ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Radoslava ZAHARIEVA, Petya ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN

For the period 2019-2021, an ecoparasitological study of six fish species - grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Valenciennes, 1844); silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Valenciennes, 1844); pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus, 1758); Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782); gudgeon (Gobio gobio Linnaeus, 1758); European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus Bloch, 1782) was conducted. The fish were caught from 3 biotopes (Koshava, Kudelin, Novo selo) from the upper section of the Danube River in Bulgaria. A total of two parasite species (Pomphorhynchus laevis Zoega in Müller, 1776) Porta, 1908 and Contracaecum sp. (larvae) were found in two of the investigated fish species. Four fish species were not infected. The ecological indices (mean intensity; mean abundance; prevalence) of parasites were calculated. Kudelin and Koshava biotopes are new habitats for the found helminth species of the infected fish species.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Cristian-Vasile ILIȘIU, Elena ILIȘIU, Andreea-Hortensa ANGHEL, Vasile-Călin ILIȘIU, Dorina NADOLU, Camelia Zoia-ZAMFIR

Fertility, prolificacy and weaning rate were compared for Tsigai - rusty variety (TIRU) purebreed ewes and their Suffolk (50%) × German Blackface (37.5%) x Tsigai - rusty variety (12.5%) (S x BF x TIRU) contemporaries, mated at 8 and 18 months of age. The fecundity, prolificacy and weaning rate for animals mated at 8 months of age and fed in the shelter with hay and corn-barley based concentrate was 78.43%, 105.0% and 78.57% to females from TIRU and 80.0%, 100.0% and 54.17% for animals of the S x BF x TIRU genotype, respectively. For animals of the two breeds mated at 18 months of age and grazing on pastures, the fecundity, prolificacy and weaning rate was 64.71%, 100.0% and 87.88% to females from TIRU and 73.33%, 104.55% and 78.26% for animals of the S x BF x TIRU genotype, respectively. 88.24% females from TIRU and 90.0% from S x BF x TIRU genotype, mated at 8 months, have lambed once up to age of 23-24 months, and 56.86% females from TIRU and 56.66% from the animals from S x BF x TIRU genotype have lambed twice.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Andrei CIOBANU, Mihaela IVANCIA, Mădălina-Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Dana-Andreea ȘERBAN, Șteofil CREANGĂ

Considering the increasing demand for sheep meat, it is necessary to optimize the breeding strategies and the management of sheep breeding in Romania in order to satisfy this demand by obtaining animals with high genetic potential in terms of body development traits. Knowing that some of the main factors such as sex, parity, type of birth are considered sources of variation of several growth-related traits within the sheep species, the aim of the present work was to determine the influence of these factors on the birth weight of a population of Teleorman Black Head sheep. In order to achieve the scope, the birth weight character of 732 lambs born in the 2021 lambing season was studied. The data obtained by weighing were statistically processed in Excel using the software 'Real statistics'. The sex ratio was 1:0.77, with 407 females and 316 males, which had an average birth weight of 4.053 ± 0.039 kg and 4.19 ± 0.044 kg, respectively. The results showed that birth weight was insignificantly influenced by sex (p>0.01), strongly influenced by parity (p<0.01) and strongly influenced by birth type (p<0.01).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Sonya IVANOVA, Tanya NIKOLOVA, Albena DIMITROVA, Vasil PIRGOZLIEV

Essential oils are gaining more and more importance in the animal nutrition, due to their antimicrobial and immunostimulant properties. This experiment aimed to assess the effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) on feed intake growth performance, health and microbiological status of suckling piglets. A total of 71 piglets, originated from 8 sows, were randomly allocated to two treatments - control (C - 35 piglets) and experimental (OEO - 36 piglets). Sows from C group received an antibiotic-free diet, and sows from the OEO group - control diet + 0.500 g/kg feed OEO. Piglets from the OEO group were treated orally by 1 cm3/day by an emulsion of OEO from day 3 till day 14 of age and by 1 g/kg oregano powder added to creep feed from day 14 till day 35 of age. Application of OEO significantly increased sows’ feed intake during the third and fifth weeks of lactation (P<0.01). In general, the use of oregano emulsion and powder had no effect on the growth performance and health status of suckling pigs. No significant difference was found in the results of bacteriological tests for the isolation of E. coli and Salmonella spp. of rectal swab samples between the OEO and C groups.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Oleksandr MYKHALKO, Mykola POVOD, Bogdan GUTYJ, Ruslan TRYBRAT, Halyna KALYNYCHENKO, Michael GILL, Olena KRAVCHENKO, Olena KARATIEIEVA

To determine the effect of pre-slaughter weight on carcass performance of pigs of Irish origin, two groups of 14 pigs were formed with live weights of 90 and 110 kg per group, including 7 barrows and 7 gilts. After slaughter and carcass fabrication, carcass indicators were measured and the relationship to pre-slaughter weight was examined. For 110 kg pigs, a 1 kg inrease in pre-slaughter weight increased carcass chilling losses by 0.1% (r = 0.41; p<0.001), decreased carcass yield by 0.81 kg (r = -0.5; p<0.001), increased carcass length by 0.48 cm (r = -0.64; p<0.001), increased fat thickness over withers by 0.76 mm (r = 0.38; p<0.001), increased fat thickness over 6th-7th thoracic vertebrae by 0.76 mm (r = 0.37; p<0.001). For 90 kg pigs, an 1 kg increase in pre-slaughter weight increased fat thickness over 6th-7th thoracic vertebrae by 0.45 mm (r = 0.45; p<0.001), increased fat thickness in sacrum by 0.89 mm (r = 0.16; p<0.001), and decreased meat content by 0.89% (r = -0.28; p<0.001). An increase in pre-slaughter weight did not lead to a decrease in the carcass quality class.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Lovita ADRIANI, Tuti WIDJASTUTI, Tissiana Irca NABILA

Klebsiella pneumoniae has been linked with dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota. This has led to the idea of improving respiratory defense by regulating the intestinal microbiota with the supplementation of beneficial strains, such as yogurt probiotics. To develop probiotics in yogurt, the addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in it such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium is needed. Yogurt is expected to improve human health, specifically in gastrointestinal and respiratory health. This study aims to study the effect of probiotic yogurt with a specific consortium based on Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae which causes pneumonia. The literature research method used Google Scholar and PubMed from 2000 to 2022 which obtained 60 journals. Based on observations, it was shown that Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium were able to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae due to the decrease of pulmonary inflammation response after giving Lactobacillus plantarum, and the increase of IL-10 production by Bifidobacterium bacteria. Therefore, yogurt probiotics consortium could be used to prevent Klebsiella pneumoniae which causes pneumonia and lung damage.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Cornelia Daniela CUREA, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Răzvan Mihail RADU-RUSU, Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Marian PRISĂCARU, Alexandru USTUROI

The research focused on the effect of the application of the EU welfare rules on the technical-economic results achieved in a chicken broiler breeding farm. In this sense, three rearing halls identical in the usable area and technical equipment were studied, which were populated with day-old chicks Ross-308 following the densities imposed by the annual European funding program, as follows: batch Lm = 19 chickens/m2 (mandatory minimum requirements); batch Lexp-1 = 17 chickens/m2 (density reduced by 10% compared to the minimum requirements); batch Lexp-2 = 16 chickens/m2 (density reduced by 15% compared to the minimum requirements). The level of production indicators was directly influenced by the density ensured, an aspect highlighted by the values calculated for the European Production Efficiency Factor and, respectively, for the European Broiler Index, which was much higher in the lot with only 16 chickens/m2 (Lexp-2). The conclusion of the study was that the economic efficiency of chicken meat production farms affiliated with the annual European funding program strictly depends on the allocations received, as there are no price differences compared to farms that do not comply with welfare norms.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Irina PALADII, Elvira VRABIE, Valeria VRABIE, Mircea BOLOGA, Tatiana STEPURINA, Albert POLICARPOV, Cătălina SPRÎNCEAN

Electroactivation is an emerging method of non-residual processing of secondary dairy products, namely, whey with high protein content, which presents one of the directions that describe the treatment of whey with different initial protein content and the extraction of serum proteins into protein mineral concentrates. The treatment of whey with high protein content was carried out in different electrolyzers with different ratios of the processed whey volume to the electrode/cathode surface and different geometric shapes, different distances between the electrodes and the membrane, which influences the specific energy consumption per unit volume. The main objective of the work was the maximum extraction of whey proteins in protein mineral concentrates and the simultaneous isomerization of lactose into lactulose at low energy consumption and the exclusion of "dead"/inefficient areas for the electroactivation of whey in different diaphragm electrolyzers. The mechanisms of whey protein extraction depending on pH and redox potential values upon electrochemical activation of whey with high protein content are presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Mihaela IVANCIA, Andrei CIOBANU, Dănuț Dorel DRONCA, Gherasim NACU, Răzvan Alexandru POPA

The aim of the study was to estimate correlations between milk yield and growth traits. The biological material was 282 Lacaune ewes and traits studied were: milk yield (MY), body weight (BW), height at withers (HW), height at rump (HR), torso length (TL), chest width (CW), rump width (RW), chest depth (CD), chest girth (CG) and metacarpal circumference (MC). The data obtained were statistically processed and interpreted. Average values for milk yield was 120.86 kg for 135 days; average values for morphological traits was 65.10 kg for BW, 62.48 cm for WH, 63.23 cm for RW, 55.25 cm for TL, 25.04 cm for CW, 23.60 cm for RW, 24.06 cm for CD, 84.07 cm for CG and 6.91 cm for MC. Correlations were determined by Pearson test and correlation coefficients had values of +0.13 between MY x BW, -0.02 between MY x WH, -0.19 MY x RH, +0.12 between MY x TL, -0.03 between MY x CW, -0.08 between MY x RW, +0.03 between MY x CD, +0.002 between MY x CG and -0.06 between MY x MC.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Petrut-Lucian PARASCHIVESCU, Osamah Mahmood Abdulzahra MURSHEDI, Horia GROSU

In the European Union, animal breeding programs have been implemented to increase scrapie resistance in sheep. In addition to increasing animal resistance to an infectious disease, selection for pathogen resistance has the potential to lessen the transmission of the pathogen to offspring, particularly when the population under consideration may serve as the primary pathogen reservoir. Several sheep populations from Romania were used in this study: Tsurcana; Tsigae; Merinos; Cap Negru de Teleorman and some imported breeds: Suffolk; Ille de France and Awassi. Sanger sequencing method was used to identify PRNP genetic polymorphism, at 136, 154 and 171 codons. From the analyzed samples, a moderate share of the homozygous ARR allele, responsible for the highest resistance to scrapie, respectively (R1), was observed, and the heterozygous ARR/ARQ (R2) and homozygous ARQ/ARQ (R3) genotypes had an abundance of over 50% of the genotype panel. In practice, the use of phenotype as input to the model is given by numbers (risk classes from 1 to 5). To estimate the heritability of resistance to scrapie, the animal threshold model was used.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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