ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Mostafa IBRAHIM, Mohamed KHALEL, Mohamed YACOUT, Safaa ATIA, Dorina MOCUTA, Amr SHWERB, Ayman HASSAN

Fifteen lactating Zaraibi does were assigned to study the effect of EM ability to prevent the probably toxicology effect of the residues of pesticides remained in tomato haulms (TH). Animals were fed ad libitum fresh TH (T1), TH silage (T2) and TH silage treated with EM (T3) and concentrate feed mixture (CFM). Treatment with EM (T3) was resulted in less concentrations of pesticides residues compared to T1 and T2. Higher milk yield, milk composition and 4% FCM were followed EM treatment; T1 had less milk fat content than T2 and T3. All pesticides concentrations residues in milk were higher in T1, but it had less degree in T2 and not detected for T3 Treatment TH with EM (T3) had higher concentrations of TVFA's, acetate, gas production, total count of cellulosic bacteria and less protozoa. T1 had higher concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, creatinine, AST, ALT and less glucose, albumin and globulin than those for T2 and T3. So, biological (EM) treatment could be advisable to overcome the harmful effect of feeding TH exposure to pesticides.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Nicolae ROŞCA, Gheorghe BORONCIUC, Ion BALAN, Vladimir BUZAN, Ion MEREUŢA, Iulia CAZACOV, Melania BUCARCIUC, Alexandru DUBALARI, Irina BLÎNDU, Nicolai FIODOROV

In our previous studies, it was shown that the sperm of farm animals differs in both species and individual composition, so the purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in this paper was to identify the resistance of gametes of various animal species to the action of cryopreservation factors. The content of proteins and lipids, cholesterol and phospholipids was determined by biochemical methods, and their quantitative ratio was also calculated. It was found that the resistance of diluted sperm to freezing-thawing is directly proportional to the protein-lipid ratio, while the relationship between cholesterol-phospholipid ratio and cryostability of the sperm is inversely proportional. The results of the conducted studies convincingly show that phospholipids undergo the greatest changes and that the molar ratio of cholesterol phospholipids in gametes changes towards one, especially after thawing of sperm.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Delly Bertha Johana RUMONDOR, Rita TINANGON, Jantje PAATH, Endang PUJIHASTUTI, Tiltje RANSALELEH

This study examines the potential of Angkak as a binding compound, color improvement in the process of making sausage chicken layered rejects as a curing material. Testing protein profiles related to dissolved protein, texture, water binding capacity to form a compact and soft texture. The design was carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) 4 x 4, as a treatment using the Angkak level, ie without Angkak (0%), Angkak 0.5%, Angkak 1% and Angkak 1.5% with replications 4 times followed by a test BNJ. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (Analysis of Variance) which included chemical, color, total protein, and protein profile determination using the SDSPAGE method (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrilmide Gel Electrophoresis). The results of profil proteins with SDSPAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrilmide gel electrophoresis), where R0 is a sausage without the addition of Angkak, R1: sausages that use 0.5% Angkak concentration, R2: sausages that use a concentration of Angkak 1.0% and R3: sausage who use the Angkak concentration of 1.5%. The conclusion of the study was that the addition of Angkak gave a chemical change and protein profile in the sausages of rejected laying hens and the range of molecular weights found in R0, R1, R2 and R3 were the same, namely 12.44 - 47.89 kDa.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Kiki HAETAMI, Yuniar MULYANI, Yeni MULYANI, Abun ABUN, Junianto JUNIANTO

Proteolytic bacteria are bacteria that can hydrolyze proteins into smaller peptides or amino acid units. The existence of extracellular protease-producing bacteria is very important for life because it provides the need for nitrogenous compounds and can be used as a probiotic agent. This study was conducted to determine the proteolytic activity of Bacillus sp. Isolates. From the results of the collection and isolation of indigenous bacteria, the gut of carp. The method used is purposive sampling method, the data is analyzed quantitatively descriptive. The material used is the bacterium Bacillus sp. selected from the digestive tract of omnivore fish. Proteolytic test using clear zone method in skim milk agar (SMA) culture was measured at 12th, 24th, and 48th hours. The results showed that nine isolates of Bacillus sp. selected has proteolytic activity. The diameter of the clear zone (14.33-18.33.mm) Bacillus isolates from the 12th hour showed qualitatively the high proteolytic ability of the protease enzyme produced or also the high number of enzymes produced and released out. The optimum pattern of production time is in line with the general bacterial growth curve pattern. The results showed that at the 48th hour, bacterial isolates CP013984_s Bacillus sp. produce the highest protease activity, which is equal to 46.84 mm. The use of bacillus isolates in making probiotics can increase protein content and reduce crude fiber substrate, with a crude protein composition of 31.23%, extract ether 4.38% and crude fiber 8.64%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Flory REVNIC, Cristian Romeo REVNIC, Silviu VOINEA

Our study done on experimental hypertensive old rats model using reach cholesterol diet associated or not with rejuvenating drugs (Aslavital/procaine was designed to investigate biophysical parameters such as the proton transverse relaxing times of intracellular free and bound water in liver tissue and of membrane permeability to water by 1H NMR method..Biological material: 32 male white Wistar rats aged 24 months old were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each. Group A (control) group (B) received only reach cholesterol diet for 6 weeks without associated eutrophic substances. Group (C) which received high cholesterol diet associated with Aslavital treatment for 6 weeks 4mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal injections(ip). Group (D) has received associated treatment with Procain 4mg/kg body weight in order to test the antiatherosclerotic properties of this rejuvenation drug. In liver tissue, bound water , characerised by structural parameter T21 presents a slight decrease în treated groups, comparatively with Control group, while free water characterised by structural parameter T22, decreases following cholesterol administration and increases under Aslavital and Procaine treatment, in the case of Procaine this effect is more powerfull above the control values. In the case of intraerythrocyte water there are very subtile changes , but which remind of those which take place in the liver. As a mirrror reflexion of the behaviour previosly described , the proton trannsverse relaxing time of plasma water increases slightly in cholesterol treated rats and decreases under the actions of administrated drugs ,with a more pronounced effect under Procaine treatment. Conclusion: Liver hypertophy is associated with a decrease in proton transverse relaxing times as well as in the proportion of free water(m2%), associated with the decrease in proton transverse relaxing times as a consequence of the increase in protein content of liver tissue.The global decrease of proton transverse relaxation time (T2) in liver is mainly due to changes in the free and bound water ratio and of a decrease in proton transverse relaxing times of free water(T22) and bound water(T21). The effects of Procaine are much more increased. In general, Aslavital is behaving like a buffered Procaine with a more adequate action. There were cases in which both drugs had the same effects:for example a decrease in proton transverse relaxing time T22, characteristic of bound water structural parameter, or did not manifest any influence upon proton transverse relaxation time T21 charateristic for free water structural parameter from liver.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Roxana Nicoleta RAȚU, Marius Giorgi USTUROI, Alexandru USTUROI, Răzvan Mihai RADU-RUSU, Mihaela IVANCIA

This paper presents the data of a cross-sectional study on the commercial quality of fresh cow's milk marketed in Iasi. The biological material came from three bovine farms, distributed in the chilled state through milk dispensers. From each source, two litres of milk, in sterile containers, were purchased for five consecutive days, from which the laboratory samples were homogenized and maintained until the analysis, as indicated by the manufacturers. Ten samples were dosed from each farm and subjected to physiochemical analysis by means of isometric, gravimetric, titrimetric, potentiometric and ultrasonometric methods. Regarding the freshness indicator, acidity, the highest value was obtained for the milk of the F3 group where the average was 18.1 ± 0.21°T, while for the milk of the group F1 and F2 the mean values were 16.28 ± 0.20°T and 17.24 ± 0.31°T respectively. Regarding the chemical composition, determinations were made for the determination of SUNG, GB, PB and lactose. In terms of fat content, the mean values were 4.05 ± 0.01% for F1, 3.27 ± 0.01% for F2 and 4.03 ± 0.01% for milk from F3. The milk was not suspected of being falsified because no added water was detected in the analyzed samples and the density was within the normality range of at least 1.029 g/cm3. The results of the researches carried out indicated that the marketed milk is in compliance with the quality standard in force, even if there were significant differences between the qualitative parameters analyzed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Thomas VEZETEU, Adriana AURORI, Daniel DEZMIREAN, Adriana CRISTE

The European honey bee, Apis mellifera, as most insects of the world, is currently facing major difficulties and, particularly for honey bees, this results in significant colony losses. One of the most stressful factors for A. mellifera is the ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor. V. destructor invasions are largely treatable and preventable, however they bring forth great challenges to A. mellifera populations and breeders, making apiculture increasingly time and resource consuming. The global research in apiculture pathology is mostly focused on varroa. This review will be focusing on the recent literature in varroa treatment, prevention and parasite-host interaction.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Abdullah ÖZBİLGİN

Turkey is one of the leading countries of Europe in terms of animal existence. Today, yield per animal is important, not the number of animals. Reproduction is one of the indispensable items of dairy businesses. Most dairy cows do not achieve their reproductive performance goals, and economic losses occur at significant rates. The purpose of breeding cattle health is to ensure that cows become pregnant again until the best time after freezing and thus keep the time between the two raisins within economic limits. Reproductive performance is closely related to the baby's prenatal and postnatal health. Being pregnant again after birth is the most important factor for profitability. Immunosuppression is suppressed in long time, undernourished or stressed animals and the incidence of mastitis and metritis in animals is increasing. Economic losses due to this case take place. Considering the economic dimensions of these losses in our country, studies on 155 enterprises were made in Burdur, Kırklareli and Konya provinces. Within these studies, disease related loss was 1.258 turkish liras for clinical metritis, 697 turkish liras for retention.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Svetoslav KARAMFILOV, Vasil NIKOLOV

The aim of the present study is to ascertain the reproductive capacity of the cows of the Montbeliard cattle breed during the adaptation period in the initial stage of the breed introduction in Bulgaria. The study involves 1,222 cows, which is relatively new in Bulgaria, reared in 16 farms. In our country rearing conditions, the Montbeliards reach average first calving age of 31.6 ± 0.19 months. It is observed that the cows born in Bulgaria have calved earlier when compared to those born in France- respectively 30.9 ± 0.32 and 32.7 ± 0.38. The farm, father, year and month of birth have a significant effect on the age of first calving. The average duration of the calving interval of the animals examined is 453±20 days. We have ascertained that of all factors considered, the farm, year and month of calving have the biggest influence on the calving interval. The rank correlation of the farms in terms of duration of the calving interval and the first calving age is positive and high enough (+0.618).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Nikola METODIEV

The aim of the present study was to study the reproductive response at Ile de France ewes after 5 days progestagen treatment plus or without pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The experiment was carrired out with 26 multiparous ewes. Three experimental groups were formed depending on whether a PMSG was used or not, as well as the time of treatment with a synthetic analogue of PGF 2α (before or after the removal of sponges). Group 1 (PGF /Pg/PMSG) (n=8) - at the time of the placement of the sponges, the ewes were treated with a synthetic analogue of PGF 2α. At the time of the sponge removal, 300 UI PMSG was put i.m. Group 2 (PGF /Pg) (n=9) - at the time of the placement of the sponges, the ewes were treated with a synthetic analogue of PGF 2α. Group 3 – (Pg/ PGF) (n=9) - the ewes were treated with a synthetic analogue of PGF 2α at the time of the sponge removal. The protocol, that consisted PMSG, successfully synchronized estrus (100%) with high levels of fertility (87.5%) and fecundity (171.4%). Protocols, which were without PMSG, were not suitable for ES, because of unsatisfactory results, that were obtained.

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