ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Andrіі ZOLOTAROV, Victor PISKUN, Igor SEDUYK, Svetlana ZOLOTAROVA, Lyudmyla BERESTOVA, Yuriu KRAVCHENKO

The article presents data on the influence of paratypical factors on the milk productivity of dairy cows in different regions of Ukraine on farms with different methods of keeping animals - tethered and loose ones. In order to more accurately determine the impact, a multi-criteria analysis was conducted by 10 indicators. When comparing untethered and tethered methods of keeping dairy cows, the advantage of the loose method was revealed; its objective function according to the considered criteria was the smallest one of 0.1391. This indicator appeared to be 1.1553–5.3394 times worse for the tethered method. Also, to establish the correlation between paratypical factors - daily yield of standardized milk, diet overall nutrition value, crude protein content, undegradable protein content, daily ambient temperature and air humidity, mathematical models were developed and analyzed: linear, incomplete quadratic and full quadratic ones.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Rumyana IVANOVA, Hristo HRISTEV

The aim of this paper is to study the microclimate in a dairy goat farm during the warmest (July and August) and coldest months of the year (January and February) and evaluate its impact on animal welfare and health. Temperature, relative humidity and illuminance were monitored. The severity of temperature stress was determined by calculating the temperature-humidity index (THI). The average value of THI for the month of August exceeded that for the month of July by 1.5 and it also remained above the threshold accepted for extremely high heat stress (28.6). During the cold days of the year (January and February), when the goats were mainly in the barn, THI did not exceed 17, varying between 5 and 16.8. The average relative humidity and illuminance remained within their permissible values. As a physiological adaptive response during the hot months, animals responded with an increase in rectal and skin temperature, pulse rate and respiratory movements while rumen contractions decreased.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Christine DRAGOMIR, Sylvestre DOSSA, Isidora RADULOV, Ersilia ALEXA, Mariana-Atena POIANA, Diana-Nicoleta RABA, Corina Dana MISCA, Ileana COCAN, Monica NEGREA, Gabriel SUSTER, Carmen Daniela PETCU

This study aimed to design innovative pasta formulations with improved functional properties starting from a basic matrix consisting of a mixture of barley and oat flour which was fortified by including sea buckthorn powder in the recipe. For this purpose, in the novel pasta formulations, the barley/oat flour was replaced with sea buckthorn powder in proportions of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w). After preparation, pasta formulations were assessed in respect of proximate composition, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity expressed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value and the inhibition percentage of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results showed that the content of analyzed bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of innovative pasta formulations increased significantly (p < 0.05) by using the sea buckthorn powder in the recipe. The highest increase for all investigated parameters was recorded for pasta in which barley/oat flour was substituted with 25% of the sea buckthorn powder. The obtained results reveal the desirability of using sea buckthorn to develop novel pasta formulas with enhanced functionality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Andreea ȘERBAN, Mihaela IVANCIA, Andrei CIOBANU, Șteofil CREANGĂ

This study refers to the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which is an adaptable species that enriches the variability of quantitative and qualitative characteristics and increases genetic diversity. Local aquaculture populations of common carp, called "landraces," have developed due to different environmental conditions and breeding efforts. However, the introduction of carp in some areas has led to negative impacts on natural aquatic ecosystems. To improve the quality of economically important fish species, the variation in morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics is utilized. In this study, a patent application for a system for reproduction, selection, and growth of fish fry with the simulation of natural conditions is described. The article explains the method used to replicate the natural aquatic environment and create viable products with high genetic adaptability to its conditions. The process falls into the category of extensive aquaculture, promoting sustainable aquaculture by increasing the percentage of ecological and environmentally friendly productions. The study concludes with the results and the development of a set-up of the station for laboratory use.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Mugurel COLA, Florica COLA

The somatic cell count in the mixed milk of the 4 quarters has dropped from 1.155 million to 200 thousand within 120 hours of the last treatment. In cow 5390 somatic cell count tends to decrease after 48 hours of treatment and this can be interpreted as a success of treatment. However, 72 hours after treatment, the somatic cell count increases again, in the affected quarter causing an increase in the somatic cell count in the mixed milk of the 4 breast quarters from 565 thousand to 812 thousand somatic cells. The amount of residue excreted via milk as a percentage of the total amount applied was from 5.2% to 45.3%. In the group of cows milked 1.5 times a day, the percentage of residue excreted via milk was 17.75% compared to 27.51% in the group of cows with two milkings per day. The average milk yield of the group of cows milked twice a day was 23.55 ± 4.8 kg standard deviation and in the group of cows milked 1.5 times a day was 26.4 ± 2.59 kg.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Miroslav HRISTOV, Nikolay MARKOV, Tsvetelina DIMITROVA, Lora MONDESHKA, Svetoslava STOYCHEVA

Limousin is a cattle breed created and selected in France, more than 150 years ago in the region of the cities of Limoges, Albussac, La Courtine in the regions of Limousin and Marche that are part of the central massif of southwestern France, through artificial and natural selection, by the way of selection of the local Blonde d'Aquitaine, distinguished by a rough constitution and used for work. Local natural and climatic conditions affected on its creation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the creation, consolidation, exterior and constitution and related selection, available gene pool and the trend of distribution of Limousin breed worldwide, in Europe, and particularly Bulgaria. This is a breed with excellent meat production qualities. The cattle of this breed are unpretentious in feeding and care, having good utilization of pastures, and have normal fertility. They are resistant to diseases, and show intensive growth. They are used for the production of lean, high-quality beef and for industrial cross-breeding. The study is based on analysis of scientific developments and concepts dedicated to beef cattle breeding. General scientific research methods, information-logical analysis of scientific and scientific-practical information were used as methodological basis for its implementation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Тatiana LUPOLOV, Оleg МАSHNЕR, Elena GUMINSKAYA, Igor PETCU, Valentina PETCU

This article provides data on candidate genes CS3, CS2, BLG, LALBA as molecular markers for predicting milk productivity, technological properties of milk in cattle of Red Estonian, black-mottled Belarusian and Moldovan breeds, Karakul sheep breed, and also, OV, TFR loci in chickens of various breeds. The marker selection makes it possible to identify animals with valuable genes and preserve them in the population, as well as to look for a relationship with economically useful traits. The disadvantage of this method today is the high cost of research. Analyzing the relationship of candidate genes with productive qualities, it can be seen that the genotypes beneficial for one breed are not those for another breed. This is due to the degree of absorption of the breed - founder/bull in crosses and breeding 'in itself', etc. Nevertheless, in our opinion, valuable kappa-casein alleles are introduced by individuals of the Holstein and Simmental breeds, which are of the greatest value for breeding.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Ștefan RUSU, Dumitru ERHAN, Maria ZAMORNEA, Ion TODERAȘ, Oleg CHIHAI, Ion GOLOGAN, Viorelia RUSU, Nicolai BOTNARU, Nina CHIHAI, Maria RUSU

The scientific paper elucidates the importance of using remedies of natural origin, compared to those of chemical origin, in combating ectoparasites in gallinaceous birds. For the first time, the antiectoparasitic efficacy of the natural extract Ectogalimol, obtained from the plant raw material, dry aerial parts of the Dalmatian chamomile (Pyretrum cinerariifolium Trev.) which in a concentration of 3%, administered by spraying in two rounds at an interval of 14 days, in a dose of 50 ml per bird, possesses a high therapeutic effectiveness against the various species of ectoparasites (bird lice, fleas and gamasid mites). For comparative purposes, the drug Ivermec-OR is used, which also possesses a high antiparasitic efficacy against various species of bird lice, fleas and gamasid mites in gallinaceous birds, compared to the natural extract Ectogalimol, which does not require restrictions on the consumption of products and by-products from treated birds.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Mariya CHUNCHUKOVA, Diana KIRIN

Twelve specimens of northern pike (Esox lucius (Linnaeus, 1758)) were caught from the Maritsa River during 2020-2021 and examined for parasites. Helminth parasites were found in 50% of the examined northern pikes (6 specimens) from the Maritsa River. Two species of parasites were fixed: one trematode species (Bunodera luciopercae (Müller, 1776)) and one nematode species (Raphidascaris acus (Bloch, 1779)). The dominant structure of the established species is represented at the level of component communities and infracommunities. R. acus is a core species for the component community of Esox lucius from the Maritsa River. B. luciopercae is an accidental parasite species for northern pike helminth communities. The data for the infracommunities were used to determine the basic biotic indices. The bioindicator significance of the established parasite species was discussed for an ecological assessment of the studied river ecosystem. As a result of the conducted research, new data on the parasite fauna of E. lucius from the Maritsa River have been presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Natia Joseph KOUADIO, Soro Mariam TIEKOUNGO, N'gbesso Amos EKISSI, Sea Bernard TEHI

The COVID-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian crisis have aggravated an already catastrophic food security and nutrition situation in the majority of low-income nations, with 12.9% of the population undernourished and over 45% of children under five dying. As a result, edible insects may be a good source of alternative protein as a dietary supplement. The goal of this study was to first assess the in vivo nutritional impact of composite flours made from sorghum and caterpillar and then choose the best flour for biochemical characterization, amino acid, fatty acid, and vitamin quantification. A statistical study demonstrated a significant difference in weight growth (7.57 ± 0.53 g/d and 10.82 ± 2.56 g/d), but no difference in the biological value (0.80-0.94) of the composite flours. F2 composite flour has a protein level of 22.31 ± 0.44% and the presence of important amino acids, a low fat content of 6.56 ± 0.07%, and the presence of vitamins A, B1, B2, B9, B12, C, and E. The nutritional potentialities F2 composite flour imply that this flour might be used in newborn feeding to prevent infant malnutrition in the current COVID epidemic and Russian-Ukrainian crisis.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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