ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Vladimir BUZAN, Ion BĂLAN, Gheorghe BORONCIUC, Nicolae ROŞCA, Iulia CAZACOV, Melania BUCARCIUC, Ion MEREUŢA, Alexandru DUBALARI, Irina BLÎNDU, Nicolai FIODOROV

Due to the fact that the bulk of the lipid bilayer of biological membranes is phospholipids, the purpose of the researches, the results of which are presented in this paper, was to study the phospholipid composition and its cryogenic changes during preservation of bulls, rams and boars sperm. Ram gametes are characterized by a high content of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The minor components of boar gametes are phosphatidylserine; ram - sphingomyelin and bull - phosphatidylserine and cardiolipin. By thin-layer chromatography it was found that phospholipids of gametes are represented by the following fractions: 1. Phosphatidylserine; 2. Phosphatidylcholine; 3. Sphingomyelin; 4. Phosphatidylethanolamine; 5. Cardiolipin. Of these, the largest amount is contained in the fractions of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, the content of the remaining fractions is slightly lower, namely phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin and cardiolipin. With the passage of the technological stages from dilution to thawing of biological material, the phospholipids content gradually decreases.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Carla-Cezarina PĂDUREȚU, Manuela Rossemary APETROAEI, Nicoleta BADEA, Laura BUCUR, Ileana RĂU, Verginica SCHRÖDER

Chitosan is a well known biopolymer with applications in various areas, and especially in pharmaceutical and medical fields. The main source of chitosan is represented by the marine waste. The present study was focused on chitosan extraction from shrimp waste using a classical chemical procedure. The obtained chitosan was characterized regarding its physical-chemical properties,and also the antioxidant activity and hemolytic activity were evaluated. In this study, the chitosan samples were dissolved in diluted solutions of acetic acid and lactic acid. The results showed that the best antioxidant activity was obtained for the chitosan dissolved in acetic acid. Also, the chitosan samples produced significant effects on the red blood cells activity. All these results suggest that new potential applications could be envisaged.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Aida ALBU, Simona-Maria CUCU-MAN, Ioan Mircea POP

The aim of this study was to investigate some physicochemical parameters of honey from Iasi County (North-Eastern Romania). Twenty-four samples of four floral honey types (rapeseed, acacia, linden, polyfloral) were collected in 2016 from beekeepers. All analyses were performed according to both Romanian and EU standards. The results for colour, refractive index, total soluble solids, moisture and density varied between 1.12-69.70 mm Pfund, 1.4886-1.4948, 80.84- 83.28 0Brix, 16.72-19.16% and 1.423-1.439 g cm-1, respectively. The pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity and ash ranged between 3.84-4.75, 17.6-48.6 meq kg-1, 166-794 μS cm-1 and 0.05-0.20%, respectively. The total phenolic content ranged from 16.10 mg GAE/100 g to 31.44 mg GAE/100 g while total flavonoid content ranged from 0.97 mg Q/100 g to 2.59 mg Q/100 g. For all honey samples the results revealed strong positive correlation between colour and total phenolic content with total flavonoid content, and between ash and electrical conductivity, respectively. The spectral structure (FT-IR) of studied honey samples showed the presence of various functional groups.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Jola Josephien Mariane Roosje LONDOK, Sumiati SUMIATI, John Ernst Gustaaf ROMPIS, Jet Saartje MANDEY

Abstract o protect themselves, plants accumulate the secondary metabolites as a source of antioxidant and antimicrobial. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the potency of Areca vestiaria Giseke as a candidate for broiler feed additives. The screening methods were performed using phytochemical screening, antibacterial assay against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, antioxidant assay, and proximate analysis. The result showed that plant material extracted with 50% ethanol in water, contain flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and quinone. This compound can play a role as an antioxidant agent. An antioxidant activity (% inhibition) of Areca vestiaria is 32.58 ppm. There is antimicrobial activity either by microdilution or diffusion method. Proximate analysis showed, Areca vestiaria contain 6.59% moisture, 3.71% ash, 5.33% crude protein, 4.7% extract ether, 1.1% crude fiber, 47.16% nitrogen free extract, and 4045 kcal kg-1 metabolizable energy. From this study can be concluded that based on content of nutrition, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity, Areca vestiaria Giseke can be used as feed additives in broiler ration.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Mien LAPIAN, Marie NAJOAN, Vonny RAWUNG

Research was conducted to evaluate the utilization of coconut meat waste and water by-product in the diets related with pigs performances. The treatments involving 30 growing pigs were arranged in a 3*2 factorial design based on completely randomized design. The treatments of factor A were including levels of coconut meat waste product equivalent to 0% (A0), 22.5% (A1) and 45% (A2) substituting the rice bran in ration meal. The treatments of factor B were applying levels of coconut water equivalent to 0% (using fresh water = B0) and 100% (using coconut water = B1) substituting the fresh drinking water of animals. Each experimental unit of factor A and factor B was repeated using 5 pigs of crossbred castrated males (Yorkshire*Landrace*Local), each maintained individually in a pen with initial weight of 59.4±1.33 kg. Ration and drinking water were daily given ad libitum to the animals. Animals were weighed on each period of 14 days for data collection of animal growth rate. The result showed that proportions of coconut meat waste product were less than planned for treatments of 22.5% and 45%, while total of 100 percents of coconut drinking water were less than planned for 100% of fresh drinking water. Results also showed that utilization of coconut meat waste product up to 50% substituting rice bran in ration with the level of 22.5% was able to yield the optimum growth rate.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Adina POPESCU, Daniela Cristina IBANESCU, Fanica BALANESCU

The pituitary gland is noted through distinct particularities to those of the other vertebrates. Within this class there are morphological variations in form, the size and lobulation of the pituitary gland. Thus, in some species, adenohypophysis is not anatomically divided but it is consisting of a single lobe. In many species of Teleostei adenohypophysis it consists of two lobes, one anterior or distally subdivided into two zones and the other intermediate. The present paper aims to highlight the structure of the pituitary gland and cell types present in cyprinids lobes. The studies were performed on microscopic preparations containing sagittal sections through carp pituitary. The sagittal histological sections made of 5μm reveal the presence of two distinct parts: neurohypophyses of nervous origin, and the adenohypophysis of epithelial origin. Considering the scientific importance and the practice of pituitary hormones in stimulating the maturation of gonads in fish also followed the changes of the pituitary structure, especially of the middle gonadotropic lobe. The histological study of the pituitary gland in the H. molitrix species at different times of the year has given us the possibility to track the seasonal variations of the basophil gonadotropic lobe structure. In the present study demonstrated that during the annual cycle, GTH cells go through different stages of activity that are not synchronous in all cells GTH. We were able to draw conclusions regarding the best period for harvesting pituitary glands used for pituitary injections under artificial reproduction conditions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Ivelina ZAPRYANOVA, Maya IGNATOVA

The purpose of the research was to establish the possibilities for using plant extracts as an alternative of the nutritional antibiotics for growing pigs. Under the conditions of the performed experiment we established that the average live weight at birth was 1,512.4±24.6 g. The average weight of the experiment pigs was 1,459.6±42.9 g at birth, which is almost 80 g less, compared to the control animals. At the end of the sucking period, a higher average live weight by 2.2% is registered for the experiment animals, despite the unreliable differences in the groups. Putting in the biologically active plant supplement increases the average daily gain of the pigs by 4.8% in comparison with the control animals, and the overall gain by 4.6%. The inclusion of the biologically active complex of dry extracts from the plants Cichoria intybus L, Cotinus coggygria L. and Tanacetum vulgare in the mixes of the growing pigs leads to significant decrease of the number of the unwanted microorganisms in the digestive system of the animals – aerobic mesophiles, coliforms, staphylococci and micrococci, and enterococci, etc.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Mihaela BEGEA, Iuliana Diana BĂRBULESCU, Mihaela Violeta GHICA, Zsuzsa JÓKAI, Simona-Ioana (MARINESCU) MĂRCULESCU, Márta ÜVEGES5, Alexandru Ionuţ CÎRÎC, Vasile BUNDUC, Hajnalka HINGYI, Sanziana Ioana PRUNDIANU, Radian Nicolae NEGRILĂ

The paper reveals the potential nutritive impact of the spent brewing yeast as component of feeding supplements for laying hens. The post-fermentation brewing yeast biomass was analyzed for total phenolic content, by applying extraction with methanol as solvent for samples of dried yeast biomass derived from an industrial brewing process. The obtained results suggest that drying process is reproducible and residual brewing yeast could be a source of polyphenols in order to be used for the development of bio-based nutritional feed solutions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Ylli BICOKU, Alisa SUBASHI

This is an exploratory survey, aiming at assessing farmers’ sources from which they receive information, and analyzing the extension methods that are most valuable to them. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to assess the farmers’ knowledge on agriculture practices, as well as their information knowledge competencies. A total of 40 farmers were interviewed, and the method of data analysis used is the descriptive statistics. The main source of information and advice for agro-input (seed, fertilizers and pesticides) are the agro-input dealers and village input shops. 75% of farmers get the market price information from each other. Most of the farmers (65%) think extension activities are not in line with their requirements. Out of 10 sources of information analyzed, the main source of information and knowledge for farmers are themselves. About the competence knowledge 2/3 of farmers think they have good or very good level of knowledge. 92.5% of the farmers are willing to participate in the trainings. The public advisory service should plan well other activities to provide more up-to-date technical information, as the knowledge of most farmers is now outdated.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Nicoleta Aurelia LEFTER, Mihaela HĂBEANU, Anca GHEORGHE, Lavinia IDRICEANU, Mirela CIREBEA

A 21 days trial was conducted to evaluate the performance and plasma biochemical markers on 40 pigs (8.14 ± 1.08 kg of average body weight and 30 ± 3 days of age) when 25% of triticale was replaced with millet in weaned diets. The group C (n = 20) received a conventional diet based on corn-triticale-soybean meal and in the M group (n = 20), 25% millet cv. ʻMariusʼ replaced triticale (2 replicates per group). At 7 days post-weaning, the performances and plasma profiles (lipid, protein, mineral, enzyme) were evaluated. The blood samples collected from the piglets jugular vein (n = 10) were determined by a chemistry analyser Spotchem EZ SP-4430, Arkray, Japan. The performances of piglets fed either M or C diet were comparable (P>0.05). No effect (P>0.05) of dietary treatment on plasma metabolites was observed. However, the inorganic phosphorus (IP) decreased (-15%; P0.04) in the M vs. C diet. The present study revealed that the replacement of 25% millet to the piglet’s diet, even in the most critical period of their lives, maintains the performances and blood plasma parameters within the normal reference ranges, beneficial to the health status.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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