ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Sergiu BALACCI, Ion BALAN, Vladimir BUZAN, Nicolae ROȘCA

This paper reflects the research carried out regarding the status in copper, zinc and iron depending to the intake of the mineral supplement 'PMVAS' and establishing the correlation between the action of the food factor and the action of the low temperature of a moderate stress intensity on the organism of the calves in the early postnatal period. Thus, the paper presents the results of the separate action of the mineral premix 'PMVAS' and its conjugate with the thermal factor on some indices of saline metabolism in calves in postnatal period carried out in order to correct the deficiency of trace elements and determine the parameters that can act beneficially on homeostasis, resistance and adaptive capacities of animals to the action of the environment. At the separate and combined application of the factors studied in dynamics (7, 30, 60, 90 days) on the organism of the calves were obtained representative data regarding the functional state of the organism demonstrating a moderate intensification of the metabolism of trace elements.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by George NICA, Bianca GROSEANU, Livia VIDU

In order for dairy cows to manifest their genetic potential and for the farmer to achieve good milk production, it is necessary to respect animal welfare. The welfare of the animal means giving it the chance to manifest its behavior, but at the same time the relationship of the animal caretaker matters a lot. The integrative system ANI 35L/2000 provides a point award to each of the five system-specific criteria to determine where the weaknesses are on the farm and where the strengths are. This study shows with the help of the ANI 35 number system where there are vulnerabilities and where there are not. Also, grazing is a strong point for establishing the welfare of dairy cows.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Victor ŢÎŢEI

Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, is a multipurpose Fabaceae species, widely used around the world, notably as a source of protein, used to restore soil fertility, which can tolerate high temperatures and arid climate. This research was aimed at evaluating the nutritive value of fodder from the chickpea, local cultivar 'ICHEL’, grown in monoculture in an experimental field of the National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chişinău, Republic of Moldova. The results revealed that the dry matter of the whole Cicer arietinum plant contained 19.7% CP, 20.5%CF, 12.6% ash, 24,0% ADF, 37.6% NDF, 4.6% ADL, 18.1% TSS, 19.4% Cel, 13.6% HC, with nutritive and energy value 815 g/kg DMD, 737 g/kg DOM, RFV=174, 11.25 MJ/kg ME and 7.26 MJ/kg NEl. The quality of the prepared hay was: 19.4% CP, 23.8% CF, 13.4% ash, 28.3% ADF, 43.8% NDF, 5.4% ADL, 8.9% TSS, 22.9% Cel, 15.5% HC, 748 g/kg DMD, 647 g/kg DOM, RFV=142, 10.76 MJ/kg ME and 6.77 MJ/kg NEl. The dry matter of the fermented fodder contained 22.2% CP, 15.0% CF, 14.6% ash, 18.1% ADF, 31.3% NDF, 2.0% ADL, 19.8% TSS, 16.1% Cel, 13.2% HC, 59.62 mg/kg carotene, 890 g/kg DMD, 810 g/kg DOM, RFV=222, 13.2 MJ/kg ME, 7.48 MJ/kg NEl. The harvested biomass of the chickpea cultivar 'Ichel’ can be used as alternative fodder for farm animals.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Genoveva STAYKOVA, Margarit ILIEV, Todor TSONEV, Georgi ANEV

The Booroola Merino Breed, developed in Australia, is a valuable genetic resource for increasing biological fecundity in sheep worldwide. The purpose of this study was to summarize information about the Booroola Merino breed and its use worldwide and in Bulgaria for increasing the reproductive potential of Merino sheep and other breeds. The positive effect of the introduction of the FecB gene for high fecundity in sheep has been confirmed by a number of authors over a period of over 30 years. It has been established that crosses with Booroola achieve up to 30% higher ovulation rates and 20% more lambs after weaning compared to the purebred animals. The positive effect of introducing the FecB gene from Booroola in the Bulgarian fine-fleece breeds of sheep was established in terms of increasing the ovulation rate and the number of lambs born, with an insignificant negative impact on weight development and wool productivity. Negative effects can be reduced by choosing appropriate crossing schemes. Achieving a balance between benefit and risk in the introduction of the FecB gene from Booroola is an important condition for increasing the economic effect of animal husbandry and creating sustainable production in sheep farms.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Yosyp RIVIS, Volodymyr POSTOYENKO, Oleg STASIV, Olga STADNYTSKA, Bogdan GUTYJ, Svetlana USENKO, Bogdan SHAFERIVSKYI, Tetyna KARUNNA, Olena BEZALTYCHNA, Valentina YASKO, Olga HOPANENKO, Оleksandr DIACHENKO, Oleg KLUM, Ivan SARANCHUK

The work aimed to record the content of heavy metals, including toxic and esterified forms of fatty acids in tissues, and the honey productivity of bees in different natural zones of the Carpathian region. The level of dangerous elements of the first class of toxicity - Lead and Cadmium - increases significantly in the tissues of honey bees of the foothills and forest-steppe zones, compared to the conditionally clean mountain environment. In the Carpathian region, all heavy metals accumulate in more significant quantities in the abdominal tissues of honey bees than in the tissues of the chest and head. In the direction from the mountain to the foothills and further to the forest-steppe zone of the Carpathian region, a decrease in the content of esterified forms of fatty acids is observed in the tissues of honey bees. The intensity of conversion of the esterified form of linolenic acid into its longer-chain and unsaturated fatty acids of the omega-3 family in the tissues of the head of honeybees in the foothills and especially in the forest-steppe zones is sharply reduced.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Octavia Maria TAMAS-KRUMPE, Andrei STAN, Grigore ONACIU, Sebastian OGNEAN, Arghil ILEA, Doru NECULA, Aurelia COROIAN, Daniel BEREAN, Călin LAŢIU, Laurenţ OGNEAN

Nowadays, the interest in jennet milk has considerably increased worldwide due to its nutritional characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the main physicochemical and hygienic-sanitary parameters of some jennet milk samples, by using current methods of quality monitoring. The following physicochemical (dry matter - DM, non-fat dry matter - NDM, fat, total protein, β-casein, lactose, and cryoscopic point), metabolic (urea, acetone, and β-hydroxybutyrate - BHB) and hygienic parameters (total bacteria count - TBC, somatic cell count - SCC and differential somatic cell count - DSCC) were assessed. Additionally, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, temperature, and density were investigated. The results revealed variations of total DM (9.64-11.11%), which were mainly given by the NDM oscillations (8.62-9.54%) and to a lesser extent by the fat content (0.25-1.66%). The study also emphasized low values of EC (1.75 mS/cm), TBC (22.16-62.15x103 CFU/mL), and SCC (3-30x103 cells/mL). The good health status was also confirmed by other metabolic indices, such as urea (36.27 mmol/L), acetone (0.06 mmol/L), and BHB (0.14 mmol/L).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Tsvetelina NIKOLOVA, Vera PETROVA

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a geophytic plant which is one of the most commonly known medicinal and aromatic plant species in the world. The stigma of saffron is used for dye, food, or beverages additive and in the pharmacology industries. The saffron crocus has been cultivated in our country quite recently, but the areas with this crop are rapidly increasing. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is the most expensive spice in the world. This plant species is propagated vegetatively through the formation of daughter corms from the mother one. The field experiment was conducted to determine the most suitable bulb size for saffron cultivation. In the present article, we summarize scientific observations on the influence of air factors on the development of saffron and the size of the bulbs, their mass and also the number of daughter bulbs. One of the most important organs for plant development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Madalina Alexandra DAVIDESCU, Claudia PANZARU, Daniel SIMEANU, Andrei CIOBANU, Bianca Maria MADESCU, Ioana POROSNICU, Steofil CREANGA

The purpose of this article was to evaluate the efficacy of heat treatment procedures used on sour cream, a raw material used to make butter. To investigate the safety of sour cream, 25 samples of unpasteurized sour cream, 25 samples of pasteurised sour cream, and 25 samples of butter were evaluated. The samples were then subjected to enzymatic and biochemical analysis. The titratable acidity of unpasteurized sour cream resulted was 19.84±0.10 °T. All 25 samples tested positive for peroxidase activity. The titratable acidity of pasteurised sour cream was 20.24°T, although the peroxidase activity was negative. Using the reductase test with methylene blue, the samples of unpasteurized sour cream ranged in the second quality class, with a discoloration interval of samples substrate till 289.60±3.49 minutes. The titratable acidity of the butter was 2.59±0.04°T, and the peroxidase activity was negative in all 25 samples. The sour cream heat treatment techniques have been validated, with the examination of the two dairy products yielding good findings in compliance with standards.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Aurelia NICA, Alina ANTACHE, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Stefan-Mihai PETREA, Catalina ITICESCU, Victor CRISTEA

As far as we known there are many scientists doing a lot of researches about animal physiologic regarding the influence and the result of different factors on fish metabolic rate. We can mention as an example: mass, temperature or chemical pollutants on metabolic rate. Regarding intraspecific variation, the reasons why it isn’t very well known less about factors causing. It is well known that feeding control influences the metabolism, they interlinked each other. During the last years we have been seeing a lot of climate changes which affect also the fish. Many areas like ecological niches, metabolic performance is definitively influenced by two very important factors like oxygen or temperature. Sometimes, when we have most important environmental variables, the answer for these variables is the temperature of the water and as an effect of this environmental variables we could see the metabolic rates of ectotherms. For this reason, wise minds studied besides water temperature the also the effects of this factor on fish metabolic rate. The also concluded that other environmental factors like oxygen and salinity play very important role as potential determinations of the fish metabolic rate. This review aims to integrate the currently existing data regarding the influence of environmental factors on metabolic rate in fish.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXVI, Issue 2
Written by Ion BALAN, Vladimir BUZAN, Nicolae ROȘCA, Sergiu BALACCI, Roman CREȚU, Galina OSIPCIUC, Gheorghe BACU, Alexei HANȚAȚUC, Artiom FILIPPOV, Alexandru DUBALARI

This paper includes the study of specialized scientific bibliographic sources and the research of the influence of polyphenols on the improvement of the state of oxidative stress on the organism of breeding rooster. It is established that dandelion polyphenols have a beneficial influence and have the ability to stop and block reactive forms of oxygen through fermentative and non-fermentative antioxidant systems. All these changes are observed in the obtained results. It is established that there is an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the experimental group compared to the corresponding control group 159.6±0.69 and 110.93±0.30 u/c, as well as catalase indicates significant changes in the experimental group versus the corresponding control group 35.0±0.53 and 26.23±0.37 μM/L, which provides reliable protection of the organism against the toxic effects of high concentrations of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide.

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