Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Dušica OSTOJIĆ ANDRIĆ, Slavča HRISTOV, Milan M. PETROVIĆ, Vlada PANTELIĆ, Dragan NIKŠIĆ, Aleksandar STANOJKOVIĆ, Violeta CARO PETROVIĆ

Diseases and mortality of dairy cows are significant problems from the aspect of welfare as well as the economy of production. Monitoring and analysis of health and welfare conditions on farms are important prerequisites for their improvement. This paper presents an analysis of health and welfare condition on dairy farms in Republic of Serbia. The study was conducted on 16 commercial farms with total number of 4833 milking cows of Simmental and Holstein Friesian rase. The evaluation of health and welfare indicators was done according to Welfare Quality® Assessment Protocol for Cattle. Results obtained in this study showed that largest share of farms was estimated as enhanced (56.25%) and acceptable (43.75%) in terms of overall health state. The incidences for majority of the diseases below the set alert thresholds indicated no severe risk for dairy cows' welfare on examined farms. The exceptions were determined incidences of laminitis (37.65%), dystocia (4.18%) and mortality rate (6.70%) which nevertheless corresponds to their growing trend in the dairy farming. Although health of skin was evaluated as acceptable almost every fifth cow had at least a portion of the skin without hair while the presence of skin lesions was much less common (6.49%). With high share of dehorned cows in herd (78.9%) another serious welfare risk is the common practice of dehorning without aesthetics and/or analgesics implementation. Analyzing indicators of health and welfare on Serbian dairy farms it could be assumed that the most important risks derived from poor housing conditions and management omissions.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Halit Deniz ŞİRELİ, Muhittin TUTKUN, Ali Murat TATAR, Selçuk Seçkin TUNCER

Heat stress is one of the most important environmental stressors that reduce productivity in animal breeding. The productivity of farm animals is significantly reduced due to temperature increases. As a result, significant economic losses occur during the summer months. Temperature humidity index developed according to air temperature and relative humidity relation is a widely used method for determining the effect of heat stress for domesticated animals. The ruminants entering the heat stress have lower feed consumption and consequently lower yields. This review was conducted to determine the effects of negative stressors on ruminants, to show how to reduce the effects of these factors, and to determine what the physiological changes due to temperature stress are.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Sonya SHUKEROVA, Diana KIRIN, Maria CHUNCHUKOVA, Dimitrinka KUZMANOVA

The aim of the study was to reveal the helminth diversity and the parameters of infection of white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) from Srebarna Biosphere Reserve, North-East Bulgaria. This is the first study of helminth fauna of white bream from Srebarna lake. The hosts were examined by standard techniques. Five species of helminths were found: trematodes (metacercariae of Diplostomum paraspathaceum, Diplostomum pseudospathaceum, Posthodiplostomum cuticola, Tylodelphys clavata) and monogenean (Paradiplozoon homoion). All helminth species identified in the present study are new host-records for the white bream in the Srebarna Lake. Blicca bjoerkna was reported as a new host record for digeneans, namely Diplostomum paraspathaceum, D. pseudospathaceum, T. clavata and T. monogenean, P. homoion from the territory of Bulgaria. Blicca bjoerkna was reported as a new host record for D. paraspathaceum, D. pseudospathaceum and monogenean P. homoion from Balkan Peninsula. In the present study, was reported for the first time the trematodes for D. paraspathaceum, D. pseudospathaceum as parasite of white bream from Basin of Danube River.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Gheorghe BORONCIUC, Vladimir BUZAN, Ion BALAN, Ion MEREUŢA, Iulia CAZACOV, Nicolae ROŞCA, Melania BUCARCIUC

Phospholipids as a component of the lipid spectrum represent the main part of structural integrity of sperm cell membranes. It is considered as natural fecundity factor which contribute to improving of spermatozoa cell membrane function by regenerative processes. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the content of phospholipids, at various stages of a sperm cryopreservation. In results of the conducted researches is established that the content of phosphatidylcholine prevail above all fractions of phospholipids, which consistently decrease during cryopreservation. These changes are inherent to bull and boar spermatozoa. However, due to the fact that the content of phosphatidylcholine prevails over the other phospholipids, it is necessary to consider that this indicator can be the criterion of a fertility rate of spermatozoa which defines reproductive health of organisms relating to studied species.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Retracted article from publishing in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Laurenția DUMAN, Ion RĂDUCUȚĂ, Elena ILIŞIU, Alexandru MARIN, Ana-Maria CIUREA, Vasile DREVE, Teodor BUCĂTARU, Ion CĂLIN

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Lovita Adriani, Yulia Fransiska, Diding Latipudin, Heri Supratman

Probiotics can play an important role in immunological, digestive and respiratory functions and could have a significant effect in alleviating lipid. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Milk and Soybean Fermented with Probiotic on cholesterol status i.e. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) indices of broilers. Materials and Methods: A total of 120, 5 weeks old broilers were used in this study in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The birds were randomly assigned into six treatment groups of P0, P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 with 24 birds treatment G1 replicated 4 times of 5 birds each. The broiler in first group (P0) basal feed, (P1) basal feed with cow's milk, (P2) basal feed with milk fermented, (P3)basal feed with soy milk fermented, (P4) basal feed with combination milk fermented and soy milk fermented, (P5) basal feed with combination milk fermented and soy milk fermented with different bacteria. Results: There were non-significant (p>0.05) increasing High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level of broiler due to probiotic supplementation. Increasing blood HDL levels is (69.73 mg/dL) in group fed P4 (combination milk fermented and soy milk fermented) compared to control (45,16 mg/dL). A statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in total number of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) level. Lowest LDL level (33.36 mg/dL) was found in group fed (P4) combination milk fermented and soy milk fermented. In conclusion, addition of probiotic milk fermented with soy milk fermented had beneficial effect increasing HDL levels and decreasing LDL levels broiler blood.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Ioan CUSTURA, Minodora TUDORACHE, Ilie VAN, Andrei MARMANDIU, Paul ANTON

Study was performed to observe influence of some environmental factors (light intensity and poultry density) and of litter type on feed consumption of young broiler breeder males ROSS 308 during whole raising period (0-18 weeks). Researches are part of a massive experiment analyzing quality of semen material and breeding efficiency of broiler breeding parents. Three experimental procedures were designed (A – with analyze parameters sub-standard and litter made of chopped straws, B – with analyze parameters above standard and litter made of rice hulls and C – with analyze parameters at the level recommended by the manufacturer of biological material and litter made of wood shavings). Registered values of feed consumption were similar to those recommended by the manufacturer of biological material in all three cases (differences were not assured statistically). Comparison of average values of individuals from the three groups has revealed that those values are not significantly different. So variation of environmental factors and litter type do not affect feed consumption.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Tita ROOSTITA, Lilis SURYANINGSIH, Hendronoto A. W. LENGKEY, Andry PRATAMA, Gemilang Lara UTAMA

Cottage cheese is one of the popular unripened cheese which made by acid addition for coagulate the casein. In traditional cheesemaking, fruit juice extract which has high acidity used to replace rennet as coagulants. The addition of fruit juice extract in the making of traditional cottage cheese has given specific characteristic such as flavor which also affected by the presence of microorganisms such as yeasts. The research aims to determine the presence of yeast in traditional cottage cheese that coagulated by Strawbery juice extract. Strawberry juice extract selected as cottage cheese coagulant because it has high acidity with the pH of 3.34. Cottage cheese made with pasteurized cow milk and mixed with 20%, 30%, 40% of strawberry juice extract until the pH turn to 5.85-5.93, curdled and added with 0.4% NaCl then solidified aseptically (modification of McMahon, 2005). Total yeasts counted by using total plate count method on the Malt Extract Agar with the addition of 10 ppm antibiotic (Roostita, et al., 2011) The yeasts colony identified using Remel RapID Yeast Plus to determine the species. Results showed that 40% addition of strawberry juice extract resulting the best yield of 32.07%, with the total yeasts of 5.98 x 107 cfu/g and Cryptococcus albidus as yeasts dominantly found in products.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Burak SALTUK , Atilgan ATILGAN, Yusuf AYDIN, Y.Kenan KOCA, Nihat KÖSE

Food of animal origin derived from livestock farming establishments is necessary to meet the needs of human beings. The wastes generated during the production stages of cattle breeding (manure, ground covers, etc.) create a danger to the environment and water resources when they are released to the environment randomly. Therefore, the waste generated by livestock farming establishments should be stored in a controlled manner and should not cause environmental pollution. The research was carried out in the Euphrates basin and covered four provinces (Adiyaman, Sanliurfa, Gaziantep, and Kilis) and 35 districts. In the context of this study, the number of the cattle bred in the establishments in 328 villages which are at least 150 m and at the most 5 km distance to the flow path of the Euphrates was taken into consideration. In the study, Erdas Imagine 9.3 and ArcMAP 10.0 software were used; the number of the cattle and the distance to the rivers were evaluated as a layer. The subject of the study was the investigation of the potential pollution effects of the cattle breeding on the Euphrates River and its tributaries, and it was carried out to determine risky, non-risky and partially risky areas and attract attention to this issue. As a result, it was concluded that 4 districts and villages of Sanliurfa Region would be classified as risky areas, 3 districts and villages of Gaziantep Region would be classified as partially-risky areas, and 3 districts and villages of Adiyaman Region and all districts and villages of Kilis Region would be classified as non-risky areas.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Mihaela SĂRĂCILĂ, Tatiana Dumitra PANAITE, Arabela UNTEA, Mariana ROPOTA, Petru Alexandru VLAICU, Margareta OLTEANU, Cristina ȘOICA

The 6-week experiment used 168 Tetra SL (26 weeks) layers assigned to 4 groups. Compared to the conventional diet formulation used for the control group (C), in order to enrich the eggs in ω – 3 PUFA, the diet formulations used for the experimental groups (E1, E2, E3) included 7% flaxseed meal. Diet E1 used vitamin E (100 mg/kg feed) as antioxidant, while the other diets used 3% (E2) and 1.5% (E3) grape seeds powder. Egg samples were collected throughout the experimental period: initially, in the beginning of the experiment, in weeks II, IV and VI and when the experiment ended. The collected eggs were used to form egg yolk samples, which were assayed for fatty acids, peroxide value (PV), concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) and concentration of conjugated trienes (CT) and total antioxidant capacity. The yolks of the eggs from the experimental groups had a significantly (P≤0.05) higher concentration of ω – 3 PUFA compared to those from the control group. The lowest PV was determined in the yolk from E2 groups (3% grape seeds powder). The lowest CD concentrations were traced in the eggs collected on week II from groups E1 (6.278±1.931 µmol/g) and E2 (6.254±0.196 µmol/g). The yolks from groups E2 and E3 collected on weeks II and VI had the lowest CT absorbance. The antioxidant capacity was higher in the yolk from groups E1 (100 mg vitamin E/kg CF) and E2 (3 % grape seeds powder). The yolks from E3 (1.5% grape seeds powder) eggs collected in the end of the experiment had a significantly (P≤0.05) lower antioxidant capacity than E1 and E2.

[Read full article] [Citation]

SPUPOPUPNO1