ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Madalina Ioana MOLDOVAN, Adrian BOTA, Remus Ioan CHIOREAN, Gheorghe Emil MARGINEAN, Danut Nicolae ENEA, Livia VIDU

Currently, approximately 20.000 buffaloes are raised in Romania. The present study was carried out to observe the effect of lactation stage on the components of raw milk obtained from buffaloes of the Romanian Bubaline breed. 120 milk samples were collected during the morning and evening milking, during the grazing period, from 60 buffaloes in different stages and ranks of lactation. From the collected samples, the content of fat, protein, lactose, fat-free dry matter (NFD), and total dry matter (TU) were determined. The individual analysis of milk samples from buffaloes revealed significant differences in terms of the variation of these parameters, the research carried out revealed differences determined by the stage of lactation in the same reference season. Therefore, the results of the present research indicated that the stage of lactation, during the grazing season, significantly influences the chemical parameters of milk, regardless of the lactation rank.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Valeria Cristina BULGARU, Gina Cecilia PISTOL, Ionelia ȚĂRANU, Daniela Eliza MARIN

Feed contaminants, especially mycotoxins are responsible for important economic loses in swine industry, pigs being very susceptible to contamination with mycotoxins. Alternariol (AOH) is a mycotoxin synthesised by fungi of genus Alternaria and is a common contaminant of different raw materials, as cereal and cereal products that represent important ingredients of swine diets. Recent literature data have shown that in human cell model, AOH can cause DNA damage and induce oxidative stress. However, the effect of AOH in swine it less documented. Consequently, the aim of our research was to investigate how AOH can affect the proliferation, apoptosis, death, and cell cycle using an in vitro model represented by PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) isolated from pig's blood. Cells were stimulated or not with phorbol 12-myristate13-acetate-ionomycin (PMAI), exposed for 4h to different concentrations of AOH (1-100 µg/mL). Our study shows that AOH was able to affect cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell death and cell cycle of porcine PBMCs, with negative effects on the animal health.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Sorin ROȘU, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN, Dănuț-Nicolae ENEA, Monica MARIN, Elena RĂDUCANU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Livia VIDU

The theories underlying the studies on the origin of the cattle breeds place the Brown breed in the Bos taurus brachyceros type, based on the craniological characters identified in cattle from the mountain area. Today, at European level, a distinction is made between Braunvieh (original Braun-Schwyz) and Brown Suiss. The Braunvieh breed, a breed with milk-meat skills, was formed in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland, based on successive crosses between local cattle and those brought by the Burgundians, Germans and Romans, later spreading to many countries in Europe. The Brown Suiss breed, specialized breed for milk, was formed in America, based on cattle imports from Switzerland (1869 - the first imports). While the Brauvieh breed achieves milk production of approximately 6,000 kg per lactation, with 4% fat and 3 .4% protein, the Brown Suiss breed, which has become a breeder for milk production, has achieved yields of over 10,000 kg of milk per lactation in the US. The proportion of beta casein type A2 (which gives better digestibility to milk) is much higher in the milk of these breeds compared to other breeds (over 80% in Brown Suiss compared to Holstein 62%).

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Adina-Mirela ARITON, Andra-Sabina NECULAI-VĂLEANU, Ioana POROȘNICU

Milk quality is increasingly important for producers and consumers as it relates to processing, production, and price. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between somatic cells count, lactose content, and acidity of cow milk. A total number of 100 milk samples, from cows with mastitis were processed and analyzed. Increasing acidity and decreasing lactose content were correlated with an increased number of somatic cells in the collected milk samples. The lactose ratio decreased as the number of somatic cells in the milk increased, thus leading to an increase in the titratable acidity of the milk. It can be concluded that a higher number of somatic cells adversely affects milk quality and subsequently processing capacity. Lactose content and titratable acidity can be used as indicators as complimentary to monitor udder health and for early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in milk cows.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Vasile-Călin ILIȘIU, Elena ILIȘIU, Andreea-Hortensa ANGHEL, Maria STANCIU, Cristian-Vasile ILIȘIU, Ion-Dumitru CHIRTEȘ, Ana ENCIU, Dorina NADOLU

This study aimed to determine the influence of fodder type administered in two consecutive years (2022 and 2023) to sheep mothers in the lactating period on the growth performances of suckling lambs, to improve growth rate up to weaning. The lambs from Ţigaie breed - rusty variety (209 lambs born in 2022 and 219 lambs born in 2023) were used in the experiment from lambing up to weaning. The fodder administered to the ewes-mothers had provided a nutritional value of 198 g DP and 12.75 MJ NEM (net energy milk) in 2022, the fodder consisting of concentrates (grain corn 50%; grain barley 50%) and hill hay, while the fodder administered in 2023 is consisting of alfalfa semi-silage, hill hay and concentrates (50% grain corn; 50% grain barley) and had provided 198 g DP and 14.75 MJ NEM. The alfalfa semi-silage had significantly influenced (p<0.001) the growth performances of lambs in 2023 compared to those born in 2022 regarding weaning weight (19.98 kg vs. 16.82 kg), total weight gain (15.71 kg vs 12.84 kg) and average daily gain (224.44 g vs. 183.49 g).

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Hryhoriy SEDILO, Ihor LUCHYN, Nataliia FEDAK, Oksana MAMCHUR

In the studies, the bioadditive "CarnEon 50" was used, recommended for optimizing the intensive fattening of young monogastric animals to balance their ration with carnitine effectively. The research aimed to find out the effectiveness and safety of the use of a bio-additive as an element of intensive rabbit meat production. Research methods - zootechnical, laboratory, statistical. A compound feed recipe based on local feed ingredients was developed for intensive fattening of young rabbits of the newly created chinchilla-like type. It was established that the addition of "CarnEon 50" to the diet of fattening young rabbits in the amount of 150, 200 and 250 g/t increased their productivity at the age of 90 days, in particular, live weight - by 2.9-6.8%, average daily gains - by 4.2-10.5%, lifetime waist width (an indicator of meatiness) by - 3.04.5%, feed conversion improved by 2.5-3.9%. It is shown that the use of a bioadditive in the amount of 200-250 g/t of compound feed in the rations of young rabbits during intensive production of rabbit meat makes it possible to reduce direct costs for the production of 1 ton of rabbit meat by 20,94 USD and increase the profitability of production by 2%.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Lorel Dorin UNGUREANU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Paul Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Monica MARIN

Natural feed additives for broilers have gained increasing attention in recent years due to the growing demand for sustainable poultry production. These additives are derived from plant, animal, or microbial sources and are used to enhance broiler health, improve growth performance, and optimize feed efficiency. As consumer preferences shift towards more natural and organic products, the aim of the paper was to highlight that the use of natural feed additives provides an alternative to synthetic additives and antibiotics, which are increasingly restricted due to concerns about antibiotic resistance and environmental impact. From phytobiotics and probiotics to enzymes, natural feed additives provide a wide range of benefits, including improved nutrient digestibility, enhanced immune function, and better meat quality. While challenges such as cost and variability remain, advances in research and formulation will continue to optimize their use in broiler production.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Barbara TOMBARKIEWICZ, Bartosz BOJARSKI, Leszek SZAłA, Mateusz JAKUBIAK, Krzysztof PAWLAK

Changes in the electromagnetic environment and increasing pollution of the environment are significant threats to animals including fish. In this study we made an attempt of determining some effects of geomagnetic field disturbances (hypogeomagnetic conditions), 1800 MHz electromagnetic field, and a commonly used herbicide (Roundup - the concentrations applied in the experiment corresponded to 0.1; 0.5 or 5 mg/l of the active ingredient) on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) embryonic development and hatching. In the periods of 24 and 48 hours after the start of incubation and then in every 6 hours till the end of the experiment the percentage of dead eggs, the percentage of hatched larvae, and the percentage of deformed larvae were determined. The research conducted showed that the deprivation of the geomagnetic field accelerated the hatching of larvae; a reduction in hatchability was also observed, while exposure to the electromagnetic field resulted in an increase in the percentage of finally hatched larvae (statistically insignificant changes). Roundup exposure resulted in increased mortality, reduced hatchability, and an increased percentage of deformed larvae (statistically significant changes).

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Mykola POVOD, Olena IZHBOLDINA, Oleksandr MYKHALKO, Bogdan GUTYJ, Victor SHUPLYK, Tetyana VERBELCHUK, Valeriy BORSHCHENKO

The article investigated the productivity of Danish-bred piglets during rearing in small and medium-sized pig farms and large industrial complexes, as well as the effectiveness and components of rearing costs and the influence of pig farm size on them. In small pig farms, it was found that piglet survival rate during rearing was 0.24-0.45% higher and growth intensity was 3.15-5.46% higher during this period. The absolute gains were 0.59-2.50% higher and the weight of piglets at transition to fattening was 4.53-8.50% higher than in medium and large size farms, respectively. At the same time, animals in large farms had 4.15% lower birth weight, 3.17% absolute and 2.19% average daily gains and 1.60% lower weight of animals at transition to fattening compared to medium size farms. It has been shown that the most effective feed was used by animals reared in medium capacity farms. The feed cost per piglet was lowest for animals reared on medium-sized farms, 9.67% lower than for animals reared on small farms during this period, and 9.70% lower than for animals reared on large pig farms.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru USTUROI, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Mădălina Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Francois DJITIE KOUATCHO, Mohamed KENAWI, Petronella Van der PASCH

Regardless of the accuracy of the technology implementation, the final quality of the fish is also influenced by the conditions to which it is subjected after being extracted from the rearing pond. In the present case study, we proposed an analysis of the physiological reaction of the stock after extraction from the growth ponds. Among others, we were particularly interested in the level of the stress hormone, determined in the samples taken in the study under the conditions of the application of certain stressors. In contrast, comparison of the amount of glycogen led to obtaining very distinctly significant statistical fluctuations (the mean for specimens reared in semi-intensive system was 2.314±0.638 g/100 g and for those grown in intensive system 1.980±0.822 g/100 g). Growth hormone varied between 0.504±0.46 ng/ml in the case of semi-intensive system and 0.694±0.22 ng/ml for intensive system. The values obtained for cortisol showed a significant influence of stress factors on the studied trout. The stress hormone level rises in correlation with both the intensity and type of stressors, starting from the moment the fish are removed from the ponds.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Page 8 of 9

The publisher is not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume. They represent the authors’ point of view.

© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

Powered by INTELIDEV

Animal Science Journal