ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Paula POSAN, Eugenia SOVAREL, Nicoleta DEFTA, Lucica NISTOR

In the actual stage, on international level and in our country, is growing the importance of horses for equestrian sports. The researches were carried out on sports horses from Romanian Sport Horse and English Thoroughbred breeds. In this study, in order to evaluate aerobe energetic capacity of the horses, by determining the value of VLa4, there was used a standard effort test. There was completed an instrumental method to determine the lactic acid, based on enzymatic reactions and Screen Master Plus spectrophotometer was used for analyses. In can be observed that only for heating stage of training, the average value of lactic acid increases from first test to the third test. At all other effort stages the situation is opposed. Testing the differences significations for the first two testing periods, it was find that between all compared values the differences are very significant. For the third testing period, for all compared lactic acid values the differences are significant, excepting the differences testing between the lactic acid values at 400 m/minute stage and 450 m/minute stage, where the differences are very significant.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Cristina Gabriela RADU-RUSU, Ioan Mircea POP, Gabriela FRUNZĂ, Aida ALBU, Roxana ZAHARIA

Six products belonging in two food categories (carbonated soft drinks and fish products) have been investigated in laboratory via spectrophotocolorimetry to identify and quantify the usage of sodium benzoate as food additive with antiseptic-preservative purpose. The inclusion level of E-211 in the first group (carbonated soda) was 55-49% less than the maximum admitted inclusion level (AIL) (20 mg additive/100 g product, while the calculated daily intake through drinking a portion (500 ml) reached 32.7-34% out of the maximal admitted daily intake (MADI) for children and 11.25- 17% of the MADI for adults. The concentration detected in the marinated fish was 25.1-35.1% lower than the AIL for this food category (200 mg/100 g). Calculus of the daily intake for a serving portion of marinated fish (env. 75 g) reached 64.9-74.6% of the MADI for children and 24.34-37.30% for adult consumers. Although the inclusion rates were below the maximal admitted limits, if we cumulate the potential intake of the sodium benzoate from these two food sources with other food preferred by children (sweet treats), the daily intake dose for this additive present becomes alarming and could endanger the health of young age consumers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 2
Written by Cristina Gabriela RADU-RUSU, Ioan Mircea POP, Gabriela FRUNZA, Daniel SIMEANU

Potassium sorbate (E202) is one of the food additives approved by the European Union to be used as preserving agent with antibacterial and antifungal actions in certain food groups, such as the ones investigated in this study: jams, jellies, marmalades (apricot jam) and aromatized alcoholic beverage (ciders). Six commercial products (three from each group) were investigated through spectrophotocolorimetric methods to identify and quantify the usage of the potassium sorbate. The inclusion level of E-202 in the first food category (apricot jam) was 28.4-47.2% lower than the maximum allowed inclusion level (MAIL) in product (100 mg potassium sorbate/100 g jam). The estimated daily intake through a portion of jam (100 g) represented 6.7-7.4% of the maximal allowed daily intake (MADI) in children and 3.1- 4.0% in adults, respectively. The potassium sorbate concentration in Apple cider product was 51-52% below the MAIL (20 mg additive/100 ml), while the consumption of one portion of such beverage (660 ml, equivalent of two bottles) would lead to an intake of 3.93-4.84%, compared to MADI, in adults. Although the potassium sorbate has lower toxicity, compared to other commonly used antiseptic food additives (sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate), it still represents a risk factor in certain consumers known with immunity issues, because is a factor involved in the onset of certain allergic reactions localized in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts, as well as in certain contact dermatitis (cutaneous eruptions, itching etc.). Therefore, the cumulative consumption of the foods containing the E202-potassium sorbate should be avoided.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Cristinel Gigi ŞONEA, Andra Cristina ŞONEA, Florin Leontin CRISTE, Octavian POPESCU, Claudia Terezia SOCOL

One health concept aims to achieve and develop a competent bio-economic and eco-economic beekeeping management, based on scientific principles. It is an activity of national interest, useful for preserving a natural and healthy environment, ecological system and agriculture, in general, intended to ensure natural pollination of honey plants and bee species biological diversity, and in particular for the national genetic background in Romanian bee breed - Apis mellifera carpatica - as autochthonous bee population specific for the Romanian bio-apiculture areas. Concerning the importance of bees in human and humankind, Albert Einstein quoted “If the bee disappeared off the surface of the globe, then man would have only four years of life left”. The famous physician referred to bees role as crop pollinators and also in achieving significant agricultural yields, that would not be possible in absence of pollinators, and their lack would have devastating impact on food procurement. The present paper overview one health points for a sustainable management in apiculture. apiculture, bio-economic, eco-economic, management, one health

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Radoslava ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN

In 2019, studies on the parasites and parasite communities of Chondrostoma nasus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Danube River, Bulgaria (Koshava and Kudelin villages, Vidin region) were conducted. After ecoparasitological studies of a total of 155 specimens of C. nasus from the two biotopes, eight species of parasites were found: two species of the class Trematoda (Allocreadium isoporum (Looss, 1894), Sphaerostomum bramae (Müller, 1776)), one species of the class Cestoda (Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934, immature specimens)), one species from the class Acanthocephala (Pomphorhynchus laevis (Müller, 1776)) and four species from the class Nematoda (Raphidascaris acus (Bloch, 1779), larvae; Contracaecum sp., larvae; Hysterothylacium sp., larvae; Pseudocapillaria tomentosa (Dujardin, 1843)). The majority of parasite species (seven species) were detected during the spring from biotope Kudelin. The dominant parasite species in all three seasons was the nematode Contracaecum sp. C. nasus was reported as a new host for A. isoporum, S. bramae, B. acheilognathi, R. acus, Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., P. tomentosa from the Bulgarian section of the Danube River. New data on the structure of parasite communities of the river freshwater ecosystem were presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Radoslava ZAHARIEVA, Diana KIRIN

In 2020, 37 specimens of vimba bream (Vimba vimba Linnaeus, 1758) from the Danube River near the village of Kudelin were examined for parasites. Four parasite species were established: Nicolla skrjabini (Iwanitzky, 1928) and Posthodiplostomum cuticola (von Nordmann, 1832) (Trematoda); Pomphorhynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) and Philometra rischta Skrjabin, 1917 (Nematoda). The study aims to provide new data on parasites and parasite communities of Vimba vimba from the Danube River’s freshwater ecosystem near the village of Kudelin in northwestern Bulgaria. In the study, the prevalence (P%), mean intensity (MI), mean abundance (MA) and the Brillouin’s diversity index (HB) were presented and discussed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Alexandru Ioan GIURGIU, Adela Ramona MOISE, Claudia PASCA, Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN

Over the last few years, the honeybees faced a significant decline worldwide. Despite many biotic and abiotic stressors, one of the leading causes of honeybee colony loses is Varroa destructor, followed by Nosema spp.. Given the importance of honeybee in agriculture and a significantly increased resistance to treatments identified in Varroa destructor, a more sustainable method to counter this mite is needed. One of these sustainable methods is breeding for resistance to Varroa destructor. Due to the rising number of honeybee populations with potential resistance to Varroa destructor, a new promising breeding plan for natural selection was proposed. This breeding plan was adapted and implemented on a local population of honey bees in Transilvania, with the primary objective of obtaining resistant colonies to Varroa destructor. Development of these colonies was observed, and analysis of Varroa infestation level and Nosema spp. was performed to assess the health status of the population or the cause of mortality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Valentina CEBOTARI, Ion BUZU, Olga POSTOLACHI, Adrian SICEANU, Eliza CĂUIA

The aim of the researches was to reveal the particularities of natural varroa-resistance of honey bees of Carpathian race from the Moldavian Codri and their use in the selection and genetic amelioration of the local bee subpopulation. Scientific researches were a part of the SMARTBEE / FP7.Eu-KBBE.2013.1.3-02 Sustainable Management of Resilient Bee Populations project, in collaboration with the Institute for Beekeeping Research and Development in Bucharest, Romania. In order to achieve the purpose, at the experimental apiary of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova an experiment was carried out, on a batch of 25 bee families, choosed randomly, supplemented with young queens, obtained conducting from the same apiary. The experiment lasted three years (March 2015-March 2018), in which the queens were not replaced, and the bee families during the entire experimental period were not subjected to any anti-varroa or other disease treatment, nor additional feeding in spring or autumn with nutritional stimulators has not been applied. It was found that under natural conditions, without anti-varroa drug interventions and without the change of queens, from 25 colonies at the begining of experiment only 11 survived, which is 44%. In the bee families that survived in the third year of experiment, the index of natural Varroa mite fall during September- October was higher, compared to the first-year bee families by 42.7-43.0% (td=2.3-1.3; P<0.05 and P>0.1) and 2.7-3.0 times compared to the bee families of the second year (td=4.9-3.0; P<0.001 and P<0.01). Infestation degree of bees with Varroa mite increased, reaching peak values in the third experimental year, up to 4.81 ± 1.00 mites/10 grams of bees, which led to the inhibition of the main physiological functions of reproduction and developing of bee families. The infestation of capped brood cells with Varroa mite progressed in the third year of experiment, being significantly higher in September by 11.5% (td=2.9; P<0.01), compared with the same month of the previous year, which lead to a decrease in the quantity of capped brood, of the colonies strength and the weakening of the vital activity of the bee families as a whole. Queens prolificity declined significantly in October from 700 eggs/24 hours in the first year, to 234 eggs/24 hours in the third year, being less in the last year with 466 eggs/24 hours, or 66.6% (td=5.1; P<0.001). Out of the 11 bee families, which survived in natural conditions for three years, 5 more valuble families were selected in the breeding batch for reproduction. The bee families of the breed batch significantly exeeded the families from experimental batch after the queens prolificity – with 18.4% (P<0.05), the amount of capped brood – with 18.6% (P<0.05) and honey production – with 6.8% (P<0.01). At the same time, in the bee families of the breeding batch, the degree of infestation with mites was lower, the index of natural mites fall and the colonies strength – higher, as well as the boosted wintering resistance, ranging from 82.3-89.0%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Tania MIREA (NICOLĂESCU), Mona Elena POPA

At present at national, European and international level, there is a real tendency for personalized nutrition, known to be that a food can have a positive effect for one person and negative for another and has emerged as an alternative to solving various health problems. Personalized diet recommendations are based on data on food habits and risk behaviours, physical characteristics and genetic profiling. The genetic code is similar for all people, the small variations that differentiate us can determine the effect, different responses of nutrients and how each individual metabolize food, as they interact with the genes. In the pioneering phase, the challenge is to opt out of global protocols in different conditions and paradigm shift. The nutrition of the future will be based on the identification and analysis of the genetic profile, and according to the existing data base, will be developed personalized therapeutic nutritional and pharmacological plans corresponding to the identified genetic profile. The purpose of this article is to capture the current level of knowledge about genetic factors that will allow for customized diet and broadening of the horizon of gene nutrition.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Constantin GĂVAN

Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) is essential for human health and current intake level of this vitamin is too low. Bovine milk is an important dietary source of vitamin B-12 and natural enrichment of the milk vitamin B-12 content may help to increase the intake levels. The aim of this study was to quantify the genetic variation in levels of vitamin B-12 in the milk of dairy cows. In this study milk (n= 194) samples were collected from first lactation Holstein Friesian cows, and analyzed for vitamin B-12 content. Vitamin B-12 content varied from 1.08 to 9.66 mg/l with a mean of 3.93 ± 1.58 mg/l. The amount of genetic variation between cows in vitamin B-12 content in milk was reflected by an estimated heritability of 0.36. This heritability of 0.36, combined with a coefficient of variation of 40% for vitamin B-12 content in milk indicates that average milk vitamin B-12 content of the cow Holstein Friesian population can be increased by genetic selection.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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