ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by M. M. Das, V. K. Yadav, Archana Singh, P. Sharma, P. K. Ghosh

Grass pea is a very popular crop in many Asian and African countries where it is grown either for livestock feed or human consumption. The most important trait of grass pea consists of its drought tolerance and adaptability to diverse climatic conditions. In spite of the importance of grass pea for human and livestock, the crop has limited uses due to the presence of neurotoxic compound β-ODAP in seeds and plant parts, which causes Lathyrism in human beings and animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrient utilization and growth performance of sheep fed grass pea hay based diet and to compare its feeding value to Berseem hay (Trifolium alexandrinum), a conventional legume fed to livestock in India. Eighteen growing Jalauni lambs of live weight (15.46 ±0.57 kg) were divided in to three groups of six animals in each. Animals of G1 (control) was fed berseem hay ad libitum as basal roughage whereas in the diet of G2 and G3, berseem hay was replaced with grass pea hay 50% and 100%, respectively. All the groups received 200 g crushed maize grain daily for 90 days. At the middle of the experimental feeding, a digestion cum metabolism trial was conducted for 7 days. DM intake (kg per 100 kg live weight and g per kg W0.75) was comparable among the groups. Digestibility of nutrients viz., DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF were none significantly different among the groups. Digestible crude protein (DCP) intake (g/d) ranged from 64.68±4.22 in G2 to 68.00±3.01 in G3. Total digestible nutrients (TDN) intake (g/d) was also comparable among the groups. Nutrient content (%) in terms of DCP and TDN were (8.64±0.56 and 62.89±1.73), (8.42±0.73 and 62.89±0.64), (9.03±0.24 and 64.63±0.63), respectively in different diets. Daily live weight gain (g/d) was (84.10±3.59) in G1, (83.53±4.30) in G2 and (86.05±3.77) in G3, respectively. No adverse effect on feeding grass pea hay on body condition was observed in experimental lambs. It was concluded that nutrient intake and utilization and growth performance were comparable in Jalauni lambs fed either berseem hay or grass pea hay based diet and grass pea hay could safely be incorporated to ruminant’s diet without any adverse affection body condition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Gheorghe BORONCIUC, Ion BALAN, Vladimir BUZAN, Nicolae ROŞCA, Ion MEREUŢA, Iulia CAZACOV, Melania BUCARCIUC

The method of long-term preservation of mammalian semen in deep-frozen condition provides great opportunities for development and improvement of the system of reproduction of farm animals. Using this method it is possible to check the breeders on the quality of offspring so as to maximum use the improvers. This allows to perform the large-scale genetic selection in animal husbandry, which significantly increases the rate of mass improvement of breeding and productive qualities of animals. However, the existing cryotechnology not provide maximum preservation of the biological integrity of the reproductive cells. Comprehensive research has shown the possibility of increasing the efficiency of cryopreservation by improving of synthetic mediums and the development of optimum process parameters cryopreservation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by O Baris CITIL, Oguz YIGIT, Cem KONUK, M Selcuk ALATAS, Abdullah OZBILGIN, Oguzhan KAHRAMAN, Mehmet AKOZ

In this study, the phenolic content of sunflower seed meal, cotton seed meal and soybean meal which are added in rations, has been identified. The meals drogs that gathered from 7 different feed factories in Konya, were purified from their fats by extraction with petrolium ether. The extracts prepared from the fat extracted drogs by using 70% aqueous methanol in the agitated water bath at 40° C, were used for determination of phenolic compound. Total phenolic compound of obtained extracts were appointed with spectrophotometer in 750 nm terms of gallic acid as per Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reactions. The identified phenolic compound of meals was compared with each other. As a result, the sunflower seed meal was identified as the most phenolic compound contained meal.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Elena SCRIPNIC, Nicolae EREMIA

The eggs treatment process is one from which the result of incubation largely depends. In incubation for eggs disinfection are used different methods that affect the bacterial load. Choosing the most effective methods of eggs disinfection will depend on how used substances will influence on embryonic and postembryonic development of poultry. Currently the use of substances having disinfectant effect which would not have negative influence during embryonic and postembryonic development is one of the latest trends. As an alternative to chemical treatment methods it was proposed the use of propolis extract in hens’ egg incubation. The aim of research was to determine the influence of propolis extract on hatching indices used in incubation of hens’ eggs. At the end of the experience and data recording there was established that the maximum index of eggs hatchability was received as a result of using as a disinfectant the propolis extract in an amount of 2 ml/70 ml of water and 4 ml/70 ml water daily during the whole period of incubation. Hatchability was higher in first experimental group compared to the control group and second experimental group.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Hasan OZ, Atılgan ATILGAN, Ali COSKAN

The content of the air surrounding animals is important in terms of poultry production. Particularly increasing concentration of some harmful gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and methane cause unfavorable conditions for animals. In the insufficient ventilation conditions these gases should be taken into consideration. In this research, the ammonia reduction effect of zeolite incorporation to litter was investigated at the poultry house which 22 m long, 10 m wide, capable to produce 3000 chicken at once. Twenty-five percent of zeolite (w/w) was applied to litter as 3 m wide band throughout the short edge of the poultry house to prevent rise of ammonia concentration. EFM/C coded electrochemical ammonia sensors were used to determine ammonia level whereas 16 bit AD/DA converter was used to log data on PC using self-developed software. The first sensor located in the middle of zeolite applied zone, second sensor located just conjunction between zeolite applied and non- applied zones and the others located on the centerline that parallel to long edge, 1.5 m far from each other. While planning the experiment, reduction on ammonia level was predicted by means of zeolite application. Results obtained showed that the zeolite has a potential to be used in poultry house to prevent rise of ammonia concentration. However, due to the rapid diffusion capabilities of ammonia gas, the differences between measurement sites determined rather low. Therefore, measurement should repeat in tight-separated measurement sites.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Dana BARBA, Gabriela-Lucica MARGARIT

This paper explores breed characteristics of the Romanian Spotted Cattle, as far as the parameters of milk production and economic ones from Pantelimon, Mogosoaia and Afumati farms. For the purpose of determining total duration of lactation, milk production on total and normal lactation, the proportion of protein on total and normal lactation, the proportion of fat on total and normal lactation have been calculated using the statistics indicators: average, the variation, standard deviation, standard error of the average and the coefficient of variability. The researches carried out showed that the highest total duration of lactation has been obtained by Romanian Spotted Cattle on the Afumati farm (334.68 ± 1.82 days) with approximately 2.5% higher than lowest total duration of lactation (326.46 ± 1.87 days) at the Mogosoaia farm. The best average production of milk has been obtained at the Pantelimon farm 8092.63 ± 35.53 kg, top with 6,45% than that of Afumati farm and 17.85% than milk production obtained in Mogosoaia farm. Regard to the results obtained on average quantity of milk on normal lactation, showed that again the Pantelimon farm have been reach out the best results. Regarding at the percentage of fat, it showed that the best results have been obtained in the Mogosoaia farm 3.9 ± 0.004% followed by Pantelimon farm 3.75 ± 0.003 % and Afumati farm with 3.7 ± 0.004 %. About the developments in the milk quantity, of the percentage of protein and a percentage and quantity of fat in relation to lactation, it is found that biological material from the farms named above has a good precocity in the direction of milk production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Mădălin GAVRILĂ, Gheorghe Emil MĂRGINEAN, Alexandra KELEMEN

Through this research we intend to analyze the Holstein herds in farms of various sizes from Teleorman County to highlight the productive performance of the breed and to emphasize the similarities, respective the differences that were found in the studied farms and furthermore, another goal of the study was to show that the breed is very valuable.The Holstein cows studied for this paper are from various origins (Germain, France, Netherlands). The material studied is represented by the dairy cows that were send to slaughterhouse from 5 farms, representing 1200 heads.The lifetime of the animal is defined by two aspects, namely, the biological longevity and the productive longevity.We can observed, from the data processed and interpreted by us, that the greatest biological longevity was registered in farm 1 (6.27 years), where the productive longevity was 3 years old.The highest frequency of reproductive disturbances was registered in the farm No.4 (58.33%) and farm No. 3 (55%).The data held by us from the 5 farms that were analyzed shows higher rates of reproductive disorders comparative to that established by Curelariu of 43.66% et al (1980) and Vidu of 28,52%(2002).The herds analyzed are characterized by a mean of 5.71 years for the biological longevity with a variability between 5.10 years and 7.24 years, which is consistent with the literature.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Ion BUZU

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the particularities of Moldovan Karakul lambs hide features and identify factors influencing its quality. The research was conducted on Karakul sheeps in sovhoz "Kotovschi" from Căinari district and Experimental Station of the National Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, from Anenii Noi district, Republic of Moldova. The lambs hide thickness was determined according to the purpose of research, through the palpation and measurement methods using cutimeter (foldimeter) on the lambs evaluation, made on the next day after being born, and measuring under the microscope using eyepiece micrometer on histological samples of hide, taken for evaluation purpose. The density and hide reserves were determined by the palpation method at the evaluation. The research results have shown that the qualities of Karakul lambs hide is related to a number of factors both internal and external. The Moldovan Karakul lambs have thicker hide compared with Asian Karakul lambs, average hide thickness measured with cutimeter on the evaluation constituting 2.0 to 2.6 mm. Features of lamb hide qualities are correlative link between them and a string of other characters, such as curls size, curls type, lamb constitution, class of evaluation, age of ewes-mothers at birth, etc. Hide thickness of Moldovan Karakul lambs is in a positive phenotypic correlation with the size of their curls and ewes- mothers at birth, and in negative correlation with hide density, reserve hide, fertility, type of curls and general class of its own. The hide of Moldovan Karakul lambs after evaluation is suitable dense (83.8% of individuals) and very dense (12.8% of individuals), being in positive phenotypic correlation with the type of curls and in negative correlation with hide thickness and lamb constitution. Karakul lamb's hide reserve after evaluation is, in the majority, free (from 46.1 to 72.0% of individuals) and folds (at 12.9 - 26.9% of lambs), being in positive phenotypic correlation with the type of curls, hide density and class of its own, and in negative correlation with the thickness of the hide and its own constitution.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Ioan CUSTURA, Minodora TUDORACHE, Ilie VAN, Maria Antoaneta POPA

Poultry meat earned a very important position on worldwide animal food market due to both its nutritive value low costs compared with other animal protein sources. Poultry meat quality is a particularly complex feature and it is increasingly tackled by taking into consideration consumers’ safety which is being now a disqualifying concurrence element on this market. Considering this situation this study was performed with the aim of finding total chicken meat protein content. Two chicken hybrids (ROSS 308 and COBB 500) were used during the experiment and influence of hybrid and production season on total chicken meat protein content was observed. During firs year of experiment total protein content of ROSS 308 hybrids had values between 262.5669 g (season 1) and 265.4952 g (season 2) with difference non-significant statistically. COBB hybrids had a total chicken meat protein content between 312.4330 g and 316.6311 g (NS). Differences between average values of the two tested hybrids were highly significant statistically both in first and second season (respectively t=12.2578*** and t=12.3030***). During the second year of the experiment carcass protein content values were between 263.1595 g and 257.9397 g in ROSS 308 hybrid and between 317.4594 g and 320.6270 g in COB 500 hybrid (NS). Differences between the two hybrids for the analyzed parameter were highly significant statistically which allows us to affirm the superiority of COBB 500 hybrid.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LVIII
Written by Monica MARIN, Carmen NICOLAE, D. DRĂGOTOIU, Laura URDEŞ, I. RĂDUCUȚĂ, Georgeta DINIȚĂ

The carp is the main aquaculture species which is omnivorous, eating both vegetable and animal food. The aim was to analyze the research undertaken blood parameters at two varieties of carp fry culture, those common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. typica) and mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis), which were grown with both natural food (zooplankton and phytoplankton) and with mixed food (natural and supplementary - cereal mixed with soybean meal). The weight of juveniles ranged between 25-45 g, and the blood parameters were determined during two periods, respectively in August and October. The values of blood parameters showed a physiological response similar to both varieties of carp, for similar living conditions. The number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin and the value of hematocrit were higher in summer than autumn, due to metabolic processes more pronounced in summer, when juvenile fish gets feed more intense. Moreover, the blood parameters were influenced by the variation of environmental factors, respectively the water temperature, its decrease causing the lowering of the analyzed blood parameters.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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