ISSN 2285-5750, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769, ISSN-L 2285-5750, ISSN Online: 2393 – 2260
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Gabriel Cătălin GÎLEA, Elena POPESCU MICLOȘANU, Alexandru KELEMEN

Biodiversity domestic livestock species that produce various products is very important in the context of human population growth, but equally for meeting the demand for certain types of special foods especially appreciated by gourmets. Thus, the ducks can provide a wide range of products with high organoleptic and nutritional quality that can meet different consumer categories.This requires analysis of different indices of breeding duck breeds in order to improve them through various means, such as controlling the storage conditions of the eggs (the term, the microclimate in storage room) and incubation parameters.The study was done at the web-footed farm in Moara Domneasca, the biobase of the University of Agriculture Science and Veterinary Medicine from Bucharest, on the collection of duck breeds that consisted of: Barbarie, Pekin, Indian Running and Campbell.We observed six incubation series at an interval of seven days each. Incubation was done using a Smart Performer volume incubator with a capacity of 10.000 eggs.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Ioan CUSTURA, Minodora TUDORACHE, Ilie VAN, Andrei MARMANDIU, Paul ANTON

During the present study, we have determined the values associated with the quantity and quality of the seminal material, influencing the hatchability and finally the biological and economic efficiency of the reproduction activity. The conducted research was organized on a period of two years, the material being represented by commercially available hybrids of ROSS 308, 25 roosters and 250 hens. The study took place for three different control ages (25, 35 and 45 weeks) along the production cycle (week 19 - week 64). The work took place in three different units, each corresponding to a different experiment (A - with analyzed parameters under the standard and using bedding made of chopped straws, B - with parameters that have been raised over the standard limits and using rice hulls as bedding, and C - with parameters at the producer's recommended level, and bedding made of wood shavings). It was observed that the highest hatchability appeared associated with 25th week (67.39 %) and 45th week (87.89%) of experiment C and 35th week (89.89%) of experiment B. The obtained results, although not statistically significant, appear to favor the use of classic bedding made of wood shavings, and of the technologically standard microclimate parameters, a situation in which the hatchability rate recorded the highest values.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Minodora TUDORACHE, Ioan CUSTURĂ, Ilie VAN, Elena POPESCU-MICLOȘANU, Paul ANTON

The research conducted on this paper has had as main objective a study on the reproduction efficiency of ROSS 308 male line, under the influence of several microclimate factors such as the light intensity and the density of the flock, as well as other factors, which, if corroborated, would determine the fecundity capacity of the roosters. Three experiments have been constructed (A - with analyzed parameters under the standard and using bedding made of chopped straws, B - with parameters that have been raised over the standard limits and using rice hulls as bedding, and C - with parameters at the producer's recommended level, and bedding made of wood shavings). The observations have been made and the records have been taken during the production cycle (week 19 - week 64), over a period of 3 weeks (25, 35 and 45 weeks of age), for two consecutive years, on a group comprising 25 roosters and 250 hens, for each experimental series. The results show the highest fertility rate for the experimental series C, over all the control weeks (50 %, 95, 1 %, 93, and 4 % respectively). The differences, although not statistically significant, can turn the conditions of experimental series C very popular, making the wood shavings classic bedding a favorite, along with several technologically standard microclimate parameters. Overall, the fertility would register higher values (with 3-5 %), for which the economic efficiency would be making a difference (although not from a scientific point of view).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Roostita L. BALIA, Gemilang L. UTAMA

Indonesia has a great diversity of ethnic fermented foods and beverages. Besides tempe, there are many famous fermented ethnic products in Indonesia, some of them are Tape’, Dadih, Dangke, Bakasam and Sie Reuboh. Tape’ is ethnic fermented cassava which fermented by the consortium of lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mould contained in ragi. Dadih is buffalo milk that naturally fermented inside the bamboo, while Dangke is buffalo milk which curdled using papaya latex and then fermented in coconut shell. Bakasam is meat which anaerobic-naturally fermented with the addition of rice, salt and sugar. Meanwhile, Sie Reuboh is meat that fermented with the addition of palm vinegar. Even yeasts were not the main microorganisms in the fermentation process, their functional properties were highly recognized in resulting the important foods characteristics. The yeasts isolated from Tape’ such as Saccharomycopsis fibuligera shown great potential of antimicrobial and proteolytic activities (Roostita, et al., 2011). Candida curiosa, Brettanomyces custersii and Kluyveromyces lactis isolated from Dadih shown an antimicrobial activities towards B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus (Yurliasni, 2010). Dangke also shown antimicrobial activities towards E. coli and S. aureus. The yeasts population isolated from Bakasam and Sie Reuboh shown protelytic activities. The functional properties of yeasts that isolated from Indonesian ethnic fermented foods were originally has great potential to develop as commercial products. Bioactive compound that showing antimicrobial activities towards the pathogenic bacteria can be purified and developed as food bioperservatives or even nutriceutical products. Meanwhile the proteases produced by yeasts also could developed as local enzyme that could reduced the dependency to the imported enzyme.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Muhittin TUTKUN

In Turkey, red meat production is mainly provided from cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats, and although there is a significant potential in terms of the number of animals, yields obtained those animals are low. Bovine fattening in Turkey is mostly done with dairy, combined and indigenous breeds which is carcass weights are lower than those of the beef breeds. It is noteworthy red meat per capita consumption in Turkey is fairly below the world average (19 kg / year) with 13 kg / year. In Turkey, a total of 1.15 m tons of meat produced in 2015 was obtained from bovine animals (87.8%) and from small ruminants (12.2%). In Turkey, 12.9% of the cattle and 96% of the sheep population are composed of low-yielding domestic races (Anonymus, 2015). In livestock production is very low. In order to improve red meat production and average carcass yield, besides animal breeding activities, it is important to develop management and feeding conditions, minimize breeding and early age animal slaughter, to develop and maintain support policies for the enterprises engaged in fattening activities. In this study, the present status of red meat production in Turkey and sitiuation of the last 10 years, the problems of red meat production and the recommendations for solution were presented

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Dana BARBA, Gabriela-Lucica MARGARIT, Radu TOMA, Diana CONSTANTINESCU- GROPOSILA

This paper presents Romanian Black Spotted characters regarding repeatability parameter for the development, reproduction and milk production at the Pantelimon and Mogosoaia farms. The milk production is the main target when we follow the goal of milk production exploitation from those two farms. From the repeatability character point of view, the quantitative characters can be divided in three categories: strong repeatability characters, when the repeatability coefficient is higher than 0.50 (milk production quality acquiring), medium repeatability characters when the repeatability coefficient is between 0.20 and 0.50 (milk production quantitative acquiring), poor repeatability characters when the repeatability coefficient is lower than 0.20 (reproduction characters and general biologic acquiring characters). The repeatability for milk quantity has different values for Pantelimon farm (0.484±0.11) and Mogosoaia farm (0.430±0.15); we found similar values like other authors for Romanian Black Spotted population. The study conduct by us revealed lower values for repeatability at the fat percent (0.430±0.17 - Pantelimon farm and 0.380±0.17 – Mogosoaia farm) comparative with those from the profile literature: Cacula et al .(1968)-0.780, Alexoiu (1983) – 0.690, Murat (1985) – 0.710; exception being the values calculated by Georgescu (1984) – 0.220. The repeatability characters for milk production determined by us at the Romanian Black Spotted cattle population from our study is alike with the values write in the profile literature, exception being the fat percent, which is lower.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Tuti WIDJASTUTI, Iwan SETIAWAN, ABUN

Sentul chicken is recognized as a dual purpose local chicken breed and it is very potential because it growth rapidly and it has high eggs productivity. They are able to adapt to the environment and it remains productive even thoughthe diets given are low of quality, and they resist to diseases and the husbandry of the does not require a special skill. One of the alternative to improve eggs quality is by giving the ration added with a Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val) meal. Turmeric is one of the medicinal plants used as an herbal medicine containing atsiri oil (volatile oil) and curcuminoid. The aim of this research was to evaluate the hen-day production and thequality of Sentul’s egg added turmeric meal in the ration. Sixty Sentul Chickens at 42 weeks of age were used. The data were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design consisted of four treatments, which were 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 percent of turmeric meal, and each treatment was repeated five times. The statistical analysis indicated that the effect of the addition of turmeric meal (Curcuma domestica, Val) in ration was significant (P0.05) on yolk index, Haugh unit value and shell thickness. All and all the use of turmeric meal in the ration of Sentul chicken up to 0.2 percent support the high quality egg formation, and theaddition of 0.3 percent turmeric into Sentul chicken’s ration have positive effect on egg yolk color.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Rezana PENGU, Etleva DELIA, Ariana NEPRAVISHTA , Rajmonda NOVAKU

Albania continues the reforms and developed good institutional and regulatory capacities for managing environmental issues. The roles of the public and private sectors need to be considered according the pollution intensity (solid pollution, the potential collapse of water, water contamination from agricultural or industrial pollutants, energy inefficiency, and threats to natural resources. Groundwater contamination by nitrate-nitrogen and eutrophication of surface waters by phosphorus originating from land application of fertilizers and animal manure are well documented in some most populated areas like, Durres, suburb of Tirana, Lushnja, Fier etc. One of the important reasons of soil and water pollution in Albania is the agricultural techniques and animal manures. Soil and water are compounding parts of it are before the risks of pollution presenting problems for the change of environmental equilibrium. Nevertheless the agricultural is always in front of difficulties from the influence of agronomic techniques and the animal rests. Excessive animal manure and fertilizer inputs do cause various environmental problems, related to the accumulation and elevated leaching, runoff of nutrients (N and P) and heavy metal to ground water and surface water. This is particularly true in areas where animal production has been geographically concentrated. Interest in phytase for non ruminant animals takes place in regions, where soil and groundwater pollution due to animal wastes is a serious problem and phosphorus is a major concern.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LIX
Written by Tuti WIDJASTUTI, ABUN, Kiki HAETAMI

Bioprocess product of Shrimp waste can used as a source of nutrient concentrate in dietary of native chicken. Products of steps Bioprocess through by Bacillus licheniformis continued by Lactobacillus sp., and then by Saccharomyces cereviseae have a better protein digestibility value. The aim of the research was to evaluate the performance of native chickens to using Bioprocess product of Shrimp waste (Nutrient –concentrate) in the ration. One hundred and fifty day old native chickens were raised in cages until six weeks old. This experiment was conducted completely randomized design (CRD), six nutrient concentrate levels in the ration, namely R0 = basal ration without Bioprocess product of Shrimp waste (nutrient concentrate) with (crude protein 15%, ME 2750 Kcal/kg), R1= ration contained 5% nutrient concentrate (crude protein 15%, ME 2750 Kcal/kg), R2= ration contained 10% nutrient concentrate (crude protein 15%, ME 2750 Kcal/kg), R3= ration contained 15% nutrient concentrate (crude protein 15%, ME 2750 Kcal/kg), R4= ration contained 20% nutrient concentrate (crude protein 15%, 2750 Kcal/kg ME), and R5= standard ration high protein without content Bioprocess product of Shrimp waste (crude protein 18%, ME 2750 kcal/kg) and repeated five times. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test. Feed consumption, body weight gain and feed efficiency were parameters observed. The results showed that treatment using bioprocess product of shrimp waste (nutrient concentrate) in the ration was significant effect on feed consumption, body weight and feed efficiency. The best performance was achieved by ration containing 10% nutrient concentrates (ration of 15% protein content) and equal in value to the standard ration (ration of 18% protein content).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science, Vol. LX
Written by Carmen Georgeta NICOLAE, Liliana Mihaela MOGA, Gratziela Victoria BAHACIU, Monica Paula MARIN

This paper presents the structure design of a traceability system in fishery supply chain based on artificial intelligence and information technology for data acquisition and processing. The design activity takes into consideration the need of the Romanian fisheries to get an effective and practical quality safety monitoring tool for fish and fishery products. The traceability system development is based on the European and national legal framework, which was reviewed and on the all stakeholder’s informational needs, which were identified by interviews with the stakeholders within the fish and fish products supply chain.

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