ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Ivelina ZAPRYANOVA

The aim of the study was to analyse the seasonal dynamics of some traits of semen production of Danish and English Landrace boars. The concentration of spermatozoa was the highest in spring (412.72±7.72x106/ml) and the lowest in summer (376.28±7.94x106/ml). The volume of the semen (274.38±8.76 ml), the total concentration of sperms, (101.07±2.58х109) and the number of insemination doses (16.89 ± 0.43) were the lowest in summer and the highest in winter (319.9±8.21 ml, 119.4±2.42х109 and 19.94±0.43, resp.). The boars’ race and the season of obtaining the ejaculates have a significant influence on the analysed semen traits. The Danish Landrace race surpass the English Landrace boars by all studied characteristics of semen production. The priority of the Danish Landrace in semen volume is between 3% and 19%, and in sperm concentration is between 1% and 14%. About the total concentration of sperms and the number of insemination doses, English Landrace boars give up with 29% during the different seasons.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Adina Lia LONGODOR, Codruţa MARIŞ, Vioara MIREŞAN, Zamfir MARCHIŞ, Luisa ANDRONIE, Igori BALTĂ, Luiza BĂLAN, Aurelia COROIAN

The hematological and biochemical profile is important to study because it provides important information on animal health. Changing the parameters beyond the normal limits negatively affects the production and quality of milk. Hematological and biochemical parameters were influenced by season, age, sex, lactation, animal nutrition and maintenance system. The total protein was in average 55.44 ± 5.14g/l in the summer season, and 76.92 ± 2.82 g/l in the winter season. Creatinine registered an average values of 99.55 ± 3.57 μmol/L in summer, while in winter was 112.00 ± 6.59 μmol/L. Cholesterol is an important parameter for the body, and his changes give us important information about the major disturbances that occur in the body. This parameter was significantly influenced by the season and it was 1.82 ± 0.14 mmol/L for summer and 1.95 ± 0.06 mmol/L in winter. The LYM in the summer season had an average value of 49.96 ± 2.72%, while in the winter season was 59.92 ± 2.19%. The values of hematological and biochemical parameters obtained in our study fall within the characteristic limits of donkeys.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Gabriel Iuliu MALOȘ, Gabriela MALOȘ

The legitimacy of a state is the capacity to provide food security, that is to have sufficient availability of agricultural products and foods to cover the food needs for all inhabitants within its borders. Food security aims to ensure that everyone has access to as healthy a food as possible and ensures and respects the right of every person to a healthy and nutritionally balanced diet. Vulnerabilities in agriculture and the food industry can also be highlighted by identifying hazards, threats and risks, with African Swine Fever (ASF) in our case. ASF is a viral disease of domestic and wild pigs, with a rapid evolution and mortality of up to 100% for sick pigs. The occurrence and evolution of ASF (14779 outbreaks in the two years studied: 2018 and 2019) led at national level to the risk of the safety of pig meat being affected by the high number of animals that died, were euthanised or were slaughtered (approx. 2 million head), with a decrease of 31,6% in pig numbers in 2019 compared to 2017, it also helped to destabilize the pig meat market in quantitative terms, with the production of live-weight pigs falling by 210.777 tons (31,7%) in 2019 compared to 2017.To these losses are added significant costs for implementing control and quarantine measures, compensation (payment to breeders), etc.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Ion BUZU

The purpose of this research was to elucidate the particularities of the correlative links of the length of the pilous fibers of the Moldavian Karakul lambs with their other morpho-productive characters. The length of the pilous fiber at Karakul lambs was defined as the absolute distance between the surface of the skin and the peak of the stretched fiber. This length was determined by the practical method during the evaluation under farm conditions, according to the Instructions of Karakul Sheep Evaluation. The method provides the determining the relative length of the fibers (the average length of a fiber tuft, mainly consist of thick and less of intermediate fibers) to the live lamb. The method of measurement consists in applying perpendicularily to the skin a millimeter ruler, with the sharp end in the seam of the curls, and with the tweezers the fiber tuft is stretched on the ruler graduation, fixing the indices at the peak of the fibers with the precision of 1mm. The scientific researches have demonstrated that the length of the pilous fibers in lambs of Moldavian Karakul is an important morpho-productive character, which has a significant impact on furskins quality. The optimal length of pilous fibers at lambs of superior elite class is within 7-12 mm. At lambs with valuable curling types (jacket, coastal, flat), the length of the fibers is shorter (9,80-11,53 mm), which is beneficial to the quality of the furskin. The costal and flat type of furskins have the shortest fibers (9.80-10.52 mm) compared to the jacket and kaukasian type (11.53-14.46 mm). Positive correlations between fiber length and mass and body length have been identified, and negative correlations with their length and modeling, which disadvantage the process of selecting of corpulent lambs - in the first case, and favor the process of selecting lambs with a valuable curling - in the second case. These correlations have been taken into account in the lambs selection. In the heterogeneous pairing of black and grayish parents, fellow descendants are obtained the grayish descendants with the shorter by 11.7% (P <0.1) of black fiber were obtained, thus with the more valuable furskin qualities, compared to the homogeneous pairing of both grayish partners. Pairing of sheep, with the jacket curling type, with rams, with coastal curling type, contributes to shortening of the length of the fibers at the descendents by 10.4% (P <0.1), thus improving the qualities of the furskin, compared to the mating of parents with jacket curling.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Nela DRAGOMIR, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Andreea STAN, Violeta Alexandra ION, Liliana BĂDULESCU

The purpose of the study is to harness ingredients obtained from organic farming, in order to develop a new type of biscuits. Based on the original recipe, these were obtained from seeds and hemp flour and enriched with lyophilized organic apple (pieces and powder) and lyophilized organic basil powder. The organic powders were realized in the framework of the SusOrgPlus project at the Research Centre for Studies of Food Quality and Agricultural Products, and biscuits were obtained in the Bakery Pilot Station, both of University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest. The consumer acceptance testing was performed on 33 consumers and consists of the evaluation of general appearance, colour, taste, aroma, and consistency (Hedonic 5-point scale). The obtained results showed that the new biscuits enriched with lyophilized apple and basil powders were easily accepted by the consumers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Jola Josephien Mariane Roosje LONDOK, John Ernst Gustaaf ROMPIS

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate effect of level lauric acid (LA) combined with feed fiber (FF) in ration on serum lipid profile of broiler. A total of 360 unsex 1-d old broiler chicks were obtain from broiler breeding company. They were kept in brooding cage with temperature 23-33oC on a light/dark cycle until 7-d. After 7-d adjustment period, all bird randomly assigned to 12 treatments combination. Each group having three replicate cages with 30 birds was fed diet according experimental design. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement. The first factor was level of LA consisted of 3 levels i.e. 1.30%; 1.95%; and 2.60%, while the second was level of FF i.e. 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8% in the diet. Each treatment was given diet from 21 to 35 day of age during the experimental period. Effect of treatment on serum lipid consists of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDLcholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol was determined at the end of experiment (35-d of age). The conclusion of this study indicated that the used of 1.95% LA and 8% FF level on the diet would have an optimize serum lipid profile of broiler.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Petru Alexandru VLAICU, Tatiana Dumitra PANAITE, Gabriela Maria CORNESCU

We investigated the effectiveness of diets enriched with natural sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants on shelf life, internal and external quality parameters of eggs in different storage time and temperature. The diets given were as follow: basal diet (C), a diet containing mixture of rapeseed and grapeseed meal (T1) and a diet containing mixture of flaxseed and sea buckthorn meal (T2). A total of 108 eggs were selected (36 eggs/ group) and were separated into 6 batches with 6 eggs in each. The experimental design was consisted of 3 storage periods (0, 14 and 28 days) and 2 storage temperatures (5°C, 21°C). Each egg was weighed and broken, and the physiochemical properties of eggs such as albumen, yolk and eggshell weight, eggshell thickness and breaking strength and the most important freshness parameters Haugh Unit (HU), albumen and yolk pH were determined using an Egg Analyzer TM, manufactured by Orka Technology Ltd. The egg, albumen, shell weight and HU significantly decreased with increasing storage time and temperature, especially for eggs stored at 21°C for 28 days from C group. The albumen and yolk pH significantly (P<0.05) increased with increasing storage time and temperature in all samples, but those from group C were significantly (P<0.05) higher compared with eggs from T1 and T2 groups. The interaction effects between the storage time and temperature were significant for all determined parameters, which can conclude that storage time and temperature are the major factors affecting egg quality, but temperature is a more sensitive determinant of egg quality deterioration compared with the storage period. Eggs from groups fed diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants significantly (P<0.05) delayed egg deterioration in both storage temperatures.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Krasimira AVRAMOVA, Panomir TZENOV, Dimitar GREKOV

The purpose of the research is to investigate new methods of silkworms rearing for a longer period during the year. To accomplish our main goal, we used artificial diet for silkworms rearing during the summer. The tasks of our research were to apply an artificial diet from the first to the third instars, and in the fourth and instars we used mulberry leaves. There is a trend showing that the hatchability in September is higher than in July and August. The average values of the pupation rate and larval period duration also remained relatively high in September. Considering the fresh cocoon yield by one box of eggs, we found that the lowest values are in August and the highest - in September again. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the rearing of the silkworms using artificial diet in the young instars is most appropriate in September. It is economically viable, leads to greater employment and to increasing of the income of sericulture farmers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Andra SIPOS, Elena IRIMIA, Dinu GAVOJDIAN, Ioana NICOLAE, Alexandru SONEA

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects that sire-bulls have on health traits of un-weaned dairy calves. The study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Research and Development Institute for Bovine, where health data was collected for two consecutive years, between November 2017 and October 2019, following a number of 119 purebred Romanian Black and White calves, managed under identical conditions. Calves were separated into 7 sire-groups, each one of the bulls having at least 10 descendants born and weaned, the maximum descendants from a sire were 35 calves. The incidence of colibacillosis was influenced by the sire of the calves as following: three calves groups did not developed this disease, one group showed a low susceptibility, one group presented an intermediary genetic predisposition, while two groups showed a significant susceptibility (p≤0.10). Health traits such as rickets, respiratory disease and haemorrhagic enteritis incidences in some sire-descendants groups showed low or lack of susceptibility. Current preliminary results suggest that paternal genetic effects could influence the health of un-weaned dairy calves.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Lyudmila NIKOLOVA, Stanimir BONEV

A comparative analysis of indicators related to the meat production of a male Sterlet at the age of six and sevensummers raised on an industrial cage farm located in Southeastern Bulgaria was performed in the study. The slaughteryield and meat quantities, as well as indices relating to the exterior and interior of the fish, were calculated. Older fishhave been found to be significantly heavier than younger ones, but age does not significantly affect the weight ofindividual body parts and exterior dimensions. It is a reliable source of variation only on the relative proportion offillets without the abdomen in the cleaned carcass. The difference in favor of younger fish was 8.2% (p≤0.05). Fish ofdifferent ages do not differ significantly in the indexes related to exterior, interior and fatness. A significant differencein favor of younger fish (p≤0.05) was found only on the spleen-somatic index.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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