ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Adrian-Gheorghe BERCU, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Paul Rodian TĂPĂLOAGĂ, Monica MARIN

In the context of food globalization, traditional products play a special role in preserving cultural identity and supporting the local economy. This research aims to examine the economic and social importance of these products, using data collection methods such as specific laboratory analyses, as well as surveys, and interviews with producers and consumers. The study seeks to highlight the differences between traditional and industrial products, as well as to understand the significance of the concept of traditional products for each consumer and how these differ from industrial products, focusing on the perceived benefits and challenges associated with each type. The results show that, although traditional products are perceived as healthier and more authentic, they face difficulties in competing with industrial products. The paper provides recommendations for policies that support the preservation and promotion of traditional products.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Radena NENOVA, Yordanka ILIEVA, Ivan FASULKOV, Manol KARADAEV, Nasko VASILEV, Pencho PENCHEV

In buffaloes, synchronization is especially important because of the peculiarities of reproduction. Gestation was diagnosed sonographically 45 days after timed AI (TAI) in 133 buffalo cows and 75 heifers hormonally treated. The dispersion analyses included the factors-classes: protocol - PreSynch/OvSynch, OvSynch, OvSynch+PRID; clinical signs of estrus (CSE) - without CSE, sole patency of cervix, mucous discharge; age – heifers, cows; season - in and out of season. The results show that protocol has strongest effect on conception rates (CR) (P≤ 0.01), significantly lowest being that under PreSynch/OvSynch - 23.9%, compared to OvSynch (40.7%) and OvSynch+PRID (47.4%). In the heifers OvSynch+PRID and OvSynch show markedly higher results (50.0 and 52.9%), while in the buffalo cows with OvSynch CR is relatively low (38.3%). CSE is also significant (P≤ 0.05), the highest CR in the cases with mucus. The superiority of OvSynch+PRID finds expression in the highest incidence of full estrus (mucus) in the lactating buffaloes (70%) and especially in the heifers (82%). Especially OvSynch+PRID can be used for overcoming seasonal anestrus.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Sonya IVANOVA, Tanya NIKOLOVA, Vasil PIRGOZLIEV, Radena NENOVA

The study aimed to investigate the effect of gradient levels of 100 mg and 200 mg dihydroquercetin DHQ/kg feed added on performance, back fat thickness, and blood biochemical indices in fattening pigs. An experiment with 30 pigs of the Danube White breed with an initial live weight of 66.3 - 66.5 kg and a final live weight of 100.9 - 102.8 kg, randomly assigned to three treatments – control(C), DHQ1 and DHQ2, was carried out. Pigs were housed individually for 43 days. At the end of the experiment, the thickness of the back fat was measured, and blood samples were taken. Biochemistry indices and fat metabolism indices were studied. Administration of dihydroquercetin did not affect parameters of pig performance in fattening period. The addition of two consecutive levels of DHQ increased MLT, measured in vivo, linearly (P=0.025). The blood glucose content was linearly reduced (P<0.05). A statistically significant effect on high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in animals treated with 200 mg of DHQ (P=0.012), having a high linear dependence (P=0.007) was found, and a trend to reduce the content of triglycerides in the blood of fattening pigs.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Svilen LAZAROV, Petya VELEVA

This study aimed to examine the impact of feeding with frozen and dried pollen on the development of bee colonies (Apis mellifera L.). The study monitored changes in the strength of the bee colonies (SBC), the amount of sealed worker bee brood (SWBB), and food reserves (honey and pollen) before and after feeding during the Autumn and Spring periods. The experiment was conducted with one control group (CG) and two experimental groups - two bee colonies fed with frozen pollen (GFFP) and two bee colonies fed with dried pollen (GFDP). The results showed that during the Spring period, the SBC fed with frozen pollen was 36.52% higher than the SBC of the CG. For the same period, a higher value of the amount of pollen and the amount of SWBB was also observed in the GFFP compared to its value in the CG. In the Autumn period, the amount of brood in GFDP was 51.20% more than in the CG. In the GFFP, a greater amount of brood was also found compared to the CG, with the difference being 48.30%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Władysław MIGDAŁ, Rafał DUŚ, Dominika DOBRZAŃSKA, Łukasz MIGDAŁ

Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is used for egg production, as laboratory animals, in amateur breeding as an ornamental bird and for meat production. Quail meat is becoming more and more popular in Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze the chemical composition of Japanese quail meat from a Polish breeder, taking into account the sex of the birds. The research was carried out on 20 chilled quail carcasses - 10 females and 10 males. Meat pH, basic chemical composition, amino acid levels, fatty acid profile, cooking loss and color parameters were determined in the breast muscle. The analyzed meat was characterized by high cooking loss. The chemical composition of quail meat, especially the high protein content and low fat content, make this meat characterized by a low caloric value. The meat of males was characterized by a higher content of lysine and glutamic acid and a lower content of histidine, arginine, tyrosine and methionine compared to the meat of females. The gender of quails had no significant impact on meat quality parameters.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Genoveva STAYKOVA, Margarit ILIEV, Todor TSONEV

The subject of the study were 617 sheep from the Northeast Bulgarian Fine-Fleece Sheep Breed (NBFF) - Shumen inter-breed type, born from 2013 to 2018 and bred in the Scientific Center for Agriculture - Targovishte. The biological prolificacy trait at different ages has been investigated. There were 1839 observations of biological prolificacy from the first to the fifth lambing. The influence of the factors - breeding line, type of mating and year of birth was researched. The variance was analyzed on the basis of a multifactorial linear statistical model for each study age (consecutive lambing). The linear affiliation has a significant effect on biological prolificacy up to the third lambing. The type of mating has a significant effect on biological prolificacy at first lambing only. Sheep from the line No. 61 with FecB gene from Booroola Merino are superior in prolificacy the purebred and the lines with Australian Merino genes up to 4.5 years. The biological prolificacy increaseed by the second lambing and was highest at 3.5 years (117%).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Iulia VARZARU, Arabela Elena UNTEA, Tatiana PANAITE, Gabriela Maria CORNESCU, Mihaela SARACILA, Alexandra Gabriela OANCEA, Petru Alexandru VLAICU

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oak barn as a natural source of tannins included in low protein diets on the performance parameters, excreta composition, and nitrogen balance of laying hens. A total of 168 Lohmann Brown laying hens, 51 weeks of age, were divided into three dietary treatment groups and housed in digestibility cages. Laying hens were fed 17.5% crude protein (CP) in control 1 (C1), 15.5% CP in control 2 (C2), and 15.5% CP supplemented with 0.5 % oak barn in the experimental group (E). Dietary treatments registered a significant increase (p = 0.001) in laying production in the C2 and E groups, and a significant decrease in average egg weight (p = 0.0002) in the E group. The nitrogen balance assessment showed a significant decrease (p = 0.0004) of the nitrogen excreta in groups with reduced dietary protein (C2 and E) compared to control (C1). The cumulative effect of the two studied factors (oak bark and protein level) led to a reduction in nitrogen elimination through droppings of almost 33%, on average.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Nicoleta Aurelia LEFTER, Mihaela HĂBEANU, Anca GHEORGHE, Smaranda Mariana TOMA, Georgeta CIURESCU, Mihaela DUMITRU, Mirela Felicia RANTA

This study aims to evaluate the impact of 25% proso millet on growth performance, plasma protein profile, and nitrogen balance and to predict the releases of some greenhouse gas emissions (GES) from enteric fermentation and in the growing pig manure. During 21 days, two groups of 10 castrated male Topigs pigs with the same weight (30.48 ± 0.26 kg) and age (81 ± 3d) were fed: control (corn-triticale-soybean meal, C) or experimental (corn-proso millet-soybean meal, E). The animals were kept in metabolic cages. The GES calculation model was based on the IPCC (2016) approach, incorporating experimental parameters and prediction equations. During the analyzed period, the dietary treatment, increased (P<0.05) the growth parameters while the plasma protein profile was not significantly affected. In the E group, total nitrogen excretion (4.3%, P<0.05), and nitrogen digestibility (6.1%, P<0.05) increased while enteric CH4, g Eq.CO2 decreased (14.8%, P<0.05) vs. the C group.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Carmen IONITA, Roxana Mariana IGNATESCU, Valerica DANACU, Lucian IONITA

For the diagnosis of diseases in cattle, apart from the clinical examination of the animal, the veterinarian also needs some practical, fast, cheap and, above all, available tools. The importance of this study lies in reducing the number of known paraclinical examinations that are often difficult to manage during a rural or farm field trip and are also expensive. Because clinical signs are often nonspecific, the general clinical examination of clinically healthy cows can only lead to a suspicion of disease without a necessary tool for confirmation or discovery of an insidious pathological process. For this reason, serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) is an important component of laboratory diagnostic evaluations for the measurement of serum proteins. In our study we used 8 clinically healthy cows of which 4 lactating cows and 4 weaned cows. Although there have been fluctuations in the value of various protein fractions and low specificities have been achieved in the diagnosis of certain diseases, the determination of the serum protein profile in ruminants and the correct interpretation of their results are very useful for clinicians in the clinical diagnosis of healthy and diseased animals and can serve as basis for other specific laboratory examinations, going up to protein fractions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVII, Issue 2
Written by Ionuț RĂCĂȘANU, Sabina-Gabriela RĂCĂȘANU (GHIZDAVEȚ), Dănuț -Nicolae ENEA, Laura Florentina VLĂSCEANU, Livia VIDU, Monica MARIN, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN

Brucellosis is an infectious disease produced by bacteria of the genus Brucella spp. This disease mainly affects cows, sheep and goats, pigs and dogs. It is a zoonosis in humans it can be transmitted by 4 species of Brucella: B. suis, B. abortus, B. canis and B. melitensis, the latter being the most virulent. In animals the disease has a higher frequency of transmission during birth or abortion this being possible due to the fact that the bacteria colonize in the pregnant uterus. Once in the external environment, bacteria can survive for a long time, especially in wet and cold conditions, thus being able to be ingested by other animals. Colonization of bacteria at the level of the udder causes milk contamination. Male sperm, blood, urine and faeces of sick animals are also sources of contamination. The disease is transmitted to humans through the consumption of unpasteurized or insufficiently pasteurized milk or dairy products, consumption of meat prepared thermally insufficient or by direct contact with the infected animals, bacteria that enter the body through wounds on the skin or mucous membranes. The people most exposed to infection with Brucella spp. are represented by veterinarians, workers in slaughterhouses or farms, microbiologists. Human-to-human transmission of this zoonosis has proven to be extremely rare, but nursing mothers can transmit the infection to their children.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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