ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Jamila YEHMED, Lucian Constantin IRIMESCU, Maria-Luiza MIRCEA, Andreea Ionela ZINCA, Elena RĂDUCANU, Daniela-Mihaela GRIGORE, Elena Narcisa POGURSCHI

Legumes are a rich source of bioactive compounds such as phenolic or polyphenolic compounds, particularly tocopherols. Legumes antioxidants are widespread for their radical scavenging proprieties as active biologic compounds belonging to various chemical classes. Polyphenols are the most studied molecules of both nutritional and pharmaceutical interest. Furthermore, an overview concerning the antioxidant capacity and determination is mandatory for the precise and accurate method selection, involving cost-effectiveness and time-saving, towards gathering networks between research and development fields. The current review aims to summarize the presence of the natural antioxidant, their multiple biological effects, and the various approaches to methods determinations.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Delia-Gabriela DUMBRAVA, Diana-Nicoleta RABA, Camelia MOLDOVAN, Mirela-Viorica POPA, Corina Dana MISCA, Mariana-Atena POIANA, Marioara DRUGA, Carmen Daniela PETCU

Since the beginning of the third millennium, globally, there has been a continuous increase of the flexitarian, vegetarian and vegan diet people number, which has led to a higher market demand for plant-based alternatives to meat products. The work first goal was to obtain a cashew nuts pariser, in two assortments: VCP1 and VCP2, the difference between them being that in VCP2 was added red beet juice as natural coloring. Another aim of this paper was to analyze the two finished products concerning total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity by Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) and by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity (RSA), proximate composition, energy value and sensory characteristics (5 points hedonic scale). Because, compared to cashews, red beet juice had a TPC (9.46±0.14 mg gallic acid/g) more than twice as high, a CUPRAC (68.72±0.18 mg Trolox/g) more than 5 times higher, a stronger RSA, the addition of this juice to VCP2 determined a higher TPC and a better antioxidant activity compared to VCP1. Both finished products were well appreciated by tasters for all organoleptic characteristics.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Éva HAJNAL

The main goal is to estimate the HR value from the activity sensor 3D acceleration measurements of the cattle rumen bolus. During the development of the algorithm it was intended to execute the primary calculations on the device's microcontroller and the additional calculations could be performed on the server. The proposed HR estimation algorithm is based on simple data cleaning and peak detection, but the validation and postprocessing of the detection uses AI methods, namely MLP artificial neural network with different cell numbers. The accuracy of the period estimation (IBI) was ±50ms, which means an 8% error. This allows basic alerts to be implemented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Mariia VOROBEL, Vasyl KAPLINSKYI, Oleh KLYM, Taras PRUDYUS, Natalia LOPOTYCH, Viktoriia MOMUT, Halyna BILOVUS, Olha STEFANYSHYN, Mariia TSAP, Andrii PYLYPETS, Oksana SMOLYANINOVA, Ivan LUCHKA

The anthropogenic impact of agricultural production on the atmosphere occurs as a result of the release of decomposition products of organic waste into it – greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming and climate change, and thus to a decrease in the efficiency of agriculture. Livestock waste due to mass accumulation is not only a valuable organic fertilizer, but also a producer of environmental pollution, as it causes a significant ecological load on soils, surface and underground waters. The article examines the problem of environmental pollution by greenhouse gases in the livestock industry, the main trends of climate change, causes and consequences. The harmful impact on the natural environment of the activities of large livestock complexes is analyzed. The livestock sector has a significant contribution to the total greenhouse gases emissions, which reach 18% and exceed emissions from transport (14%). The main greenhouse gases are characterized and their role in creating the greenhouse effect is revealed. Certain promising directions for solving the considered problems have been outlined, which will make it possible to minimize the negative impact of livestock farming on the environment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Elena GHERASIM

In this scientific work are exposed data with reference to the description of the diversity of the helminthic fauna of ecaudata amphibians from Ranidae and Bufonidae families, and the determination of its role as vectors for various groups of helminths to wild and domestic animals. As result of helminthological investigations during 2020-2022 years, 17 helminths species (secernentea, trematoda, palaeacanthocephala) was established: H. variegatus Rudolphi, 1819; G. varsoviensis Sinitzin, 1905;C.urniger Rudolphi, 1819; P. robusta Szidat, 1928; P. brumpti Buttner, 1951; P. confusus Looss, 1894; T. excavata Rudolphi, 1803; D. subclavatus Pallas, 1760; O. ranae Froelich, 1791 S. falconis Szidat, 1928; H. cylindracea Zeder, 1800; P. medians Olsson, 1876, C. ornata Dujardin, 1845; O. filiformis Goeze, 1782; I. neglecta Diesing, 1851; S. lupi Rudolphi, 1809; A. ranae Schrank, 1788). Of the 17 helminth species detected in amphibians, a special importance is attributed to the presence of 4 species of medical-veterinary importance helminths (Spirocerca lupi, Codonocephalus urniger, Parastrigea robusta, Strigea falconis), which can cause sterility, parastrigeosis and strigeosis in birds, as well as spirocercosis in dogs, foxes, wolves and occasionally in goat, horse, cattle and other.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Loredana PLUSTEA (PAVEN), Diana Nicoleta RABA, Monica NEGREA, Ileana COCAN, Christine DRAGOMIR, Mariana-Atena POIANA, Carmen Daniela PETCU, Mirabela CHICA, Antoanela COZMA, Adina BERBECEA, Ersilia ALEXA

The paper aims to study the nutritional and sensorial properties of bakery products fortified with lupin sprouts. The lupin seeds were germinated, and the sprouts collected after 14 days of germination were dried and ground. Wheat flour mixed with different percentages of sprout flour (10-30%) was used to obtain bun-type bakery products obtained from leavened dough. The proximate composition (proteins, lipids, mineral substances, carbohydrates), macro and microelements composition and the content of total polyphenols, as well as the antioxidant activity of fortified products was determined. The obtained results showed that the maximum mineral content was recorded in the case of buns with 30% (2.225%). The content of total polyphenols varied between 8.0-28.9 µM GAE/g.d.m.) and antioxidant activity (2.52-9.44 µM Fe2+/g d.m.). Elemental composition highlighted an increase of Cu (0.873-1.382 ppm), Ni (0.647-1.348 ppm), Mn (0.622-283.409 ppm), Fe (2.182-12.197 ppm), Zn (3.440-14.133 ppm), Na (607.973-851.325 ppm), Mg (165.781-389.073 ppm), Ca (451.163-502.318 ppm), K (202.683-420.596 ppm) with the percentage of lupin sprouts addition. Sensorial analysis showed that the addition of 10% lupin sprouts was appreciated by consumers regarding all the sensory parameters analyzed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Elisabeta Elena POPA, Mihaela GEICU-CRISTEA, Roxana Elena ALECU, Amalia Carmen MITELUŢ, Maria RAPA, Camelia DIGUŢĂ, Paul Alexandru POPESCU, Mihaela Cristina DRĂGHICI, Mona Elena POPA

Meat quality and safety is of great importance, and it frequently depends on the packaging technology. Recently, active packaging gained more and more attention in food industry, due to its ability to carry antimicrobial and antioxidant ingredients, which could lead to enhanced properties of the packed food. The aim of this study was to determine the quality parameters of fresh minced beef during storage in the presence of an active packaging material based on PLA, PHBV and nano emulsion of nisin and dill essential oil. Physical-chemical and microbiological analysis were performed for fresh minced beef quality determination. Furthermore, a challenge test was performed using Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 as test microorganism to determine the developed materials antimicrobial efficacy. The results showed that the application of active packaging decreased the microbial load during storage at 4ᵒC.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Dimitrinka KUZMANOVA, Mariya CHUNCHUKOVA, Diana KIRIN

The study presents for the first time the Cherna River, southern Bulgaria, Aegean water basin, the results of research on the biological diversity and helminth communities of the Round-scaled barbell Barbus cyclolepis Heckel, 1837. 30 specimens of B. cyclolepis are studied. Infection by 5 species of helminths are found (Allocreadium isoporum (Loos, 1894); Bathybothrium rectangulum (Bloch, 1782); Caryophyllaeus laticeps (Pallas, 1781); Capillaria petruschewskii Zeder, 1800; Neoechinorhynchus rutili (Müller, 1780)). The infection indices and the dominant structure of helminth communities are presented. Basic biotic indices are determined. Helminth communities are analyzed at two levels: infracommunity and component community. All established parasite species are autogenous for the helminth communities of the Round-scaled barbell from the freshwater ecosystem of the Cherna River. New data for helminths and helminth communities of B. cyclolepis are presented. The bioindicator significance of helminths and helminth communities are discussed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Valentina CEBOTARI, Ion BUZU

The aim of the present work was to reveal the impact of climate changes of atmospheric precipitation on the vital activity of bee colonies. To elucidate this impact, Pearson's linear correlation coefficients were calculated between monthly atmospheric precipitation and the average annual value of each of the 6 main morpho-productive characters of bee families, such as: queen prolificacy, winter resistance, strength and colony resistance to disease, brood viability and honey production. The scientific research was carried out on the families of Apis mellifera bees from the Carpathian race at the "Apibio Regina Mierii" experimental apiary. For the research, the average monthly and annual atmospheric precipitation data for the last 11 years (2010-2020) from the nearest hydrometeorological station, located at a distance of 27 km from the apiary, were used. The results of the research demonstrated that the winter resistance of bee families has an obvious tendency to be positively influenced by atmospheric precipitation in March (rxy = 0.461 ± 0.237; tr = 1.95; P < 0.1). The prolificacy of queens is influenced negatively - by atmospheric precipitation in June (rxy = -0.582 ± 0.199; tr = 2.92; P < 0.01) and positively - by atmospheric precipitation in July (rxy = 0.579 ± 0.200; tr = 2.89; P < 0.01). The strength of bee colonies is positively influenced by atmospheric precipitation in December of the previous year (rxy = 0.571 ± 0.213; tr = 2.68; P < 0.05), as well as in March (rxy = 0.561 ± 0.206; tr = 2.72; P < 0.05) and July (rxy= 0.482 ± 0.231; tr= 2.09; P < 0.05) of the current year. The viability of the bee brood is negatively influenced by atmospheric precipitation in the months of January (rxy = -0.469 ± 0.235; tr = 2.00; P < 0.05) and May (rxy = -0.577 ± 0.201; tr = 2.87; P < 0.01) of the current year, and positive - from the atmospheric precipitation in March of the current year (rxy = 0.504 ± 0.225; tr = 2.24; P < 0.05) and October of the previous year (rxy = 0.599 ± 0.203; tr = 2.95; P < 0.01). Disease resistance of bee families is influenced negatively - by atmospheric precipitation in January of the current year (rxy = -0.497 ± 0.227; tr = 2.19; P < 0.05) and positively - by atmospheric precipitation in August of the previous year (rxy = 0.565 ± 0.215; tr = 2.63; P < 0.05), as well as the annual atmospheric precipitation of the previous year (rxy = 0.560 ± 0.217; tr = 2.58; P < 0.05). Honey production of bee families is positively influenced - by atmospheric precipitation in the months of September (rxy = 0.711 ± 0.156; tr = 4.56; P < 0.001), November (rxy = 0.599 ± 0.203; tr = 2.95; P < 0.01) and annual (rxy = 0.560 ± 0.217; tr = 2.58; P < 0.05) of the previous year, and negatively - by atmospheric precipitation in February (rxy = -0.706 ± 0.151; tr = 4.68; P < 0.001) and June (rxy = -0.511 ± 0.223; tr = 2.29; P < 0.05) of the current year.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Ștefan RUSU, Dumitru ERHAN, Maria ZAMORNEA, Oleg CHIHAI, Viorelia RUSU, Olesea GLIGA, Ion GOLOGAN, Nicolai BOTNARU, Nina CHIHAI, Maria RUSU

The study of the composition and process for additional feeding and deworming of hares is an important, fundamental and, especially, applicative issue, because some species serve as definitive hosts in the development cycle and as parasitic vectors, being dangerous for both domestic animals and humans. Parasitosis are the most common diseases in wildlife of the hunting fauna, which results with substantial economic losses. The invention relates to the protection of hunting fauna, namely to a composition and a process for additional feeding and deworming of hares. The composition, according to the invention, comprises, in %: oats 30.0-50.0, wheat 4.0-7.0, barley 2.0-4.0, corn 2.0-4.0, sunflower groats 2.0-4.0, soybean groats 2.0-4.0, bentonite 20.0-30.0, molasses 1.0-2.0, dextrin 2.0-3.0, premix containing vitamins, oligoelements, minerals, coccidiostatic and antioxidant 1.0-2.0, and a preparation containing 20% albendazole 1.0-2.0. The process, according to the invention, provides for the administration to hares of said composition, in a dose of 75 g/hare, in winter, twice with an interval of 14 days, in the form of briquettes, placed at a height of 25-40 cm from the soil.

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