation (restricted production- Pr) on a pasture ration or 8,000-9,000 l of milk/cow per lactation (high production- Pm), on a more intensive feeding regimen using a partial mixed ration (pasture + concentrate). The mean of 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) and standard deviation was 8,646 ± 1,162 l/cow per lactation for the Pm herd and 6,847 ± 787 l/cow per lactation for the Pr herd. In the first period of lactation, the balance degree estimated negative energy was lower in Pm cows than in Pr cows (-16.1 vs. -29.1 MJ/cow per day, respectively). As such, mobilization of body reserves was also lower in Pm cows, and this was reflected in lower concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (0.7 vs. 0.8 mmol/l) and β-hydroxybutyrate (0.5 vs .0.7 mmol/l) and higher concentrations of glucose (3.5 vs. 3.3 mmol/l) and insulin for Pm and cows respectively, Pr.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Iryna HONCHAROVA, Oksana SHEVCHENKO, Liubov LІAKHOVICH, Yuliia MASLAK, Anna FEDIAIEVA

The influence of different intensities of rearing heifers of the Znamenskaya type of Polissya beef cattle breed on their growth, development, and reproductive capacity was studied. The coefficients for determining the level of heifer feeding were developed and used: 1.75 - high; 1.57 - normal. It has been experimentally established that intensively reared heifers, compared to animals in the control group, reached the optimal live weight for mating of 384 kg much earlier. From birth to mating age, they consumed 17.2% less feed units and 15.7% less digestible protein. They had better reproductive performance, the age of fertile mating was 146 days shorter and fertility rates were 6% higher than in the control group. Intensively reared heifers were 4-5 months younger at fertile mating than animals in the control group, indicating their higher early maturity. Intensive heifer rearing shortens the period from birth to calving, reduces labour and rearing costs, and increases the reproductive capacity of animals.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Petya VELEVA, Svilen LAZAROV

The study presents the influence of frozen and dried pollen feeding on the fat body development (FBD) of worker bees (Apis mellifera L.). The degree of FBD was determined before and after feeding during the Autumn and Spring periods. During Autumn, the highest percentage of bees (42.9%) with a second degree of FBD was found after feeding with dried pollen. During the same period, 38.1% of bees fed in this way were observed to have reached the third degree of FBD, and 19.0% of bees had reached the fourth degree of FBD. After completion of spring feeding with dried pollen, the highest percentage of bees (58.6%) with the fourth degree of FBD was reported. This percentage was significantly higher than the percentage before feeding (30.8%), with a difference of 27.8%. A significant increase in the percentage of bees (11.1%) fed with frozen pollen with the fifth degree of FBD was recorded for this period. The high degree of FBD of the worker bees indicates the greater effect of frozen pollen feeding compared to dried pollen feeding during the spring period.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Viorica SAVIN, Magdalena TENCIU, Floricel Maricel DIMA, Neculai PATRICHE, Marilena Florentina LACATUS, Elena Ioana COMAN, Victor CRISTEA

In this study, the impact of a commercial probiotic (PC) on the growth and well-being of siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii, Brandt, 1869) in a recirculating aquaculture system was investigated over 63 days. Four experimental groups were created: a control group (A1) received a commercial feed with 45% protein and 15% lipid, while three others (A2, A3, A4) had the commercial feed supplemented with 0.2 g PC kg-1, 0.4 g PC kg-1, and 0.6 g PC kg-1, respectively. Biometric measurements and blood analyses were conducted to assess growth and well-being of the biological material. Probiotic addition improved the growth performance in all experimental groups compared to the control. Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and leukocytes showed higher mean values in the experimental groups. Serum glucose significantly decreased in the experimental groups (p<0.05), while total serum proteins increased with probiotic diets. Protein and lipid accumulation in muscle tissue was observed in all groups fed probiotic diets, indicating a positive influence on the growth and well-being of Acipenser baerii in recirculating aquaculture systems.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Nevyana STANCHEVA, Ivona DIMITROVA

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of production year on the milk yield per standard 120-day milking period of sheep from the Bulgarian Dairy Synthetic population in the flock of Agricultural Institute-Shumen. Milk productivity data of 2193 sheep of different ages for six production years, were analysed. For the individual years, the following were determined: duration of lactation and milking period, milk yield per milking period (TMM), average daily milk yield per milking period (ADMYmilking period) and milk yield per 120-day standard milking period (TMM120). The influence of the production year on milk yield per standard 120-day milking period was determined by the ANOVA model for one-way analysis of variance. The total milk productivity for the standard 120-day milking period of sheep in the individual production years was within 94.798-115.541 l, with the determined differences having a high degree of significance (Р≤0.001). A highly significant effect of the production year factor on the milk yield per standard 120-day milking period per consecutive lactation was established.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Mariana Cristina ARCADE, Mioara COSTACHE, Marinela GANCEA, Daniela RADU, Mihail COSTACHE, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) presents opportunities for transforming diverse aquaculture-generated waste into revenue streams through the growth of species of economic and biological value. In fresh water, swan mussel Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) exhibit the capacity to purify aquaculture effluent by extracting nutrients contained within it. Also, it represents a value food source for fish, like Black carp, and human consumption. The study aimed to propose an IMTA strategy for freshwater cage fish farming. The feed provided to caged fish is not entirely consumed, serving as the foundation of the food chain for other organisms like swan mussels. To enhance feed efficiency for the fish, which settles at the bottom of the culture ponds where floating fish cages are located, individual net compartments are installed to accommodate the swan mussels. This association yields positive effects across all levels of the food chain by reducing losses and generating a living raw material that falls within the dietary range of other species. Also, through the feeding process, swan mussels filter the water and prevent the undesirable phenomena of decomposition of organic matter and decrease in oxygen concentration, which occur with increasing water temperature. This experiment applies the concept of IMTA by the simultaneous activity of fish and swan mussel farming, which results in minimizing economic losses, maximizing profit and environment protection by cleaning the water.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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