ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Adrian BOTA, Livia VIDU, Remus CHIOREAN, Mădălina MOLDOVAN, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN

Currently, approximately 20,000 buffaloes are raised in Romania, of which 11% are found in the Făgăraș area. The present study was conducted to observe the effect of season on the components of raw milk obtained from buffaloes cows reared in this region. 320 milk samples were collected during the morning milking, during the grazing and stalling seasons, from 80 buffaloes cows in different stages of lactation. The fat, protein, lactose, non-fat dry matter (NFS), density and pH content were determined from the collected samples. Microbiological determinations mainly considered somatic cell count (NSC) and total germ count (NTG). The individual analysis of milk samples from buffaloes revealed significant differences in terms of the variation of these parameters, the researches carried out highlighted differences determined by the breeding system of the animals involved in the study, the feeding regime, as well as the reference season. Therefore, the results of the present research indicated that the season and stage of lactation influence the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of milk and could be minimized by better management practices.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Veybe KEREH, Ivonne UNTU, Cherly PONTOH, Tilly LUMY, Nontje Juliana KUMAJAS,. Meity IMBAR

Antibiotics are currently not allowed to be used because they can make pathogenic bacteria resistant and leave residues in products. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Lohman chicken eggs' immunity was affected by drinking water containing uronic acid extracted from Sargassum crassifolium (S. crassifolium). Sixty laying hens were divided into two groups: 1) chickens fed commercial feed with antibiotics, and 2) chickens fed feed without antibiotics. The chickens were randomly assigned to one of five treatments that included brown seaweed in the drinking water, A1 = 0.0% (control); A2 = 2.5%; A3 = 5.0%; A4 = 7.5%; A5 = 10.0%. Five treatments, two factors, and three replications were used in the completely randomized study design. Six laying hen heads were included in each replication. Titer antibody and unsaturated fatty acid were different between treatments, but Salmonella sp. infection was the same. It came to the conclusion that the lohman chicken eggs' immunity and unsaturated fatty acid levels were both enhanced by the uronic acid extracted from S. crassifolium.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Cristian Andrei MURGU

Crop pests represent the sole cause of pesticide use in agroecosystems, a practice linked to pollution and health problems. The use of natural enemies against crop pests can prove to be a solution to partially alleviate this anthropic pressure and reduce associated costs. Predatory arthropods, such as spiders and carnivorous ground beetles can be efficiently used to reduce harvest consumption by pests. The community structure and overall fitness of these natural enemies (and their efficacy in pest control) are inextricably linked to the functional traits of each comprising taxa. The trait-based approach proposes functional traits and functional diversity indices, as the common denominators between biotic communities instead of taxonomic diversity. This approach for the study of predatory arthropods in agricultural ecosystems, especially in the interest of mediating production losses, has recently increased in popularity due to its ease of use for biotic communities’ assessments and for its convenience in predicating ecosystem interactions and fluxes. The scope of this research is to critically analyse the current state of knowledge on the use of the trait-based approach to study predatory arthropods in agroecosystems, in order to provide guidelines of how this framework can be efficiently used for scientific research and ecosystem management and to identify existing knowledge gaps, in order to support future scientific endeavours.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Mirela CREŢU, Lorena DEDIU, Marian Tiberiu COADĂ, Săndița PLĂCINTĂ, Cristian RÎMNICEANU, Anca Nicoleta CORDELI (SĂVESCU)

The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of two fish stocking densities on the growth performance, development, and antioxidant capacity of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) and arugula (Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa) in an aquaponic system with common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The aquaponics system consists of six rearing units for fish and twelve units for plants, purple light-led lamps for plants (36 W), biological and mechanical filters, and pumps for water recirculation. Two fish stocking densities were used: 3.5 kg×m-3 and 7 kg×m-3, each replicated three times. For each treatment or fish stocking density, 15 kale seedlings (51 plants×m-2) and 15 arugula seedlings (51 plants×m-2) were planted. All treatments were done in triplicates. At the end of the trial, the fresh weight of the plants was measured, and the results showed that the stocking density of the common carp of 7 kg×m-3 resulted in higher production of kale and arugula by maintaining good water quality for the plant and fish.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Heidy MANANGKOT, Merri ROTINSULU, Delly RUMONDOR, Avaldo TUWO

This study aims to determine the extent to which the utilization of manure flour resulting from the degradation of black fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae on egg weight, egg yolk weight and egg mass of native chickens the variables were egg weight, egg yolk and egg mass of layer phase native chickens. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications in the form of degraded manure flour (MHD) of black fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae as follows: R0 = 0% MHD flour, R1 = 5% MHD flour, R2 = 10% MHD flour and R3 = 15% MHD flour. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the variable, so it could be concluded that the use of degraded manure flour (MHD) of black fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) with a level of up to 15% in egg-laying stage native chickens was added on feed formulations.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Minodora TUDORACHE, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Gratziela Victoria BAHACIU, Andra Dorina ŞULER, Adrian Irinel DRĂGHICIU

In this study, the technological development of two wines obtained from the Feteasca Neagra grape variety was investigated, by the comparison of production methods and the wine’s specific characteristics. Although wines were made from the same grape variety, the differences between them are major. Wine production started from the same raw material, but harvested at different maturation periods, reaching different selection and processing methods, and aging methods. As for the production technologies, classical technology, and thermomaceration were used to obtain V-type wine and an artisanal technology for A-type wine (with fermentation in clay amphorae and then continued in oak barrels for 24 months, followed by bottling to aging for a minimum of 12 months). Finally, wine A-type had a lower density of 0.27% and residual sugar of 62.82%, a higher total acidity of 5.77 %, and an alcohol concentration of 13.15%. From the sensory point of view (taste, smell, color, clarity, aroma, general harmony), wine A-type received a higher score.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Marcel Daniel POPA, Viorica SAVIN, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Florentina LĂCĂTUȘ, Elena-Ioana COMAN, Elena-Cristina OANCEA, Floricel Maricel DIMA, Neculai PATRICHE, Cătălina ITICESCU

To evaluate the growth of sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus, Linnaeus 1758) in different rearing production systems (recirculating aquaculture system - RAS and earthen ponds system), the meat quality (biochemical profile), growth (allometric and Fulton coefficient) and mortality indices were determined. Sterlet sturgeon specimen were reared for 60 days in a RAS system, after which half of the biological material was transferred into earthen ponds, while the other half was further reared in the RAS system. The physico-chemical parameters of the technological water were monitored during the experimental period. The fish specimens were fed by using the same feed and the same feeding strategy. It was observed that the specimen reared in earthen ponds presented an isometric growth, while those reared in the RAS system had a positive allometric growth. The results registered after biochemical fish meat analysis highlighted that specimen reared in earthen ponds had a higher protein concentration compared to the ones reared in RAS system. As well, the survival rate of fish individuals was higher in the earthen ponds system.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Gheorghe DOBROTĂ, Nicoleta - Georgeta DOBROTĂ, Mioara COSTACHE

Infection with Saprolegnia spp. is reported more and more frequently, becoming endemic in many aquaculture units, having a devastating impact on this sector, especially on embryonated eggs during the incubation period. This paper presents the way to prevent infection with Saprolegnia spp. by applying prophylactic treatments with formaldehyde to pike-perch eggs, during the embryonic development period. The experiments were carried out in triplicate, at SCDP Nucet, Romania, in 2022, at the artificial fish reproduction station. For prevention, formaldehyde solution was used, in a concentration of 1.7ml/l, the exposure time being different: in version V1 (control) of 10 minutes and in version V2 in which the exposure time was based on the respective water temperature 5, 10 and 15 minutes. The results were very good in the V2 variant with losses due to fungal infection of 4.8%, and good in the V1 variant (control) with losses of 14.6%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Elena GHERASIM

The paper presents data on the identification of the helminth fauna structure of ecaudata amphibians from Pelophylax and Bufo genera, and the determination of its role in maintaining parasitic zoonoses (trematodosis) in fish in the Republic of Moldova. As result of helminthological investigations 4 helminths species was established: Opisthioglyphe ranae Froelich, 1791; Tylodelphys excavata Rudolphi, 1803; Isthmiophora melis Shranch, 1788 and Neodiplostomum major Dubinina, 1950. This trematode species from a taxonomic point of view fall into a class (Trematoda), 3 orders (Plagiorchiida, Echisnostomida, Diplostomida), 3 families (Omphalometridae, Echinostomatidae, Diplostomidae) and 4 genera (Opisthioglyphe, Tylodelphys, Isthmiophora, Neodiplostomum). All this species of helminths comune in amphibians and fish, species of trematodes, for the fish are a negative impact, because causing various zoonosis. The need to write such a paper is due to the fact that the study of ichthyoparasites in the Republic of Moldova was carried for a long period of time (since 1963), but at the same time there was no discussion about the groups of organisms that contribute to the maintenance of the causative parasitic agents of various trematodes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 1
Written by Dana POPA, Răzvan POPA, Maria Luiza MIRCEA, Cristian Andrei MURGU

The paper aimed to present the practice of mixed farming systems which is based on circularity and proposes stronger links between crops and livestock. It aims to emulate the nutrient circuits resulted from food production based on those in natural systems, shifting from linearity towards cyclicity to reduce anthropic impact. The paper analysed the selected articles in order to identify strategies implemented in mixed farming systems which improve circularity and have positive effects on the environment and presented the results and discussions section in the form of guidelines and based our logic structure on the principles of circularity in agricultural systems. It is recommendable that farmers and stakeholders try to preserve and, where possible, increase the biotic diversity of agricultural landscapes, both in terms of crops and livestock (for example, by using cover crops and intercropping), but also in terms of habitats that can provide beneficial ecosystem services (such as: shelter for natural enemies, nitrogen fixing plants, etc.).

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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