ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Iuliana Ștefania BORDEI, Daniela IANIȚCHI, Monica Paula MARIN, Marius MAFTEI, Teodor GAVRIȘ, Marius GHEȚA, Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE

The pheasant is a widespread bird in most European countries, especially raised to be hunted. The pheasant can be raised in captivity and released before hunting. Nutritionists recommend an increased consumption of pheasant meat due to its nutritional qualities. This meat contains small amounts of fat; it is rich in vitamins, minerals, calcium and has a low percentage of cholesterol and carbohydrates. The pheasant meat also contains B vitamins, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, phosphorus. It is a good aliment for people who suffer from thyroid disease, due to the large amount of iodine. It is considered that the pheasant reaches culinary maturity at the age of 6 months, at this age reaching a weight of 1.5 kg. According to studies, the slaughter yield of pheasants is 60.9% to 67.7%. Regarding body sizes, in the case of wild pheasant, the size of chest was bigger compared with the thighs. In terms of meat quality, depending on rearing conditions, were reported slightly higher values for the amount of fat in meat in farmed pheasants compared to those in the wild. Compared to broilers, the amount of protein in the dry matter of meat extracted from the breast was much higher, as it follows: 5.16% in females and 9.95% in males.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Petru Alexandru VLAICU, Raluca Paula TURCU, Silvia MIRONEASA, Tatiana Dumitra PANAITE

Utilization of agricultural wastes and residues resulted from food industry in animal nutrition is a matter of great concern nowadays. Dried citrus peel (DCP) and flax meal (FM) are potential sources of some valuable bioactive nutrients for animals and poultry. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of FM used together with two different DCP: dried orange peel (DOP) and dried red grapefruit peel (DRGP) on few breast meat quality traits of broiler chickens. One hundred-twenty broiler chicks (1 day old) were randomly allocated to three groups for the starter phase (14 d) where they were fed with a standard diet. At day 14, they were individually weighed (average 440.77 g) and homogenous assigned to three dietary treatments comprised of: basal diet (C) with 4% FM, basal diet supplemented with 2% DOP and 4% FM (DOP) and basal diet supplemented with 2% DRGP and 4% FM (DRGP), for both grower and finisher phases. At the end of the experiment (d 42) 6 broilers chicks/group were slaughtered and samples of breast meat were collected, and assayed for chemical composition, texture profile analysis (TPA), color parameter and fatty acid composition. Results of the present study indicated that use of FM together with DOP and DRGP in broiler diets significantly (P < 0.05) improved the color and some texture parameters and didn't affected the chemical composition or fatty acids from raw chicken breast meat.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 2
Written by Alexandru SAVA, Paul UIUIU, Camelia RADUCU, Daniel COCAN, Radu CONSTANTINESCU, Călin LAȚIU, Aurelia COROIAN, Andrada IHUȚ, Vioara MIREȘAN

The consumption of fish meat in Romania is on an upward trend, due to the establishment of salmonid units on the territory of the country. The trout's commercialization is mainly in fresh or chilled form, but for the diversification of the products offered to the market, it is also sold in preserved form, either by salting or by smoking. The analyses performed on the chemical composition of trout meat were as follows: water content, dry matter, fat content, protein content, nonnitrogenous extractive substances and minerals The chemical analysis was made in all phases of the technological flow of conservation by smoking: fresh meat, salted meat, desalted meat and smoked meat throughout the technological flow for the Rainbow and Brook trout species, reared in the fish farm. Therefore, the chemical analyses of the meat pointed out that the highest percentage of water content is found in the Rainbow trout comparative to Brook trout in all stages of the technological flow. On the contrary, the dry matter content was higher in the Brook than in Rainbow trout. As for the fat content we noticed that the Brook trout registered higher values than the Rainbow trout. For the protein content, the obtained values were quite close to both species of salmonids. Both Rainbow trout and Brook trout traditionally smoked meat registered values that are within the limits cited in the scientific literature.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Vlăduț Dragoș BULMAGA, Ion RĂDUCUȚĂ, Costică CRISTIAN, Ion CĂLIN

The orientation of the breeding and exploitation of sheep for meat production worldwide, imposed a basic technological element, namely obtaining as many lambs as possible, which is the most important goal in increasing this production. The increase of the reproduction indices creates the premise of the profitability of the sheep regardless of the exploitation system practiced. The interest is channeled especially for the increase of fecundity, fertility, and especially prolificacy indices. The intensification of prolificacy is a major objective in the exploitation of all breeds of sheep because it leads to the numerical increase of livestock and meat production. Twin lambs have intense growth energy, which allows the weight of the simple ones to be equalized until the age of the first shearing, and the expenses occasioned by the maintenance of the second lamb are generally reduced. Most of the sheep breeds that are raised in our country are characterized by fairly low values of prolificacy (105-110%), the highest value being recorded in the Merinos de Palas breed. Prolificacy is dependent on genetic factors, especially on the breed. Reproductive characters are characterized, unfortunately, by a low value of the heritability coefficient (h2 = 0.05-0.25), which is determined mainly by non-additive genes, so the selection for this type of characters is very difficult and long-term, the fastest way to improve prolificacy in local sheep breeds is by crossing them with rams from prolific breeds. Internally, within the I.C.D.C.O.C - Palas Constanta, the Prolific Line - Palas was created, following the crossing of Merino de Palas sheep with rams from Romanov, Friesian, and Finnish Landrace breeds, which are characterized by an average prolificacy of 160-180%. Prolific breeds can be used in simple industrial crossings to increase meat production (females prolific breeds x males meat breeds), or to obtain F1 hybrid prolific females in the year I (local breed females x males prolific breeds), which in the second year are crossed with males from specialized meat breeds (double or triple industrial crossings).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Andra ŞULER, Paula POŞAN, Minodora TUDORACHE, Gratziela BAHACIU, Lucica NISTOR, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Marius MAFTEI

In order to prevent the appearance of consumer diseases, any food products need to respect bacteriological standards; to not contain pathogenic germs, and the saprophytes ones have to be under maximal norm limits. In this study there were harvested 30 samples of Telemea cheese, from two different production units, in two different counties. The samples were collected in two different seasons: summer and winter and were microbiological analysed, in order to determine the following parameters: coliform bacteria, E. coli, Coagulase-positive staphylococci, Salmonella, total number of yeasts and moulds. The result were statistical evaluated, establishing each microbiological index dynamic, depending on season.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Lilla BAGAMERI, Alexandru Ioan GIURGIU, Gabriela Maria BACI, Otilia BOBIŞ, Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN

The paper aimed to present the microscopic techniques used in botanical origin determination of honey samples, shortly melissopalynology. This technique is used for microscopic examination of pollen grains to determine the botanical origin of honey. It is known that a certain number of pollen grains must be recovered from sediment of honey solution, and the presence of small amounts of pollen may be related to falsification. Identification of pollen structure is generally made using light microscopy; phase contrast microscopy may be also used. Fluorescence microscopy is also a powerful method in palynology. Confocal laser scanning microscopy is effective in revealing the ultrastructure of pollen outer layer and shape of the pollen. The determination of the botanical origin of honey using palynology is based on the relative frequency of the pollen belonging to nectariferous plants. Honey is considered monofloral if the pollen from the sediment comes predominantly from a named botanical origin and overpasses 45% from the total count of pollen grains counted on the microscopic slide.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Cristian Romeo REVNIC, Flory REVNIC, Silviu VOINEA

The potential clinical relevance of ischemic preconditioning (IP) on ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major object of clinical research to find new methods of cardioprotection in humans.The aim of our study was to characterise the Langendorff model of rat heart investigating different durations of ischemia and reperfusion and (IP) protocol on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, to test the potential clinical relevance of (IP) phenomenon on infarct size, to assess genomic DNA integrity and histological and ultrastructural changes in heart muscle. Our results revealed that as ischemia and reperfusion time is extended,the level of infarction is also increased.We concluded that 20 minutes stabilisation and 45 minutes ischemia followed by 30 minutes reperfusion seems to povide a compliant platform to study ischemia reperfusion injury. Protection using (IP) was induced by 2 cycles 5' ischemia and 5' reperfusion prior lo lethal ischemia reperfusion protocols. The reduction in infarct size in IP hearts pointed out that inhibition of apoptosis is one of the mechanisms which participate in elicting the increased rezistance to ischemia.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIV, Issue 1
Written by Vera GRANACI, Valentin FOCSHA, Vasile CURULIUC, Valentina CIUBATCO

Breeding indices and their interrelations with milk productivity were studied with the Holstein cow populations, of different origins (Dutch, German and French). The value of the main reproduction indices in the investigated populations significantly exceeds the maximum allowable limits. The shortest SP is at Dutch Holstein cows, the German exceeds the first by 7.1 days, the Holstein-Prim, French cows - by 32.9 days those of Dutch and by 5.8 days the cows of German origin. The longest DL has Holstein-Prim, French cows, exceeding by 66.4 days the Dutch, by 35 days the German, which in their turn exceeds, Holstein, Dutch by 31.4 days. The CI exceeds the maximum allowable value (365 days) forming the following string: Dutch Holstein (+75.7 days) ˂ German Holstein (+99.9 days) ˂ French Holstein- Prim (+136.4 days) and the RCC of cows - Dutch Holstein (0.87) ˃ German Holstein (0.82) ˃ French Holstein-Prim (0.81). Between the RCC and the indices of milk productivity on total lactation were established strong and very strong negative correlations and mostly negative from medium to very weak with the same indices on normal lactation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXIII, Issue 1
Written by Ioana Mădălina GEORGESCU, Ovidiu Valentin ZVORIȘTEANU, Marian GHIȚĂ, Cătălin Nicolae NEGREANU, Diana Nicoleta RABA, Emilia CIOBOTARU-PÎRVU

The monitoring of lead contamination of food products of non-animal origin started in Romania in 2006, at the same time with entry into force of The European Commission Regulation (EC) no. 1881/2006 which regulates the maximum allowed values for this contaminant. In this study, samples that were collected and analyzed to determine lead contamination in 2019 have been analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The samples came from Bucharest and from 12 other counties of the country. The cereals, wine, fruit, vegetables and mushrooms samples present a weaker lead contamination, compared to the fruit juice samples. Considering the results, all of the analyzed samples framed within recommended values regarding the lead contamination, and the average values falls within those of the European Union.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LXII, Issue 1
Written by Atakan KOÇ,Veysel Ali ÜNAL

Behaviors of Holstein-Friesian (HF), Brown Swiss (BS) and Simmental (SIM) bulls were determined under the Mediterranean conditions for a period of six months. A total of35 bulls were fed in two groups (10 HF and 8 BS in group I and 10 SIM and 7 HF bulls in group II). At the time of high feed consumption, the tendency to drink water from all breeds was also high and HF bulls had higher drinking and elimination behavior rates than those of BS and SIM bulls especially in hot summer months. All breeds preferred to perform locomotor activities late in the evening during the hot summer months. The bulls decreased feeding, standing and locomotion activities during hot hours at a lower rate or postponed these behaviors to the cooler hours of the day, but they increased lying and rumination activities in those hours. While HF bulls were more affected by higher temperatures than SIM and BS bulls, taking precautions against high temperature on farms level would lead to increase the fattening performance and also the welfare of the bulls.

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© 2019 SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE. To be cited: SCIENTIFIC PAPERS. SERIES D. ANIMAL SCIENCE.

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