ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Aurelia NICA, Mihai-Stefan PETREA, Alina MOGODAN, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Victor CRISTEA

The present research aims to investigate the effects of using carp pituitary extract on spawning performance parameters of koi carp. The experiment was performed during the breeding season (may, 2020). The stimulation of koi carp sexual maturation was performed by injecting the breeders with carp pituitary suspension, at a water temperature of 22oC. A single injection with carp hypophysis, 3 mg/kg body weight (BW) for female and 2 mg/kg BW for male, was used for spawning induction, thus, resulting a successful ovulation. The eggs treatment was performed by applying 5.8 ml malachite green/100 liters of water. The following developmental stages of koi carp were observed and characterized: embryonic, hatchling, larval, post larval, fry and fingerling. The recorded prolificacy was 7460 eggs/kg female BW, considering that the koi carp female was at the 3rd deposit during the year 2020. The hatching started 72 hours after fertilization. Results of the current study indicate the successful induction of koi carp spawning by using carp pituitary extract.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Daniel COCAN, Florentina POPESCU, Călin LAȚIU, Paul UIUIU, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Cristian MARTONOS, Aurelia COROIAN, Andrada IHUȚ, Camelia RĂDUCU, Mihai BENŢEA, Vioara MIREȘAN

Anesthetics are widely used in fish farming. Their purpose is to reduce the mobility and stress of fishes due to manipulation. In the present study we tested the efficiency of clove oil (Eugenia caryophyllata) in different doses [4.70 mL anesthetic/50 liter of water (0.094 mL/Lwater); 2.36 mL anesthetic/50 liter of water (0.0472 mL/Lwater); 1.82 mL anesthetic/50 liter of water (0.0364 mL/Lwater)] in carp (Cyprinus carpio) and in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) with different body mass. Anesthesia induction times were monitored. At each of these stages the respiratory rate was monitored by recording the opercular movements. The results show a direct correlation between the fish size and the induction times of anesthesia. Regardless of species, larger and heavier specimens require longer periods for anesthesia. Instead, recovery times in larger-body specimens were shorter. Different doses have influenced the duration of anesthesia induction and recovery times, the most effective dose being 4.70 mL/50 liter of water followed by 2.36 mL/50 liter of water. The dose of 1.82 mL/50 liter of water did not induce anesthesia.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Tsvetelina NIKOLOVA

The silky butterfly with its high sensitivity can successfully be used as a bioindicator to detect environmental pollution. A major source of heavy metal pollution is large industrial plants for ferrous and non-ferrous metals, as well as ore extraction and ore mining companies. In such an area, the mulberry garden is a source of food for the experimental groups. Bombyx mori L are fed with mulberry leaf with a high content of heavy metals reared in the most polluted area of the Non-ferrous metals Plovdiv. This study is part of many years of scientific research in the field. The high content of heavy metals inhibits the development of traceable biological features. Significant differences in results between control and trial groups were found.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Gergana YORDANOVA, Danail KANEV, Radka NEDEVA, Katya ENEVA

A scientific experiment with twenty fattening pigs from the Danube White breed was conducted in Agricultural Institute - Shumen. The animals were separated into two groups of ten, and were fed and reared in individual boxes. The experiment began with an average live weight of 55.300 kg for the control group and 55.800 kg for the trial group. Throughout the rearing period, the animals received compound feed containing 15.5 g Crude Protein (CP), 0.71 g Lysine, 0.67 g calcium and 0.60 g phosphorus. To the feed of the experimental group were added herbal supplements 20 g/per capita daily with the following composition: 50% rosehip flour, 30% nettle leaves, 10% weeds grass, 5% dandelion, 5% hawthorn. The aim of this experiment was to establish the influence of herbal supplements on the productivity, slaughter qualities, chemical composition and physical properties of m. Longissimus dorsi meat in fattening pigs. In conclusion, we established that the herbal supplement has influenced the fat thickness in the shoulder (30.00 mm and 19.40 mm, P=0.027) and back (17.40 mm and 32.00 mm, P=0.016).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Gergana YORDANOVA, Tanya NIKOLOVA, Katya ENEVA, Apostol APOSTOLOV, Radka NEDEVA

A scientific experiment was conducted in Agricultural Institute - Shumen with pigs, divided into three groups. Each group contained three litters, equalized by number of piglets. All animals were fed at will and received the Neopigg Rescuemilk and Neopigg Smooth supplements in I group, Neopigg Rescuemilk + Neopigg Smooth + growth accelerator “AXCLERA-P” (200 g per pig for the entire period up until weaning) - II group, Neopigg Smooth + AXCLERA-P (200 g per pig for the entire period up until weaning) - III group. Throughout the entire experiment, the consumption was reported daily, as well as health and percentage of dropout animals, live weight at birth, at weaning on the 28th day and in the end of the experiment at the 49th day. The addition of Neopigs Rescuemilk, Neopigs Smooth and Axclera-P day had a significant positive effect on average daily gain and weaning weight. When including dairy supplements during the suckling period (0-28th day), live weight at birth should also be taken into account, which is also a significant factor in the animals’ development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Marius Mihai CIOBANU, Mugurel MUNTEANU, Roxana LAZĂR, Paul Corneliu BOIŞTEANU

A short review of literature on sensorial analysis of avian products demonstrate a great diversity of sensorial procedures, such kind of different approaches impending realisation of comparisons between studies. To optimize technological parameters involved on slaughtering technological flow and to achieve the proposed aims, was elaborated an experimental protocol, designed for optimization of slaughtering technology into a processing unit from perspective of technical parameters applied at stages with impact on resulted carcasses, the effects being examined by sensorial qualitative parameters. For realization of study were formed three experimental batches, slaughtering technological line being the logistic base which allowed modification of technological parameters in stunning, bleeding, scalding and chilling stages. After thermal treatment, aroma intensity for muscular samples at chest level was described by mean values into interval 5.22±0.449 points (L3) and 7.77±0.375 points (L2), metallic aroma being the most pronounced one, given by means between 2.13±0.443 points (L1) and 3.37±0.593 points (L2), followed in a descendant way by the descriptive score for fried aroma. At the opposite pole, descriptive points for rancid aroma were sub-unitary, fact which shows the incipient stage of oxidation reactions for the adherent fat to analyzed muscular tissue.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Alexandru Marian FLOREA, Ionică NECHIFOR, Andre CRÎȘMARU, Constantin PASCAL

In order to objectively assess the influence of external factors, the observations were made both in normal breeding seasons and in the off-season, the aim being to obtain conclusive data necessary for a real understanding of specific aspects of reproductive physiology in adult rams. The biological material was represented by breeding rams belonging to the Karakul de Botoșani breed located at the Research and Development Unit for Breeding Sheep and Goats Popăuți - Botoșani. In order to evaluate the mode of influence and the differences due to the experimental factor, the applied protocol aimed to expose the rams to the same effect of photoperiodicity for two consecutive seasons placed in atypical periods. The volume of ejaculate was a basic objective in the applied research, the final results indicating that from rams exposed to a photoperiod placed in the off-season has a lower average value by only 5.04% compared to the volume harvested from rams active in normal season and with over 75% more than the level harvested from those at sexual rest. Differences were also reported in the case of the analysis performed for the determination of the quality indicators of the harvested semen, respectively acidity, density and mobility. The obtained results highlight the existence of multiple factors which, due to the intensity of their influence, can induce changes in the basic characteristics of the semen.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Lorena DEDIU, Angelica DOCAN

Aquaponics incorporate fish culture and hydroponically grown plants into one intensive production system. In this productive system, the microbial community develops everywhere being responsible of carrying out the nutrient between different compartments. Currently, the state of knowledge regarding the dynamics of microbial communities in recirculating aquaponic systems is stilllimited, due to poor understanding of interactions between bacterial population established on different substrates; therefore, in order to clear a number of uncertainties, especially at the level of heterotrophic communities, further studies are required. The present paper assessed the dynamics of heterotrophic microbial communities in recirculating aquaponicsystems. The studyis based on the assessment of activity and, especially, of the metabolic diversity of bacterial community attached to the root area of hydroponically cultivated species. Examination of the data gave the first indications to functional groups of organisms in the different compartments of an experimental aquaponic system.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Lucian SOLOMON, Paul Corneliu BOIȘTEANU, Marius Mihai CIOBANU, Roxana LAZĂR, Răzvan Mihail RADU-RUSU

The aim of the study was to assess whether different temperatures applied in certain points of the broilers slaughtering technological flow affects or not the chemical composition and the gross energy value of the meat. Three groups of carcasses were studied (LC, L1E and L2E), in relation with the slaughtering key points with altered temperature: scalding stage (LC = 51-53°C; L1E = 53-54°C; L2E = 55-56°C); chilling (LC = 1-4°C; L1E = 2-3°C; L2E = 1-2°C); sorting and packaging (LC < 12°C; L1E = 8-10°C; L2E = 6-8°C); final storage (LC = 0-2°C; L1E = 0-1°C; L2E = 0- 1°C). Fifty carcasses of ROSS-308 chicken broilers per group, kept throughout 1 day in chill store room prior to shipping, were investigated for the proximate composition (water, dry matter, minerals, total lipids and protein content, nitrogen free extract) and gross energy value, using samples of 50 g taken from breast (Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles). Standard A.O.A.C. methods were applied for the analytical chemistry protocols in 15 replications per parameter, while the gross energy content was computed using the nutrient caloric conversion factors proposed by F.A.O. Water content reached 73.23 g/100 g in LC, 73.02 g/100 g in LE1 and 72.90 g/100 g in LE2. Dry matter content varied accordingly (26.77 g/100 g in LC to 27.10 g/100 g in LE2). Total minerals were found within the 1.08-1.10 g/100 g range. Major differences were observed between the total lipids of the control group (2.14 g/100 g) and the experimental groups, i.e. 2.65 g/100 g in LE1 group (P<0.05) and 2.90 g/100 g in LE2 group (P<0.01). Although the total proteins content decreased (LC = 23.01 g/100 g; LE1 = 22.76 g/100 g; LE2 = 22.60 g/100 g) as the experimental factor was gradually altered, there were not significant differences found. Nitrogen free extract calculations resulted in close values between groups, while the energetic value was affected due to lipid content variations (P<0.05 for the LC vs. LE2 comparison, i.e. 119.77 vs. 124.71 kcal/100 g). Therefore, the increase of temperature during scalding and its decrease during sorting, packaging and storage induced exudation and significant variations of lipids and energetic content.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Rumyana IVANOVA, Smilyana TASHEVA

A one-year study of the Temperature-humidity index (THI) was conducted in three buildings used for breeding dairy cows (farms). They were kept free in separate boxes or as a group living on a permanent litter bedding. Blood samples from 6 animals from each farm were taken and the following biochemical indicators were tested - blood sugar, total protein, urea, cholesterol, creatinine, cortisol, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), calcium(Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and chlorine (Cl). It was found that the season has a significant effect on THI, blood sugar, total protein, urea, cholesterol, creatinine, cortisol, ASAT, ALAT, Na and K (P<0.001), and a significant effect on Ca and P (P<0.01). The change in the values of THI, cortisol (P<0.001), urea and cholesterol (P<0.01) are related to the breeding technology. The blood sugar, creatinine, P, Mg, Na, K and Cl values are not affected by the type of building and are within physiological norms. Variations of the studied parameters are related to season and breeding technology.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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